scholarly journals Evaluation of Basic Parameters of Dental Caries in Young Adults with High Caries Risk

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Said Karabekiroğlu ◽  
Nimet Ünlü
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
High Caries Risk ◽  
Basic Parameters

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Different Preventive Programs in Cariogram Parameters of Young Adults at High Caries Risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Karabekiroğlu ◽  
Nimet Ünlü
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Fluoride Varnish ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
High Caries Risk

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of different preventive programs in young adults at high caries risk using Cariogram software. Methods. Sixty-six young adults with high caries risk were evaluated. Dental caries risk for all subjects was determined according to WHO criteria. Subjects were divided into three different preventive groups (control: OH, fluoride varnish: FV, and chlorhexidine varnish: CV). They were followed for 12 weeks (baseline: T0, 1 week: T1, 4 weeks: T2, and 12 weeks: T3). Plaque index, diet frequency, and salivary chairside tests (to record the flow rate, buffer capacity, and mutans streptococci and lactobacillus counts) were performed at each visit. Based on these data, ten caries-related variables were collected and inserted into the Cariogram software to calculate the predicted chance of avoiding caries for each subject. Results. Significant changes were obtained about the Cariogram parameters (diet, bacteria, susceptibility, circumstances, and Cariogram risk group). No significant differences were found between the three methods regarding mean Cariogram scores after 3 months (p>0.05). Conclusions. The regular and effective short-term (three months) use of 1450 ppm fluoridated toothpaste, one visit application of fluoride, and chlorhexidine varnishes were effective for reducing caries risk in young adults, which can be clearly demonstrated using Cariogram software.

scholarly journals Salivary sIgA and PRAP-1 Protein in Relation to Dental Caries: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aseel Al-ani ◽  
Douglas A. MacDonald ◽  
Maha Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
High Caries Risk ◽  
Caries Management ◽  
Assessment Guidelines ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: Certain individuals are more prone to dental caries than others are. Caries risk may be related in the secretion of certain defensive salivary proteins including secretory IgA (sIgA) and proline-rich acidic protein (PRAP-1). In this study, we investigated the relationship between PRAP-1 and sIgA leading to the susceptibility of development of dental caries in adults and explored the differences in the levels of sIgA and PRAP-1 between men and women. Materials and Methods: Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 28 patients with high caries risk and 32 control subjects with low caries risk according to caries management by risk assessment guidelines. sIgA and PRAP-1 levels in clarified saliva samples were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: According to our results, sIgA and PRAP-1 levels did not demonstrate statistically significant differences as a function of caries risk or gender, even when potential confounding variables such as age and numbers of teeth were taken into consideration. Estimates of effect size, however, revealed small- to medium-sized effects and suggest that significant results may have been found if larger sample sizes were used. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that caries risk and salivary levels of sIgA and PRAP-1 do not appear to be significantly associated. Statistically significant findings could emerge if the sample size was larger.

scholarly journals Dental Caries Risk in the U.S. Air Force: 2009 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (11-12) ◽  
pp. e2061-e2070
Author(s):  
David K Schindler ◽  
Gabriela V Lopez Mitnik ◽  
Lee Ann Zarzabal ◽  
Aida M Soliván-Ortiz ◽  
Scott P Irwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
High Caries Risk ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Military Rank

Abstract Introduction The Air Force uses dental caries risk assessments (CRA) to determine which active duty Air Force (ADAF) members are at high caries risk (HCR) and will benefit from additional preventive and restorative dental care. The purpose of this study is to describe the caries risk of ADAF from 2009 to 2017 and determine how demographic, military, and tobacco-use characteristics affect caries risk. Materials and Methods Data from ~300,000 ADAF annual dental examinations from 2009 to 2017 were used. The outcome variable investigated was dental caries risk (high, moderate, or low). Independent variables analyzed were: age, sex, race, education, marital status, military rank, service years, flying status, and tobacco use. Descriptive and multivariable analyses were performed to explore associations between potential risk indicators and caries risk outcomes. Results From 2009 to 2013, there was a steady decline in ADAF that were diagnosed as low caries risk (LCR), from 80.3% to 67.7%. Since 2013, the prevalence of ADAF that are LCR has remained unchanged at about two-thirds of the force. The proportion of the ADAF that are moderate caries risk (MCR) increased from 15.7% in 2009 to 25.3% in 2013 and remained unchanged affecting about a quarter of the force since then. The proportion that was diagnosed as HCR increased from 3.9% in 2009 to 7.1% in 2013 and declined slightly in 2017 (6.0%). After controlling for other covariates, younger age (<20 years old: odds ratio [OR], 4.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.3–5.8), less time in service (≤4 years: OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.7–2.6), junior rank (E-1–E-4: OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3–1.8), less education (high-school graduate: OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 2.0–2.6), using tobacco (Smoker: OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.5–1.7), being a nonflyer (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1–1.3), being male (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.1–1.2), or being black (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1–1.2) were each associated with being HCR. Among the cohort of Airmen who were LCR at baseline, the majority (75.9%) remained at low risk, but for nearly a quarter (24.1%), their risk of caries increased over 9 years. Among those who were originally MCR in 2009, 61.5% improved to LCR, whereas 4.6% progressed to HCR; among those identified as high risk for caries in 2009, a substantial majority (89.1%) improved over 9 years, but 10.9% remained unchanged. Conclusions The prevalence of HCR and MCR service members increased from 2009 to 2013 but has remained consistent since 2013. Overall caries risk in the Air Force is lower compared to previously published findings from 2001 to 2004. This suggests that CRA and prevention programs have been effective at helping to reduce caries prevalence among Airmen. Smoking prevalence among ADAF has also declined substantially over the past 16 years which may contribute to overall caries risk reductions. Using a CRA approach may be an effective tool for helping to identify and develop strategies to manage dental caries risk in patients.

scholarly journals A Clinical Report of Functional and Esthetic Oral Rehabilitation in a High-caries-risk Child: One-year follow-up

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Rosamilia Kantovitz ◽  
Anna Maria Cia Papa ◽  
Patrícia Almada Sacramento ◽  
Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião ◽  
Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Oral Rehabilitation ◽  
Facial Esthetics ◽  
High Caries Risk ◽  
Risk Child

<p>This case discusses a multi-disciplinary approach to oral functional and esthetic rehabilitation on a high-caries-risk child with prematurely lost primary teeth due to endodontic complications associated with wide-spread dental caries. The patient was diagnosed with an anterior open bite and atypical swallowing. He exhibited anxiety and low self-esteem due to esthetic impairment. A combination of targeted clinical procedures, a focus on oral home care and active parental involvement was integral to the treatment process. The patient was examined monthly by a pediatric dentist regarding dietary habits, fluoride exposure, biofilm presence, caries prevalence, and malocclusion. Improvement was evident in patient’s masticatory function, facial esthetics, and psychological behavior at a 12-month follow-up evaluation.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Deciduous; Dental Caries; Mouth Rehabilitation; Tooth.</p>

Preventive and community dentistry

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-53
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Community Dentistry ◽  
High Caries Risk ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Diet Assessment ◽  
Preventative Dentistry

This chapter outlines caries development, progression, and prevention as well as the role of saliva in neutralizing harmful acids in the oral environment. The action of fluoride is also discussed including appropriate doses, supplementation, professional application, and toxicity. Evidence for the role of sugar in dental caries is then described. This chapter has an emphasis on preventative dentistry including the use of fissure sealants in varying age groups, going on to highlight the importance of diet assessment and modification in high caries-risk patients. The chapter also discusses dentistry for people with disabilities and has a section on different types of dental care professionals.

scholarly journals Dental RECUR Randomized Trial to Prevent Caries Recurrence in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Pine ◽  
P.M. Adair ◽  
G. Burnside ◽  
L. Brennan ◽  
L. Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Dental Practitioner ◽  
General Dental Practitioner ◽  
High Caries Risk ◽  
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a dental nurse–delivered intervention—the Dental RECUR Brief Negotiated Interview for Oral Health (DR-BNI)—in reducing the recurrence of dental caries in children who have a primary tooth extracted. It was based on a 2-arm multicenter randomized controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment. Participants were 5- to 7-y-old children ( n = 241) scheduled to have primary teeth extracted in 12 UK centers. Test intervention parents ( n = 119) received DR-BNI led by trained dental nurses. DR-BNI is a 30-min structured conversation informed by motivational interviewing with a forward focus to prevent future caries. Preventive goals are agreed, and a review appointment is made with child’s general dental practitioner, who is advised to treat the child as being at high caries risk. The control intervention ( n = 122) was a parent-nurse conversation about child’s future tooth eruption, with advice given to visit a general dental practitioner as usual. At baseline, the DR-BNI group’s mean dmft was 6.8, and the control group’s was 6.3. A median of 5 teeth were extracted, mainly under general anesthesia. Final dental assessments were conducted by a single examiner visiting 189 schools 2 y after intervention; 193 (80%) of 241 children were examined. In the control group, 62% developed new caries in teeth that were caries-free or unerupted at baseline, as compared with 44% in the test group, a significant reduction ( P = 0.021). The odds of new caries experience occurring were reduced by 51% in the DR-BNI group as compared with control. There was a 29% decrease in the relative risk of new caries experience in the DR-BNI group as compared with control. This single low-cost, low-intensity intervention was successful in significantly reducing the risk of recurrence of dental caries in children. This trial has implications for changing pediatric dental practice internationally. Training in and implementation of a motivational interviewing–informed brief intervention provides opportunities for dental nurses to facilitate behavior change improving the oral health of children at high caries risk (ISRCTN 24958829).

Dental caries risk indicators among Australian Aboriginal young adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Jamieson ◽  
KF Roberts-Thomson ◽  
SM Sayers
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Australian Aboriginal
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