Risk factors of acute cellulitis in adult patients: A case-control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nassaji ◽  
Raheb Ghorbani ◽  
Sanaz Ghashghaee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Determinants of Selected Cardiovascular Diseases among Adult Patients at Cardiac Clinic of Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenkut Aragaw ◽  
Esubalew Tesfahun ◽  
Behailu Tariku Derseh ◽  
Betegiorgis Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
Control Study

Background. Africans are experiencing a rapid epidemiological transition characterized by urbanization and lifestyle changes, which are thought to contribute to increased incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in many African countries, including Ethiopia. Despite this, however, there is scarcity of evidence on cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in the current research setting. This study thus aimed at assessing determinants of selected cardiovascular diseases among adult patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital (DBRH). Methodology. An unmatched case-control study was conducted on 143 newly diagnosed patients with CVDs and 286 controls at the cardiac clinic of DBRH from June to September 2017. Primary data were collected using the WHO-STEPS wise structured questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for cardiovascular diseases at p values < 0.05. Result. The mean age of study participants is estimated as 45.5±13.8 and ranges from 25 to 64 years. Sixty-one (42.7%) of cases and 147 (51.4%) of controls are males. Half of the cases (49.9%) had ischemic heart diseases (IHD), and 44.1% of cases had hypertensive heart disease (HHD), whereas the rest had chronic valvular heart disease (CRVHD) (4.2%) and peripheral and vascular disease (2.1%). This study identified older age as a risk factor for CVD: age group 35–44 years (adjusted odds ratio AOR=2.20; 95% CI: 1.05–4.62), 45-54 years (AOR=4.23; 95% CI: 2.19–8.16), and 55-64 years (AOR=5.98; 95% CI: 3.26–10.98). Other risk factors were smoking history (AOR=9.52; 95% CI: 2.12–42.8), low level of physical activity (AOR=2.19; 95% CI: 1.10–5.02), and higher waist circumference (AOR=2.75; 95% CI: 1.16–6.56). Conclusion. This study has demonstrated that the most frequent risk factors for CVD were older age, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, and abdominal obesity. Therefore, behavior change communication focusing on lifestyle modification including regular physical activities, smoking cessation, and a balanced diet should be strengthened.

Clinical features and risk factors for development of Bacillus bacteremia among adult patients with cancer: a case-control study

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hoon Ko ◽  
Cheol-In Kang ◽  
Woo Joo Lee ◽  
Kyungmin Huh ◽  
Jeong Rae Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Control Study

Risk Factors Associated With Clostridium difficile Diarrhea in Hospitalized Adult Patients: A Case-Control Study—Sucralfate Ingestion is Not a Negative Risk Factor

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-235
Author(s):  
Paul W. Watanakunakorn ◽  
Chatrchai Watanakunakorn ◽  
John Hazy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjectives:To assess risk factors associated with Clostridium difficile diarrhea in hospitalized adult patients, and to test the hypothesis that sucralfate ingestion is associated with nondetection of C difficile cytotoxin in stool specimens.Design:A retrospective case-control study of hospitalized adult patients who had stool specimens assayed for C difficile cytotoxin. For each patient who had positive C difficile cytotoxin, a patient who had negative C difficile cytotoxin was used as a control. The study period was January to December 1993.Setting:A community teaching hospital affiliated with a medical school in northeastern Ohio.Results:There were 91 case patients and 91 control patients. Cephalosporin exposure was identified as a risk factor in patients with C difficile diarrhea. The number of patients who had sucralfate ingestion was comparable in both groups of patients.Conclusions:Administration of cephalosporins was identified as a risk factor in patients with C difficile diar-rhea. We were not able to confirm a recent report of the association between ingestion of sucralfate and nondetection of C difficile cytotoxin in stool specimens. Our findings suggest that sucralfate ingestion is not associated with nondetection of C difficile cytotoxin in stool specimens. Assay of C difficile cytotoxin in stool specimens remains a valid method of diagnosing C difficile diarrhea, even in patients who ingest sucralfate.

scholarly journals No Increased Risk of Cataract in Immune Thrombocytopenia Adult Patients Treated with Eltrombopag. a French Nationwide Nested Case-Control Study

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 2363-2363
Author(s):  
Margaux Lafaurie ◽  
Bérangère Baricault ◽  
Vincent Soler ◽  
Myriam Cassagne ◽  
Laurent Sailler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: In preclinical studies, eltrombopag has been associated to an increased incidence of cataract in mice and rats. No increased risk has been observed in randomized controlled trials in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients. During the eltrombopag extension study EXTEND, 28/302 patients developed or worsened cataract, i.e. 9.3% of the patients over a median duration of exposure of 2.4 years. Of note, 79% of these 28 patients had at least another risk factor of cataract. Real-life studies assessing the risk of cataract in ITP adult patients exposed to eltrombopag are lacking. Aim: To assess the risk of cataract with eltrombopag in a nationwide cohort of primary ITP adults. Methods: The population was the cohort of all incident primary ITP adult patients (≥18 years) in France from June 2010 (date of eltrombopag marketing in France) to June 2017. This cohort was identified within the national health insurance database using a validated algorithm combining drug exposures and international classification of diseases, version 10 (ICD-10) diagnosis codes (FAITH cohort; NCT03429660). A nested case-control study was conducted within the cohort. Cases were patients who had a surgery for cataract after ITP onset, identified using appropriate codes. Up to five controls for each case were matched on age and sex. Index date was the date of cataract surgery for cases, and the date of cataract surgery of the corresponding case for controls. Two analyses were conducted: one considering the exposure to eltrombopag as ever vs. never exposed; another considering the cumulative exposure to eltrombopag, categorized by never exposed, a 1-365 Defined Daily Dose (DDD) exposure, and a ≥365 DDD exposure. Covariables were the presence of diabetes mellitus, cumulative exposure to corticosteroids considered in prednisone equivalence dosage (by quartiles), and the presence of ophthalmological risk factors of cataract (including previous ophthalmological surgery, glaucoma and other anterior chamber risk factors). Conditional logistic regression models were used to compute adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The cohort included 8,502 incident primary ITP adults. During the follow-up (31,590 patient-years in total; mean follow-up: 44.4 months), 1,097 patients were exposed to eltrombopag, including 310 with a cumulative exposure ≥365 DDDs. Overall, 573 patients had a surgery of cataract; incidence: 1.90/100 person-years (95% CI: 1.75-2.06). Fifty-seven cases occurred in patients ever exposed to eltrombopag; incidence: 1.50/100 person-years (95%CI: 1.15-1.94) in this subgroup. The nested case-control study included the 573 cases and 2699 controls. Median age was 75 years and 50% were women; the median duration of disease was 24.8 months in cases and 24.2 months in controls; 57 (9.9%) cases and 314 (11.6%) controls were exposed to eltrombopag before the index date; 14 (2.4%) and 68 (2.5%) patients had cumulative exposure to eltrombopag ≥365 DDDs, respectively. Cases were more frequently exposed to corticosteroids (83.4% vs. 75.7%), with a higher cumulative exposure to corticosteroids (median: 2800 vs. 2188 mg prednisone equivalent). Diabetes mellitus was present in 25.7% of cases vs. 25.1% of controls while ophthalmological risk factors were present in 5.4% and 2.8%, respectively. In the ever/never exposed analysis, the aOR for eltrombopag was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.58-1.07). In the cumulative exposure analysis, the aOR was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.54-1.08) in the 1-365 DDD group as compared with the never exposed group, and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.49-1.59) in the ≥365 DDD group as compared with the never exposed group. Conclusions: This nationwide pharmacoepidemiological study did not identify an increased risk of cataract in primary ITP adult patients exposed to eltrombopag. Disclosures Moulis: Novartis pharma: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen pharma: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; CSL Behring: Research Funding.

scholarly journals Risk factors for fall occurrence in hospitalized adult patients: a case-control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isis Marques Severo ◽  
Ricardo de Souza Kuchenbecker ◽  
Débora Feijó Villas Boas Vieira ◽  
Amália de Fátima Lucena ◽  
Miriam de Abreu Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Surgical Units ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify risk factors for falls in hospitalized adult patients. Methods: a matched case-control study (one control for each case). A quantitative study conducted in clinical and surgical units of a teaching hospital in Southern Brazil. The sample comprised 358 patients. Data were collected over 18 months between 2013-2014. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics and conditional logistic regression using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 18.0. Results: risk factors identified were: disorientation/confusion [OR 4.25 (1.99 to 9.08), p<0.001]; frequent urination [OR 4.50 (1.86 to 10.87), p=0.001]; walking limitation [OR 4.34 (2.05 to 9.14), p<0.001]; absence of caregiver [OR 0.37 (0.22 to 0.63), p<0.001]; postoperative period [OR 0.50 (0.26 to 0.94), p=0.03]; and number of medications administered within 72 hours prior the fall [OR 1.20 (1.04 to 1.39) p=0.01]. Conclusion: risk for falls is multifactorial. However, understanding these factors provides support to clinical decision-making and positively influences patient safety.

scholarly journals Risk factors for hepatitis C infection among adult patients in Kedah state, Malaysia: A case–control study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e0224459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Azri Mohd Suan ◽  
Salmiah Md Said ◽  
Poh Ying Lim ◽  
Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman ◽  
Muhammad Radzi Abu Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Control Study
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