Structural and ultrastructural description of the ovarian wall in astacid crayfish, {Astacus leptodactylus}

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Petrescu
Keyword(s):  
Astacus Leptodactylus ◽  
Ovarian Wall

Effect of Sublethal Nickel Chloride Exposure on Crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Ovary: An Ultrastructural, Autometallographic, and Electrophoretic Analyses

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 668-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otilia Zarnescu ◽  
Ana-Maria Petrescu ◽  
Alexandra Gaspar ◽  
Oana Craciunescu
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Astacus Leptodactylus ◽  
Yolk Granules ◽  
Ovarian Wall ◽  
Cytoplasmic Microtubules ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Basal Matrix

AbstractCytological responses in different organs of sentinel organisms have proven to be useful tools for characterizing the health status of those organisms and assessing the impact of environmental contaminants. Our study shows that nickel (II) accumulated in both germ cells (oogonia and developing oocytes) and somatic cells (muscle cells, follicle cells) in the Astacus leptodactylus ovary. Muscle cells from ovarian wall show disorganization and the disruption of cytoplasmic microtubules and pyknosis of the cell nucleus. Follicle cells, both those that surround the developing oocytes and also those that are not associated with the oocytes contained within the cytoplasm vacuoles of different sizes, degenerated mitochondria, myelin bodies, disorganized microtubules, and pyknotic nuclei. The most evident pathological phenomenon was the alteration and disorganization of the basal matrix, which separates the ovarian interstitium from ovarian follicles compartment. Exposure to nickel induces cytoplasmic vacuolation in oogonia and developing oocytes, structural alteration of the developing yolk granules and condensation of the nucleoli. Ultrastructural autometallography has shown grains of silver-enhanced nickel inside the cytoplasm of the muscle cells with altered morphology, including the cytoplasm, nucleus, and basal matrix of the follicle cells, and in intracisternal granules and developing yolk granules of the oocytes.

scholarly journals The Bdkrb2 gene family provides a novel view of viviparity adaptation in Sebastes schlegelii

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Niu ◽  
Weihao Song ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Haiyang Yu ◽  
Jian Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structure ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Exterior Surface ◽  
Black Rockfish ◽  
Vascular Regulation ◽  
Sebastes Schlegelii ◽  
Ovarian Wall

Abstract Background Black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) is a viviparous teleost. We proposed that the rockfish ovarian wall had a similar function to the uterus of mammals previously. In the present study, the well-developed vascular system was observed in the ovarian wall and the exterior surface of the egg membrane. In gestation, adaptation of the ovary vasculature to the rising needs of the embryos occurs through both vasodilation and neovascularization. Bdkrb2, encoding a receptor for bradykinin, plays a critical role in the control of vasodilatation by regulating nitric oxide production. Results Eight Bdkrb2 genes were identified in the black rockfish genome. These genes were located on chromosome 14, which are arranged in a tandem array, forming a gene cluster spanning 50 kb. Protein structure prediction, phylogenetic analysis, and transcriptome analysis showed that eight Bdkrb2 genes evolved two kinds of protein structure and three types of tissue expression pattern. Overexpression of two Bdkrb2 genes in zebrafish indicated a role of them in blood vessel formation or remodeling, which is an important procedure for the viviparous rockfish getting prepared for fertilization and embryos implantation. Conclusions Our study characterizes eight Bdrkb2 genes in the black rockfish, which may contribute to preparation for fertilization and embryo implantation. This research provides a novel view of viviparity adaptation and lays the groundwork for future research into vascular regulation of ovarian tissue in the breeding cycle in black rockfish.

The Effects of Acclimation Temperature on a Neuromuscular System of the Crayfish, Astacus Leptodactylus

1979 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-293
Author(s):  
MIKKO HARRI ◽  
ERNST FLOREY
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Characteristic Temperature ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
Acclimation Temperature ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Astacus Leptodactylus ◽  
Tension Development ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Warm Acclimation

1. Crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus, were acclimated to 12 °C and to 25 °C. Nerve muscle preparations (closer muscle of walking legs) were subjected to temperatures ranging from 6 to 32 °C. 2. The resting membrane potential of muscle fibres was found to increase with temperature in a linear manner, but with a change in slope at around 170 in cold-acclimated preparations, and around 24 °C in warm-acclimated ones. 3. Temperature acclimation shifted the temperature range of maximal amplitudes of fast and slow e.j.p.s toward the acclimation temperature. Optimal facilitation of slow e.j.p.s also occurred near the respective acclimation temperature. 4. E.j.p. decay time is nearly independent of temperature in the upper temperature range but increases steeply when the temperature falls below a critical range around 17 °C in preparations from cold-acclimated animals, and around 22 °C after acclimation to 25 °C. 5. Peak depolarizations reached by summating facilitated e.j.p.s are conspicuously independent of temperature over a wide range (slow and fast e.j.p.s of cold-acclimated preparations, fast e.j.p.s of warm-acclimated ones) which extends to higher temperatures after warm acclimation in the case of fast e.j.p.s. In warm-acclimated preparations the peak depolarization of slow e.j.p.s first falls then rises and falls again as the temperature increases from 8 to 32 °C. 6. Tension development elicited by stimulation of the slow axon at a given frequency reaches maximal values at the lower end of the temperature range in cold-acclimated preparations. The maximum is shifted towards 20 °C after warm acclimation. Fast contractions decline with temperature; possible acclimation effects are masked by the great lability of fast contractions in warm-acclimated preparations. 7. It is suggested that changes in the composition of membrane lipids may be responsible for the effects of acclimation on the electrical parameters and their characteristic temperature dependence.

scholarly journals Is the resting rate of oxygen consumption of locomotor muscles in crustaceans limited by the low blood oxygenation strategy?

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 933-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Forgue ◽  
A. Legeay ◽  
J.C. Massabuau
Keyword(s):  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Astacus Leptodactylus ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Locomotor Muscles

Numerous water-breathers exhibit a gas-exchange regulation strategy that maintains O(2) partial pressure, P(O2), in the arterial blood within the range 1–3 kPa at rest during the daytime. In a night-active crustacean, we examined whether this could limit the rate of O(2)consumption (M(O2)) of locomotor muscles and/or the whole body as part of a coordinated response to energy conservation. In the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus, we compared the in vitro relationship between the M(O2) of locomotor muscles as a function of the extracellular P(O2) and P(CO2) and in vivo circadian changes in blood gas tensions at various values of water P(O2). In vitro, the M(O2) of locomotor muscle, either at rest or when stimulated with CCCP, was O(2)-dependent up to an extracellular P(O2) of 8–10 kPa. In vivo, the existence of a night-time increase in arterial P(O2) of up to 4 kPa at water P(O2) values of 20 and 40 kPa was demonstrated, but an experimental increase in arterial P(O2) during the day did not lead to any rise in whole-body M(O2). This suggested that the low blood P(O2) in normoxia has no global limiting effect on daytime whole-body M(O2). The participation of blood O(2) status in shaping the circadian behaviour of crayfish is discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of Ovarian Extract on the Growth of Ovarian Wall Cells from Kuruma Prawn

1997 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1042-1043
Author(s):  
Isao Yano ◽  
Hiroki Yotsuhashi
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Wall

scholarly journals Kerevit (Astacus leptodactylus) Yemine Katılan Selenyumun Paraoksonaz ve Arilesteraz Enzim Aktivitelerine Etkisi

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Serpil Mişe Yonar ◽  
Muzaffer Harlıoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Astacus Leptodactylus ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Egg Carrying

In this study, the effects of selenium added to the diets of Astacus leptodactylus at different ratios on paraoxonase (PON) and arylesterase enzyme activities (ARE) in the hepatopancreas and gonad tissues were investigated. In this study, control (K), trial 1 (D1), trial 2 (D2) and trial 3 (D3) were prepared at the selenium levels of 0,3, 0,6, 0,9 and 1,2 mg/kg, respectively. The crude protein and total energy levels of experimental diets were equalized. 12 ponds in 2 × 2 × 1 m dimensions were used. 75 female and 25 male crayfish were stocked in each pond (totally 1200 crayfish). This study was carried out in triplicate. The crayfish were fed twice a day during 9 months. PON and ARE enzyme activities were investigated in the tissue samples taken monthly from the crayfish. During the trial, significant differences were observed in the PON and ARE enzyme activities in the hepatopancreas and gonad tissues. The PON and ARE enzyme activities increased statistically significant in the crayfish tissues during the breeding season and incubation period. This increase was found to be statistically different in the D1, D2 and D3 groups compared to the control group. In conclusion, selenium had positive effects on PON and ARE enzyme activities of A.leptodactylus during its mating, pleopodal egg laying and pleopodal egg carrying periods.

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