scholarly journals The first epidemiology study of urolithiasis in New Brunswick

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Y. Chen ◽  
Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Stone Analysis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Incident Rate ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Laboratory Information Systems ◽  
Incident Rates

Introduction: Understanding the compositions of a kidney stone is crucial in leading to proper treatment and in preventing reoccurring urolithiasis. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of urolithiasis in the province of New Brunswick (NB), Canada. Methods: A total of 3828 kidney stone analysis reports from October 1, 2016 to September 30, 2019, were reviewed from laboratory information systems. Among them, 3311 were identified as new cases. Stone compositions were analyzed by the Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry. Incident rates were compared using Chi-squared analysis of different age, sex, and regional health authority (RHA) zones. Results: The prevalence of urolithiasis in NB was 147.8 per 100 000 person-years. Males had a significantly higher (X2=254, p<0.001) incident rate of 189 (95% confidence interval [CI] 182–198) than females (107 [95% CI 102–114]) per 100 000 person-years. Zone 1 had significantly higher (245 per 100 000 person-years, p<0.001) prevalence compared to other RHA zones. Age group over 65 years had the highest incidence rate of 253 per 100 00 person-years of all groups. The predominant kidney stone types in NB were whewellite (60.68%) and weddellite (11.58%). Those patients aged 0–18 years had a high percentage of struvite (4.32%) vs. the provincial average (2.19%) (p<0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of NB’s urolithiasis is slightly higher than that of Ontario. Since both zones 1.1 and 1.2 have significantly high prevalence and are situated in the Moncton area (combined zone 1), it may suggest that geographical factors play a role in the prevalence of urolithiasis in NB.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a novel aluminium salt of nitrogen-containing alkylphosphinate with high char formation to flame retard acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 200800
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Xueqing Liu ◽  
Jiyan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ethyl Methyl ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Micro Combustion Calorimeter ◽  
Combustion Calorimeter ◽  
Composition Of Products ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

A novel nitrogen-containing alkylphosphinate salt—aluminium β-(p-nitrobenzamide) ethyl methyl phosphinate (AlNP) was synthesized and used to flame retard acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS). The Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, 1 H, 13 C and 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF) were applied to characterize the structure and composition of products. The flame retardancy performance, thermal properties and mechanical strength of the ABS/AlNP with respect to AlNP loading were investigated. AlNP was stable before 330°C and decomposed very slowly with residues high up to 56.1% at 700°C. Adding 25–30 wt% of AlNP alone can make ABS to pass V0 rating in the vertical burning tests (UL 94). The results according to the micro combustion calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis showed that AlNP can depress the heating release and retard the thermal degradation of the ABS. Scanning electron microscopy observation of the residues from LOI test indicated that AlNP formed the condensed and tough residues layer during combustion; XRF analysis showed that the residues contained phosphorus and aluminium element and nitrogen element was not detected. The compact phosphorus/aluminium-rich substance acted as a barrier to enhance flame-retardant properties of the ABS.

Kidney Stone Analysis

1969 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Henry ◽  
James A. Freeman ◽  
Myrton F. Beeler
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Analysis

scholarly journals School canteens in the Federal District, Brazil and the promotion of healthy eating

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Blamires Santos Porto ◽  
Bethsáida Abreu Soares Schmitz ◽  
Elisabetta Recine ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Carlos Ferreirinha Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
School Cafeterias

Objective: To characterize the school cafeterias in the Federal District of Brazil with respect to the promotion of healthy eating in schools. Methods: This is a descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study, with a representative sample of schools with cafeterias in the Federal District, Brazil (n=202). The data were collected from April to November 2010 by means of on-site interviews and a structured questionnaire. The Pearson's chi-squared and Student's t tests were used. Results: A higher prevalence of outsourcing, and few employees and dieticians were observed. The prevailing foods were baked sausage, cheese, or chicken rolls or pastries. It was also found that 42.2% of the schools influence the menu of the cafeterias, and 58.6% of the representatives believe in the possibility of influencing the students' eating habits. However, 68.0% of the respondents do not believe in the economic feasibility of completely healthful school cafeterias. Approximately 30.0% of the respondents carry out activities to promote healthy eating. Conclusion: Most of the school cafeterias in the Federal District do not encourage healthful eating. The high prevalence of outsourced services with little interference from the school community gives high autonomy to the cafeteria's owner, whose priority is the pursuit of profit at the expense of the students' nutritional education. Improving the nutritional quality of school foods should be a continuous interactive effort of the food suppliers, principals, students, parents, and government authorities.

Simultaneous GC-FT-IR/GC-MS Analysis for Isomer-Specific Identification and Quantitation of Complex Mixture Components

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Smyrl ◽  
D. M. Hembree ◽  
W. E. Davis ◽  
D. M. Williams ◽  
J. C. Vance
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Conventional Manner

The construction and capabilities of a new instrument combining infrared and mass spectrometry to simultaneously examine the effluent from a single capillary column gas chromatographic injection are described. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is performed in the conventional manner. However, the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) portion of the instrument employs a new sampling method involving low-temperature trapping of the effluent from the gas chromatograph. The mass spectrometer was over two orders of magnitude more sensitive (161 fg detection limit for naphthalene) than the infrared (40 pg). The qualitative capabilities of infrared spectrometry, particularly when isomerspecific identifications are necessary, are shown to be highly complementary to the usual GC-MS method for analyzing complex mixtures

scholarly journals Kidney stone analysis: “Give me your stone, I will tell you who you are!”

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Cloutier ◽  
Luca Villa ◽  
Olivier Traxer ◽  
Michel Daudon
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Analysis

Quantitative Analysis of Glucose Syrups by ATR/FT-IR Spectroscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1187-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. De Lène Mirouze ◽  
J. C. Boulou ◽  
N. Dupuy ◽  
M. Meurens ◽  
J. P. Huvenne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Atr Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Thanks to what has been achieved by the Fourier transform, infrared spectrometry can now become a state-of-the-art device in quality control laboratories if we consider its precision and the gain in time it ensures in comparison to results from traditional analytical methods such as chromatography. Moreover, the increasing number of new mathematical regression methods such as Partial Least-Squares (PLS) regression allows multicomponent quantitative analysis in mixtures. For instance, the analysis of the three main components (glucose, maltose, and fructose) of the dry substance which represents about 70% (w/v) in glucose syrups can be done with the use of Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy with a precision in the region of 3 to 5%, whereas the time required to obtain an analysis report is about five minutes. The high similarity between the glucose and the maltose may make the analysis difficult.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Supernumerary Teeth in 5000 Radiography Films: Investigation of Patients Referring to the Clinics of Ardabil in 2015–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Emran Hajmohammadi ◽  
Samira Najirad ◽  
Hesam Mikaeili ◽  
Aziz Kamran
Keyword(s):  
Cyst Formation ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
Supernumerary Tooth ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Medical Planning

Background. Supernumerary tooth is defined as any extra tooth or odontogenic structure that is formed on normal dentition. Supernumerary teeth cause such problems as deficiency in tooth growth, ectopic growth, displacement, crowding, diastema, odontogenic cyst formation, decay of the adjacent tooth, malocclusion, and esthetic problems. This study was conducted aiming at determining epidemiology of supernumerary teeth in Ardabil city in 2020. Materials & Methods. In this retrospective descriptive analytical study, 5000 panoramic radiographs of patients referring to Rad and Baser Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Centers were selected through multistage sampling method during 2015–2020. The data were collected by checklist and analyzed with using SPSS-21 and chi-squared, Fisher, and one-way ANOVA tests with a significance level less than 5%. Results. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was estimated as 1.06% (n = 53), and no significant difference between the males and females was seen. Most supernumerary teeth were found in the distomolar (44.1%) and parapremolar (29.4%) locations. The majority of supernumerary teeth were present in the maxilla (73.5%) and were impacted (77.9%) and unilateral (71.7%). The number of supernumerary teeth was 68 cases and majority of patients (86.8%) had one supernumerary tooth. Conclusion. Supernumerary tooth in this study had a high prevalence compared to similar studies, and unlike most previous studies, the most common type of supernumerary tooth was distomolar. Early diagnosis and proper medical planning are essential for managing supernumerary teeth.

scholarly journals Periapical Status and Quality of Root Fillings and Coronal Restorations in an Adult Turkish Subpopulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 017-022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimet Gencoglu ◽  
Filiz Namdar Pekiner ◽  
Birsay Gumru ◽  
Dilek Helvacioglu
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTObjectives: To investigate the quality of root fillings and coronal restorations and their association with periapical status in an adult Turkish subpopulation.Methods: A total of 400 subjects were examined. Panoramic radiographs of all participants and additional periapical radiographs of affected teeth were processed. The frequency of root canal treatment and the periapical status of all root filled teeth were evaluated. The relationship between the radiographic quality of root fillings and coronal restorations was examined by chi-squared statistical analysis.Results: A total of 9460 teeth were examined. The total number of root filled teeth was 890 (9.39%), and 658 (73.9%) had apical periodontitis (AP). There was a significant correlation between the presence of periapical pathology and inadequate root canal fillings (P <.05). Presence of AP in root filled teeth was associated with inadequate adaptation of the filling (OR=1.097; P=0.54), and with poor radiographic quality of the coronal restoration (OR=0.91; P=0.70), and with poor radiographic quality of the filling restoration (OR=0.97; P=0.92). Only 24.5% of the root fillings were adequate. The highest percentage of root fillings was found in maxillary right first molars (6.9%).Conclusions: The results demonstrate a low prevalence of root-filled teeth and poor quality of coronal restorations and root fillings consistent with a high prevalence of apical periodontitis in a Turkish subpopulation. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:17-22)

scholarly journals Normative need for orthodontic treatment and perception of the need for such treatment among Brazilian adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Karla de Almeida Pinto Monteiro ◽  
Dmitry José de Santana Sarmento ◽  
Tássia Cristina de Almeida Pinto-Sarmento ◽  
Michele Baffi Diniz ◽  
Ana Flávia Granville-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Dental Aesthetics ◽  
Perceived Need For Treatment

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the normative need for orthodontic treatment and the perception of such need among students aged 11-14 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 346 students, randomly selected from public and private schools. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was used to evaluate the normative need for orthodontic treatment (NNOT). The perceived need for treatment among students was assessed by a previously validated questionnaire. Data was analyzed by Pearson’s Chi-squared test (α = 5%). Results: The prevalence of malocclusion and NNOT was 65.6%. Of the sample, 73.7% felt they needed treatment, 66.2% wanted orthodontic treatment and 62.7% were satisfied with their dental aesthetics. A statistically significant association was observed between NNOT and the perception of the need for treatment among the students (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a high prevalence of malocclusion, which was reflected in the high normative need for orthodontic treatment. The opinion of patients regarding their expectations of orthodontic treatment should be valued. The students perceived a need for orthodontic treatment.

An attempt at kidney stone analysis with the application of synchrotron radiation

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaruwan Siritapetawee ◽  
Wanwisa Pattanasiriwisawa
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Analysis
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