scholarly journals Ovarian cysts disappear after 14-fay oral regimen of Korean red ginseng extract in letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niknaz Moradi ◽  
Sepideh Arbabi Bidgoli ◽  
Shahla Chaichian
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Ginseng Extract ◽  
Oral Regimen ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

scholarly journals Improved Hygroscopicity and Bioavailability of Solid Dispersion of Red Ginseng Extract with Silicon Dioxide

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
Sojeong Jin ◽  
Chul Haeng Lee ◽  
Dong Yu Lim ◽  
Jaehyeok Lee ◽  
Soo-Jin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Ussing Chamber ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Ginseng Extract ◽  
Powder Formulation ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to develop a powder formulation for the Korean red ginseng extract (RGE) and to evaluate its in vitro and in vivo formulation characteristics. The solid dispersion of RGE was prepared with hydrophilic carriers using a freeze-drying method. After conducting the water sorption–desorption isothermogram (relative humidity between 30 and 70% RH), differential scanning calorimetry thermal behavior, dissolution test, and intestinal permeation study, a solid dispersion formulation of RGE and silicon dioxide (RGE-SiO2) was selected. RGE-SiO2 formulation increased intestinal permeability of ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1), GRb2, GRc, and GRd by 1.6-fold in rat jejunal segments as measured by the Ussing chamber system. A 1.6- to 1.8-fold increase in plasma exposure of GRb1, GRb2, GRc, and GRd in rats was observed following oral administration of RGE-SiO2 (375 mg/kg as RGE). No significant difference was observed in the time to reach maximum concentration (Tmax) and half-life in comparison to those in RGE administered rats (375 mg/kg). In conclusion, formulating solid dispersion of RGE with amorphous SiO2, the powder formulation of RGE was successfully formulated with improved hygroscopicity, increased intestinal permeability, and enhanced oral bioavailability and is therefore suitable for processing solid formulations of RGE product.

scholarly journals Characterization of hyperglycemia due to sub-chronic administration of red ginseng extract via comparative global proteomic analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Yae Na ◽  
Jung Jae Jo ◽  
Oh Kwang Kwon ◽  
Piljoung Cho ◽  
Yan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Ginseng Extract ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Term Administration

AbstractGinseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is commonly used as an herbal remedy worldwide. Few studies have explored the possible physiological changes in the liver although patients often self-medicate with ginseng preparations, which may lead to exceeding the recommended dose for long-term administration. Here, we analyzed changes in the hepatic proteins of mouse livers using quantitative proteomics after sub-chronic administration of Korean red ginseng (KRG) extract (control group and 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg KRG) using tandem mass tag (TMT) 6‐plex technology. The 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg KRG groups exhibited signs of liver injury, including increased levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum. Furthermore, serum glucose levels were significantly higher following KRG administration compared with the control group. Based on the upregulated proteins found in the proteomic analysis, we found that increased cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) levels promoted greater hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synthesis in the liver. This investigation provides novel evidence that sub-chronic administration of KRG can elevate H2S production by increasing protein expression of CBS and CSE in the liver.

Korean red ginseng extract exploits NF-κB to promote wound repair and protein expression in keratinocytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Hyeok Kim ◽  
Seung Namkoong ◽  
Chang Woo Ha ◽  
Sohee Jang ◽  
Sungsil Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Ginseng Extract

scholarly journals Enhanced Intestinal Permeability and Plasma Concentration of Metformin in Rats by the Repeated Administration of Red Ginseng Extract

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sojeong Jin ◽  
Sowon Lee ◽  
Ji-Hyeon Jeon ◽  
Hyuna Kim ◽  
Min-Koo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Lucifer Yellow ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Korean Red Ginseng ◽  
Ginseng Extract

We aimed to assess the potential herb–drug interactions between Korean red ginseng extract (RGE) and metformin in rats in terms of the modulation of metformin transporters, such as organic cation transporter (Oct), multiple toxin and extrusion protein (Mate), and plasma membrane monoamine transporter (Pmat). Single treatment of RGE did not inhibit the in vitro transport activity of OCT1/2 up to 500 µg/mL and inhibited MATE1/2-K with high IC50 value (more than 147.8 µg/mL), suggesting that concomitant used of RGE did not directly inhibit OCT- and MATE-mediated metformin uptake. However, 1-week repeated administration of RGE (1.5 g/kg/day) (1WRA) to rats showed different alterations in mRNA levels of Oct1 depending on the tissue type. RGE increased intestinal Oct1 but decreased hepatic Oct1. However, neither renal Oct1/Oct2 nor Mate1/Pmat expression in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, liver, and kidney were changed in 1WRA rats. RGE repeated dose also increased the intestinal permeability of metformin; however, the permeability of 3-O-methyl-d-glucose and Lucifer yellow was not changed in 1WRA rats, suggesting that the increased permeability of metformin by multiple doses of RGE is substrate-specific. On pharmacokinetic analysis, plasma metformin concentrations following intravenous injection were not changed in 1WRA, consistent with no significant change in renal Oct1, Oct2, and mate1. Repeated doses of RGE for 1 week significantly increased the plasma concentration of metformin, with increased half-life and urinary excretion of metformin following oral administration of metformin (50 mg/kg), which could be attributed to the increased absorption of metformin. In conclusion, repeated administration of RGE showed in vivo pharmacokinetic herb–drug interaction with metformin, with regard to its plasma exposure and increased absorption in rats. These results were consistent with increased intestinal Oct1 and its functional consequence, therefore, the combined therapeutic efficacy needs further evaluation before the combination and repeated administration of RGE and metformin, an Oct1 substrate drug.

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