Liability of the Indirect Perpetrator in the Absence of Identity Between What Was Done by ‘The Tool’ and What It Was Intented to Do

This article analyses the liability of the indirect perpetrator when ‘the tool’ strays away from what it was intended for. All possible deviations are analysed, as well as the range of liability of the indirect perpetrator. For this purpose, a comparison is made with an analogical hypothesis in the complicity.