EXPLORING THE RELATIONAL BASES OF AGE DEPENDENCE IN ORGANIZATIONAL MORTALITY RATES.

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 (1) ◽  
pp. B1-B6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Lomi ◽  
Erik Reimer Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Age Dependence ◽  
Organizational Mortality

scholarly journals 4. Reasoning with Partial Knowledge

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Pólos ◽  
Michael T. Hannan
Keyword(s):  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Order Logic ◽  
First Order Logic ◽  
Partial Knowledge ◽  
Age Dependence ◽  
Consequence Relation ◽  
First Order ◽  
Correct Execution ◽  
Organizational Mortality ◽  
Monotonicity Principle

We investigate how sociological argumentation differs from classical first-order logic. We focus on theories about age dependence of organizational mortality. The overall pattern of argument does not comply with the classical monotonicity principle: Adding premises overturns conclusions in an argument. The cause of nonmonotonicity is the need to derive conclusions from partial knowledge. We identify metaprinciples that appear to guide the observed sociological argumentation patterns, and we formalize a semantics to represent them. This semantics yields a new kind of logical consequence relation. We demonstrate that this new logic can reproduce the results of informal sociological theorizing and lead to new insights. It allows us to unify existing theory fragments, and it paves the way toward a complete classical theory. Observed inferential patterns which seem “wrong” according to one notion of inference might just as well signal that the speaker is engaged in correct execution of another style of reasoning. —Johan van Benthem (1996)

Inequalities and Impact of Socioeconomic-Cultural Factors in Suicide Rates Across Italy

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
Marco Innamorati ◽  
Monica Vichi ◽  
Maria Masocco ◽  
Nicola Vanacore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Suicide is a major cause of premature death in Italy and occurs at different rates in the various regions. Aims: The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of suicide in the Italian population aged 15 years and older for the years 1980–2006. Methods: Mortality data were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database. Results: Mortality rates for suicide in Italy reached a peak in 1985 and declined thereafter. The different patterns observed by age and sex indicated that the decrease in the suicide rate in Italy was initially the result of declining rates in those aged 45+ while, from 1997 on, the decrease was attributable principally to a reduction in suicide rates among the younger age groups. It was found that socioeconomic factors underlined major differences in the suicide rate across regions. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that suicide is a multifaceted phenomenon that may be determined by an array of factors. Suicide prevention should, therefore, be targeted to identifiable high-risk sociocultural groups in each country.

Global Suicide Mortality Rates – A Light at the End of the Tunnel?

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manoel Bertolote ◽  
Diego De Leo
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Suicide Mortality
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