TOWARDS AN EXPANDED MODEL OF TRANSCENDENT LEADERSHIP: SUBSTITUTES AND THE SOCIETAL LEVEL

This chapter studies the opportunities and challenges posed by the use of AI in how humans express and enact their sexualities. It first considers the idea of digisexuality, which according to some commentators is the identity label that should be applied to those whose primary sexual identity comes through the use of technology, particularly through the use of robotics and AI. The chapter questions whether it is necessary or socially desirable to see this as a new form of sexual identity. It then looks at the role that AI can play in facilitating human-to-human sexual contact, focusing in particular on the use of self-tracking and predictive analytics in optimizing sexual and intimate behavior. There are already a number of apps and services that promise to use AI to do this, but they pose a range of ethical risks that need to be addressed at both an individual and societal level. Finally, the chapter considers the idea that a sophisticated form of AI could be an object of love.

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Assessing Users’ Privacy and Security Concerns of Smart Home Technologies

i-com ◽

10.1515/icom-2019-0015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 197-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Verena Zimmermann ◽

Paul Gerber ◽

Karola Marky ◽

Leon Böck ◽

Florian Kirchbuchner

Keyword(s):

Smart Home ◽

Elderly Care ◽

Security And Privacy ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Privacy And Security ◽

Privacy Concerns ◽

Private Lives ◽

Societal Level ◽

Home Users

AbstractSmart Home technologies have the potential to increase the quality of life, home security and facilitate elderly care. Therefore, they require access to a plethora of data about the users’ homes and private lives. Resulting security and privacy concerns form a relevant barrier to adopting this promising technology. Aiming to support end users’ informed decision-making through addressing the concerns we first conducted semi-structured interviews with 42 potential and little-experienced Smart Home users. Their diverse concerns were clustered into four themes that center around attacks on Smart Home data and devices, the perceived loss of control, the trade-off between functionality and security, and user-centric concerns as compared to concerns on a societal level. Second, we discuss measures to address the four themes from an interdisciplinary perspective. The paper concludes with recommendations for addressing user concerns and for supporting developers in designing user-centered Smart Home technologies.

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Universal newborn hearing screening in South Africa: a single-centre study

BMJ Paediatrics Open ◽

10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000976 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. e000976

Author(s):

Ayanda Gina ◽

Nadja F Bednarczuk ◽

Asitha Jayawardena ◽

Peter Rea ◽

Qadeer Arshad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Auditory Brainstem ◽

Hearing Screening ◽

Newborn Hearing Screening ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Low Middle Income Countries ◽

Universal Newborn Hearing Screening ◽

Newborn Hearing ◽

Single Centre Study ◽

Societal Level

Hearing screening for newborn babies is an established protocol in many high-income countries. Implementing such screening has yielded significant socioeconomic advantages at both an individual and societal level. This has yet to permeate low/middle-income countries (LMIC). Here, we illustrate how newborn hearing screening needs to be contextually adapted for effective utilisation and implementation in an LMIC. Specifically, this advocates the use of auditory brainstem testing as the first-line approach. We propose that such adaptation serves to maximise clinical efficacy and community participation at a reduced cost.

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Housing adaptations and housing accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing spinal cord injury

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/0308022620979516 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 030802262097951

Author(s):

Lizette Norin ◽

Björn Slaug ◽

Maria Haak ◽

Susanne Iwarsson

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injuries ◽

Occupational Performance ◽

Environmental Barriers ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Societal Level ◽

The Individual

Introduction Adults with spinal cord injuries are living longer than previously, and a majority are living in ordinary housing in the community. Housing accessibility is important for maintaining independent occupational performance for this population, but knowledge in this area is insufficient. We investigated housing adaptations and current accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing (>10 years) spinal cord injuries. Method Data from home visits among 122 older adults with spinal cord injuries in Sweden were used. Housing adaptations and environmental barriers were descriptively analysed. Findings Kitchens, entrances, and hygiene areas were common locations for housing adaptations and environmental barriers that generated accessibility problems. The most common adaptations were ramps, wheelchair-accessible stovetops, and ceiling-lifts. Wall-mounted cupboards and high shelves (kitchen), inaccessible storage areas (outside the dwelling), and a lack of grab bars (hygiene area) generated the most accessibility problems. Conclusion Despite housing adaptations, there are considerable accessibility problems in the dwellings of older adults with long-standing spinal cord injuries in Sweden, indicating that long-term follow-up of the housing situation of this population is necessary. Focusing on accessible housing as a prerequisite for occupational performance is at the core of occupational therapy, deserving attention on the individual as well as the societal level.

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Student Perception of the Social Value of Responsible Management

Societies ◽

10.3390/soc11010016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Crisanta-Alina Mazilescu ◽

Laurent Auzoult-Chagnault ◽

Loredana Ileana Viscu ◽

Bernard Gangloff

Keyword(s):

Student Perception ◽

Gender Effect ◽

Social Value ◽

Social Utility ◽

Managerial Efficiency ◽

Responsible Management ◽

The Social ◽

Societal Level ◽

Technical University ◽

Organisational Level

In responsible management, managerial efficiency and sustainable development meet and influence each other. In order to give meaning to their organisation, to respect and look after their collaborators, a manager must promote a set of values on a personal, organisational and societal level. The purpose of this paper is to study the social value attributed to responsible management by students of a technical university. We have therefore undertaken to study a set of seven values attributed to responsible management and, more precisely, their utility and social desirability on a personal, organisational and societal level. The values have been operationalized with personality descriptors. The 60 participants in this study are students from a Romanian technical university. They had to assess, on four scales of seven points each (two for desirability and two for social utility), the value of a person characterised by one of the seven values attributed to responsible management. The results show us that efficiency is the value perceived by the students as being the most desirable for responsible management, and that in terms of social utility, agility is the most appreciated value. We found that there is indeed an effect of the context in which these values are perceived. Efficiency, audacity, dedication and integrity are perceived as more useful at an organisational level, while solidarity was perceived as more useful on a societal level. At the organisational level we also found a gender effect, in the sense that women appreciate people who are efficient, have integrity or are humble more than men do.

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Misogynistic Tweets Correlate With Violence Against Women

Psychological Science ◽

10.1177/0956797620968529 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 315-325

Author(s):

Khandis R. Blake ◽

Siobhan M. O’Dean ◽

James Lian ◽

Thomas F. Denson

Keyword(s):

Family Violence ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Multilevel Data ◽

Federal Bureau ◽

Federal Bureau Of Investigation ◽

American States ◽

Societal Level ◽

The Relationship ◽

Online Misogyny

How online social behavior covaries with real-world outcomes remains poorly understood. We examined the relationship between the frequency of misogynistic attitudes expressed on Twitter and incidents of domestic and family violence that were reported to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. We tracked misogynistic tweets in more than 400 areas across 47 American states from 2013 to 2014. Correlation and regression analyses found that misogynistic tweets were related to domestic- and family-violence incidents in those areas. A cross-lagged model showed that misogynistic tweets positively predicted domestic and family violence 1 year later; however, this effect was small. Results were robust to several known predictors of domestic violence. Our findings identify geolocated online misogyny as co-occurring with domestic and family violence. Because the longitudinal relationship between misogynistic tweets and domestic and family violence was small and conducted at the societal level, more research with multilevel data might be useful in the prediction of future violence.

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Sustainable life cycle offers through cooperation

Smart and Sustainable Built Environment ◽

10.1108/sasbe-02-2014-0010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 4-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Julia Selberherr

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Business Model ◽

Value Creation ◽

Business Models ◽

Service Providers ◽

Construction Sector ◽

Content Type ◽

New Business ◽

Societal Level

Purpose – Sustainable buildings bear enormous potential benefits for clients, service providers, and our society. To release this potential a change in business models is required. The purpose of this paper is to develop a new business model with the objective of proactively contributing to sustainable development on the societal level and thereby improving the economic position of the service providers in the construction sector. Design/methodology/approach – The modeling process comprises two steps, the formal structuring and the contextual configuration. In the formal structuring systems theory is used and two levels are analytically separated. The outside view concerns the business model’s interaction with the environment and its impact on sustainability. The inside view focusses on efficient value creation for securing sustainability. The logically deductively developed business model is subsequently theory-led substantiated with Giddens’ structuration theory. Findings – The relevant mechanisms for the development of a new service offer, which creates a perceivable surplus value to the client and contributes to sustainable development on the societal level, are identified. The requirements for an efficient value creation process with the objective of optimizing the service providers’ competitive position are outlined. Research limitations/implications – The model is developed logically deductively based on literature and embedded in a theoretical framework. It has not yet been empirically tested. Practical implications – Guidelines for the practical implementation of more sustainable business models for the provision of life cycle service offers are developed. Social implications – The construction industry’s impact requires it to contribute proactively to a more sustainable development of the society. Originality/value – This paper analyzes the role for the players in the construction sector in proactively contributing to sustainable development on the societal level. One feasible strategy is proposed with a new business model, which aims at cooperatively optimizing buildings and infrastructures and taking the responsibility for the operating phase via guarantees.

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