scholarly journals Internal Lower Incisor Morphology revealed by Computerized Microtomography.

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Carolina Lima ◽  
Lorena Magalhães ◽  
Marília Marceliano-Alves ◽  
Patrícia de Oliveira ◽  
Mariane Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Type I ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Lower Incisors

This study evaluated the internal morphology of lower incisors using computerized microtomography (micro-CT) images. Eighty-nine lower incisors were scanned by micro-CT and reconstructed with NRecon software. 2D parameters (perimeter, root length, circularity and canal diameter) and 3D parameters (volume, surface area and structure model index) were evaluated with CTAn and CTVol software. The results are presented descriptively. It was found that 89.9% of the canals had a single main root canal (type I), followed by type II (6.7%) and III (3.4%), while 5.6% of the specimens presented lateral canals and 1.1% had an apical delta. Mean volume and surface area were 31.80mm³ and 90.58mm², respectively. The most prevalent shape of the root canal at CEJ level was circular (41.6%) and 1mm from the apex, 73% of the samples were classified as oval. Lower incisors with internal anatomical variations may offer a high degree of technical complexity and may result in treatment failure.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Morpho-Geometrical Changes of the Root Canal System Produced by TF Adaptive vs. BioRace: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Loai Alsofi ◽  
Muhannad Al Harbi ◽  
Martin Stauber ◽  
Khaled Balto
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Type I ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Canal Surface ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Structure Model Index ◽  
Continuous Rotation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Root Canal System

We aimed to analyze the morpho-geometric changes of the root canal system created by two rotary systems (TF Adaptive and BioRace) using micro-CT technology. Two concepts of rotary file system kinematics, continuous rotation and adaptive kinematics, were used in root canal preparation. Twenty mandibular molars (n = 20) were selected with the following criteria: the teeth have mesial roots with a single and continuous isthmus connecting the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals (Vertucci’s Type I configuration) and distal roots with independent canals. Teeth were scanned at a resolution of 14 μm. Canals were divided equally into two groups and then enlarged sequentially using the BioRace system and TF Adaptive system according to manufacturer protocol. Co-registered images, before and after preparation, were evaluated for morphometric measurements of canal surface area, volume, structure model index, thickness, straightening, and un-instrumented surface area. Before and after preparation, data were statistically analyzed using a paired sample t-test. After preparation, data were analyzed using an unpaired sample test. The preparation by both systems significantly changed canal surface area, volume, structure model index, and thickness in both systems. There were no significant differences between instrument types with respect to these parameters (p > 0.05). TF Adaptive was associated with less straightening (8% compared with 17% for BioRace in the mesial canal, p > 0.05). Both instrumentation systems produced canal preparations with adequate geometrical changes. BioRace straightened the mesial canals more than TF Adaptive.

scholarly journals Analysis of the internal anatomy of mandibular molars using different cone-beam computed tomography protocols

RSBO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Flares Baratto-Filho ◽  
Nathaly Dias Morais ◽  
Kauhanna Vianna de Oliveira ◽  
Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho ◽  
Carla Castiglia Gonzaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Mandibular Molars ◽  
Type V ◽  
Level Of Agreement

The aim of this study was to analyze the root canal anatomy variations of permanent mandibular molars using three different cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) protocols. Material and methods: Thirty-five freshly extracted first and second mandibular molars were collected and subjected to three CBCT protocols: i-CAT Classic (ICC); i-CAT Next Generation (ICN), and PreXion 3D (PXD). Images were evaluated by two previously calibrated and experienced endodontists. The morphological root canal configurations were classified according to Vertucci. Data were analyzed for frequency, and the binomial and Kappa tests were then performed (α = 0.05). Results: ICC and ICN were able to diagnose a higher percentage of anatomical variations in the mesial roots. In this same root, Vertucci’s type V was the most prevalent, and in distal was the type I. In comparisons of CBCT techniques for agreement, significant differences in the mesial root canals were found in the following: ICC versus (vs) ICN; ICC vs PXD; and ICN vs PXD (p <0.001). However, there were no statistical differences in the distal root canals (p >0.05). The level of agreement in mesial roots was poor or absent, while in distal was moderate.

scholarly journals Microtomographic Evaluation of Canal Centralization and Dentine Removal after Canal Preparation with Two Rotary Systems: HyFlex EDM and ProTaper Next

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Ronquete ◽  
Alexandre Sigrist de Martin ◽  
Karin Zuim ◽  
Thais Machado de Carvalho Coutinho ◽  
Eduardo Fagury Videira Marceliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Apical Transportation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Objective This study compared the ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Sirona, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States) and HyFlex EDM (HEDM; Coltene/Whaledent AG, Alstätten, Switzerland) systems using micro–computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods Twenty-one mesial roots classified as Vertucci's type IV from extracted mandibular first molars with curvatures between 20 and 40 degrees were selected. The teeth were scanned using a micro-CT before and after root canal preparation by both systems, applied to the same root, in alternating canals. The following parameters were analyzed: canal centering, apical transportation, root canal diameter/root diameter. Results No statistically significant differences between both systems were observed for any of the assessed morphological parameters (p > 0.05). All canals presented diameter enlargement of more than 40% in relation to root diameter in the cervical and middle segments. No statistically significant difference was noted between the HEDM and PTN groups. The wear percentage for the HEDM group in the cervical and middle thirds were 49.66 ± 8.65 and 46.48 ± 14.29, respectively, and 51.02 ± 11.81 and 45.48 ± 10.79 for the PTN group, respectively. Conclusion Both systems displayed similar mandibular molar mesial canals preparation, with no differences noted for any of the assessed parameters. Both groups showed increased canal diameter in the cervical and middle thirds by more than 40%.

scholarly journals Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary First Premolar by Microscopic Computed Tomography in a Chinese Adolescent Subpopulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Liu ◽  
Meili Gao ◽  
Jianping Ruan ◽  
Qun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Canal Wall ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Root Canal Anatomy ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Chinese Adolescent

Objectives. To investigate the root morphology and root canal anatomy of maxillary first premolar using microscopic computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods. 324 maxillary first premolars were collected and scanned. The root and canal diameter, canal wall thickness, root taper, and cross-sectional shapes were determined in the single root with 1 canal (SR1C), single root with 2 canals (SR2C), and 2 roots with 2 canals (2R2C) by micro-CT. Results. The results showed that single-rooted maxillary premolars were more common than other types. The incidence of SR1C, SR2C, and 2R2C reached 25%, 26.39%, and 26.39%, respectively. Root and canal diameters and canal wall thickness were decreased from coronal third to apical foramen. The three parameters and canal taper showed increases from buccal and palatal (BP) to mesiodistal (MD) aspects. The root canal tapers were smallest of the middle third level. The findings showed the different variations in 2R2C teeth. The root canal cross-sectional morphology in maxillary first premolars is complicated, including round, oval, long oval, flat canal, and irregular canal shapes. The distribution varied in different aspects. Conclusion. Root canal morphology showed a wide variation and complicated structure. The single-rooted teeth were more common in the Chinese adolescent population, and the majority of maxillary first premolars have two canals.

scholarly journals In vitro analysis of the internal anatomy of lower incisors by cone beam computerized tomography

RSBO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-05
Author(s):  
Fabio de Almeida Gomes ◽  
Renata Ferreira Pinto Barbosa ◽  
Yvelise Aquino Mesquita ◽  
Cláudio Maniglia Ferreira ◽  
Renata Cordeiro Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Internal Anatomy ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Cone Beam Computerized Tomography ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Tomographic Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis ◽  
Lower Incisors

For the success of endodontic treatment, the knowledge of the internal anatomy becomes essential. Objective: to analyze the prevalence of lower incisor canals in a clinical and tomographic analysis. Material and methods: 148 lower incisors were used, measured, and evaluated through periapical radiograph and computed tomography. Results: in relation to the number of canals, 107 teeth (72.3%) presented a single canal, while 41 teeth (27.7%) presented two canals. Of the 41 teeth presenting 2 canals, 3 teeth presented independent canals (2.03%) and 38 teeth had 2 canals that joined at some point of the canal path (25.67%). Conclusion: The prevalence of two canals in the lower permanent human incisors was 27.7%; of these, 2.03% were independent. The main point of root canal union was at the apical third (20.94%). The most commonly found root canal shape was round in cervical third, flattened in middle third, and round in third apical.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of the Anatomy of Mesial Roots of Mandibular First Molars with Vertucci Type I Root Canal Configuration by Means of Micro-Computed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Ali Keleş ◽  
Cangül Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Root Canals

Aim:  This study aimed to evaluate root canal morphology of Vertucci type I root canal configuration detected in mesial roots of mandibular first molar teeth using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). Methodology: Micro-CT datasets of 269 specimens were evaluated for the detection of specimens with Vertucci type I root canal configuration for further analysis. Major and minor diameter, area, perimeter and roundness of root canal cross-sections at the beginning and midline of each root thirds were measured and recorded. The presence of apical delta, accessory canals, and deviation of major apical foramen from anatomical apex were investigated. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, ANOVA-Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis H-Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results: Vertucci type I canal configuration was present in the 4.46% of the specimens. The specimens often showed accessory root canals (50%) and apical deltas (41,6%). From the visual analysis of the 3D and 2D images, significant differences were detected among coronal, middle and apical thirds of the specimens regarding major and minor diameter, area, perimeter and roundness (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Three- and two-dimensional analyses of mesial roots with Vertucci type I canal configuration indicated that this type of configuration presents large buccolingual diameters with long oval shape and has isthmus at coronal and middle thirds. At the apical third the root canals often terminate in an oval cross sectional shape.   How to cite this article: Keles A, Keskin C. Quantitative analysis of the anatomy of mesial roots of mandibular first molars with Vertucci type I root canal configuration by means of micro-computed tomography. Int Dent Res 2020;10(1):17-21. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2020.vol10.no1.4   Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

In vitro analysis of the internal anatomy of lower incisors by cone beam computerized tomography

RSBO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Fabio De Almeida Gomes ◽  
Renata Ferreira Pinto Barbosa ◽  
Yvelise Aquino Mesquita ◽  
Cláudio Maniglia Ferreira ◽  
Renata Cordeiro Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Internal Anatomy ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Cone Beam Computerized Tomography ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Tomographic Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis ◽  
Lower Incisors

For the success of endodontic treatment, the knowledge of the internal anatomy becomes essential. Objective: to analyze the prevalence of lower incisor canals in a clinical and tomographic analysis. Material and methods: 148 lower incisors were used, measured, and evaluated through periapical radiograph and computed tomography. Results: in relation to the number of canals, 107 teeth(72.3%) presented a single canal, while 41 teeth (27.7%) presented two canals. Of the 41 teeth presenting 2 canals, 3 teeth presented independent canals (2.03%) and 38 teeth had 2 canals that joined at some point of the canal path (25.67%). Conclusion: The prevalence of two canals in the lower permanent human incisors was 27.7%; of these, 2.03% were independent. The main point of root canal union was at the apical third (20.94%). The most commonly found root canal shape was round in cervical third, flattened in middle third, and round in third apical.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Palatal Furcation Groove and Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary First Premolar: A CBCT and Micro-CT Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Liu ◽  
Meili Gao ◽  
Qingxia Bai ◽  
Jianping Ruan ◽  
Qun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Wall Width ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
The Mean

Objectives. This study is aimed at investigating the root and root canal morphology by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and palatal furcation groove of the buccal root by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) of maxillary first premolars in a Chinese subpopulation. Methods. This study assessed CBCT images of 440 patients aged 14-80 years. Based on Vertucci’s classification, the number of roots and the canal configuration were determined. Forty-eight maxillary first premolars with furcation grooves were analyzed by micro-CT in patients aged 18-25 years. Results. Based on the CBCT assay, 70.22% and 29.32% of maxillary first premolars were 1 root and 2 roots, respectively. The configuration indicated statistical difference ( P < 0.05 ) between male and female patients. The most common canal type was type IV and was found in 44.32% of cases, followed by type I in 27.84%, and then type II in 20.57%. Root bifurcations had 40.13% prevalence which was distributed more in the middle third than in the cervical and the apical third. For the micro-CT study, 95.83% of the furcation groove configuration was found in the bifurcated maxillary first premolars. The length varied from 1.02 to 7.63 mm. The mean depth of this groove was 0.57 mm in the root coronal, 0.47 mm in the root middle, and 0.22 mm in the root apical level. Palatal dentin width was smaller than 1 mm. Conclusion. The anatomy of the root and root canal system and the irregular wall width of maxillary first premolars with furcation grooves may help dentists to understand the anatomical morphology and improve the outcomes of endodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Micro-CT Evaluation of Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular First Premolars with Radicular Grooves

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Boschetti ◽  
Yara Terezinha Correa Silva-Sousa ◽  
Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves ◽  
Graziela Bianchi Leoni ◽  
Marco Aurélio Versiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Percentage Frequency ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Ct Evaluation ◽  
Dimensional Parameters

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological features of 70 single-rooted mandibular first premolars with radicular grooves (RG) using micro-CT technology. Teeth were scanned and evaluated regarding the morphology of the roots and root canals as well as length, depth and percentage frequency location of the RG. Volume, surface area and Structure Model Index (SMI) of the canals were measured for the full root length. Two-dimensional parameters and frequency of canal orifices were evaluated at 1, 2, and 3 mm levels from the apical foramen. The number of accessory canals, the dentinal thickness, and cross-sectional appearance of the canal at different root levels were also recorded. Expression of deep grooves was observed in 21.42% of the sample. Mean lengths of root and RG were 13.43 mm and 8.5 mm, respectively, while depth of the RG ranged from 0.75 to 1.13 mm. Mean canal volume, surface area and SMI were 10.78 mm3, 58.51 mm2, and 2.84, respectively. Apical delta was present in 4.35% of the sample and accessory canals were observed mostly at the middle and apical thirds. Two-dimensional parameters indicated an oval-shaped cross-sectional appearance of the root canal with a high percentage frequency of canal divisions (87.15%). Canal configuration type V (58.57%) was the most prevalent. C-shaped configuration was observed in 13 premolars (18.57%), whereas dentinal thickness ranged from 1.0 to 1.31 mm. Radicular grooves in mandibular first premolars was associated with the occurrence of several anatomical complexities, including C-shaped canals and divisions of the main root canal.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of dentin volume removal and centralization of the root canal after shaping with the ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Gold, and One-Curve instruments using micro-CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Hatice Yalniz ◽  
Mehrdad Koohnavard ◽  
Aysenur Oncu ◽  
Berkan Celikten ◽  
Ayse Isil Orhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Coronal Section ◽  
Canal Transportation

Background. The main goal of our study was to assess the volume of dentin removed and transportation in root canals using ProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper Gold (PTG) and One-Curve (OC). Ni-Ti rotary instruments in extracted human teeth using by micro-CT. Methods: Thirty human upper 1st premolar teeth with two separate root canals and sturdy, mature root tips were used in the present study. Specimens were decoronated and root length was standardized for micro CT scanning before root canal preparation done. The teeth were randomly separated into three categories (n = 10) according to the rotary NiTi system used for canal instrumentation, i.e., PTU (Dentsply, Maillefer), PTG (Dentsply, Maillefer), and OC (Micro-Mega SA). After root canal preparation, samples were scanned again on micro-CT by the same scanning parameters. Surface area, canal volume, structure model index (SMI), percentage of uninstrumented area and transportation parameters were obtained for each sample before and after micro-CT analyse. Results: No significant differences between the PTG and PTU in terms of the total volume of removed dentin, surface area and percentage of uninstrumented areas were found. However, regarding to parameters above, OC showed a lower efficacy than PTG and PTU in coronal section. Regarding canal transportation, PTG and OC showed lower mean transportation values at all levels. Conclusion: This paper demonstrated the root canal shaping abilities of the PTU, PTG, and OC NiTi file systems. The PTG and OC systems were associated less canal transportation and a better ability to preserve dentinal walls than PTU. There was no significance different between all rotary file systems for SMI values however, PTU and PTG showed greater canal volume and surface area change than OC file systems in coronal section.

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