SYNERGISTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE ACTIVITIES OF METANOL, HEXANE, ETHYL ACETATE AND WATER EXTRACTS OF ALOE VERA AND HYPTIS SUAVEOLENS AGAINST INFECTIONS OF A PROTOZOAN; GIARDIA LAMBLIA AMONG CHILDREN WITH DIRRHOEA

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Omammegbe ◽  
Samaila Adamu ◽  
Panda Mao ◽  
Abdullahi Aliyu ◽  
Sahal R
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Hyptis Suaveolens

scholarly journals Screening for Antimicrobial Activities of Metanollic Extracts of Aloe vera and Hyptis suaveolens against Co-infections of Giardia lamblia and Salmonella among Diarrhoeagenic Children

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omammegbe Abdulrahman ◽  
Adamu B. Samaila ◽  
S. M. Panda ◽  
Abdullahi Aliyu ◽  
M. R. Sahal
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Hyptis Suaveolens

The antimicrobial and Phytochemicals activities of methanol extracts obtained from Aloe vera and Hyptis suaveolens plants were investigated individually and combined in an attempt to evaluate their medicinal potentials and efficacies on protozoan; Giardia lamblia and bacteria; Salmonella species as co-infections causing diarrhoea in under five populations in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols. Antimicrobial activity was determined against Giardia lamblia and Salmonella species; anti-giardial activity, an in-vitro susceptibility assays method was performed and antibacterial activity was carried out by Kirby-Bauer method. The parasites mortality was determined by counting in hemocytometer under a light microscope and the zone of inhibition diameter produced against the bacteria were determined, expressed as mean ±SEM (Standard Error of Mean) and the differences between means were statistically analyzed and compared. The results obtained showed that methanol extracts of Aloe vera and Hyptis suaveolens singly used and in combinations had inhibitory effects on Giardia lamblia and Salmonella species. In all cases, the extractions, plants, concentrations and time were determinant factors for the anti-giardial and antibacterial activity. Anti-giardial activity was best recorded with extracts of Aloe vera which showed anti-giardial activity of (0.002±0.553), and activity was greater in combined Aloe vera and Hyptis suaveolens which showed anti-giardial activity of (0.002±0.679). Also, antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of these plants on Salmonella species, showed higher zone of inhibitions diameter with extracts of Aloe vera (0.895±20.17) and the efficacy becomes higher with the combined Aloe vera and Hyptis suaveolens which zone of inhibitions is (0.423±27.50).

scholarly journals Potential Anticancer Activity of Crude Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate, and Water Extracts of Ephedra foeminea on Human Osteosarcoma U2OS Cell Viability and Migration

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Eric Zadok Mpingirika ◽  
Ahmed El Hosseiny ◽  
Sheri Magdy Saleeb Bakheit ◽  
Rami Arafeh ◽  
Asma Amleh
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
U2os Cell ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Human Osteosarcoma ◽  
And Migration

Medicinal plants are potential sources for a wide range of complex compounds with probable anticancer activity. Ephedra foeminea Forssk. (E. foeminea), a medicinal plant found in the Eastern Mediterranean, has recently been gaining popularity as a cancer remedy; there is, however, a paucity of empirical evidence supporting this claim. In this study, the effect of E. foeminea ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water crude extracts on viability, migratory ability, and the steady-state mRNA levels of genes involved in these processes was, respectively, examined using MTT assay, wound healing assay, and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). The study concludes that all extracts significantly reduce human osteosarcoma U2OS percentage viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with varying potencies. The least half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was observed in the water extract after 48 h incubation (30.761±1.4 μg/mL) followed by the ethyl acetate extract after 72 h incubation (80.35±1.233 μg/mL) and finally the ethanol extract after 48 h incubation (97.499±1.188 μg/mL). Ethanol extract significantly reduced U2OS percentage wound closure. On the other hand, both ethanol and water extracts considerably reduced the steady-state mRNA expression of beta-catenin, promoting both cell proliferation and migration in osteosarcoma by regulating target genes. Additionally, E. foeminea showed no hemolytic activity. These effects suggest that E. foeminea decreases U2OS cell viability and migratory ability by modulating the expression of critical genes involved in regulating these processes and is likely cytocompatible with human erythrocytes.

A comparative in vitro and in silico study of the biological potential and chemical fingerprints of Dorcycinum pentapyllum subsp. haussknechtii using three extraction procedures

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (22) ◽  
pp. 13952-13960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sengul Uysal ◽  
Abdurrahman Aktumsek ◽  
Carene M. N. Picot ◽  
Alime Sahan ◽  
Adriano Mollica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Extraction Procedures ◽  
Chemical Fingerprints ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
In Silico Study

Ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts prepared by maceration, Soxhlet, and ultrasonication were profiled and studied using in vitro and in silico methodologies.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of Anthurium Hookerii leaves Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Atmira Sariwati ◽  
Inayah Fitri ◽  
Adi Setyo Purnomo ◽  
Sri Fatmawati
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Many plants of the family of Araceae possess significant benefit as medicinal plants. Anthurium hookerii is herbaceous genus of the family of Araceae. A. hookerii leaves were extracted with five dissimilarity solvents (methanolic, water, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and dichloromethane). The extracts were evaluated for their phytochemical, total phenolic contents, and antibacterial potential. The presences of tannins and saponins were found in all crude extracts. The steroid was only found in dichloromethane extract, whereas flavonoid was obtained in methanol and water extracts. Besides; methanol, ethyl acetate, water, and n-hexane extracts showed triterpenoid contents. Alkaloid presences in ethyl acetate, methanolic, dichloromethane, and water extracts. The total phenol content was examined by Follin-Ciocalteu assay, which varied from 9.52-76.56 mg/g GAE. The highest total phenolic was found in methanol extract. Antioxidant activity was calculated based on diphenyl picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging ability that showed the scavenging activity with range 7.24-66.11%, which the methanoilic extract have the excellent antioxidant potential (IC50 232.90 µg/ml). Antibacterial activity of leaves extracts of A. hookerii was screened based on disc diffusion method. Water extract showed the wide spectrum antibacterial potential. Klebsiella sp., Bacillus subtilis, Pripioni agnes, and Strepticoccus mutans with maximum diameter of inhibition zone 10.30, 14.20, 9.60, and 15.10 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals In-vitro potential of crude extracts of selected garden herbs for mastitis management in Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Joshua Ngwisha ◽  
◽  
Mulemba T. Samutela ◽  
Mbawe Zulu ◽  
Wizaso Mwasinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Herbal Formulation ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Agar Dilution

Introduction: The advent of bovine mastitis associated antimicrobial resistance has necessitated development of alternative herbal remedies. In this study, we tested, in-vitro, the antimicrobial efficacy of three crude extracts: (1) aqueous, (2) ethanol and (3) ethyl acetate extracts of Zambian cultivated Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) and Curcuma longa (Turmeric) and also made comparisons to synthetic anti-mastitis formulations. Methods: The active compounds of these herbs were obtained as crude extracts using water, ethanol and ethyl acetate as solvents. The test microbes comprised of ten standard controls including Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 84 field isolates (all gram positive bacteria) from clinical and subclinical mastitis milk samples from selected districts of the Southern Province of Zambia belonging to the genera Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus and Lactobacillus. The agar dilution method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity by observing the sensitivity which was graded as sensitive, intermediate or resistant. Commercial synthetic anti-mastitis preparations served as positive controls and their sensitivity was compared to that of the herbal preparations. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of the herbal formulation was also determined using two-fold serial dilutions. Results: The agar dilution test results of the field isolates indicated 18.8% resistance, 25.3% intermediate and 56% sensitivity for the herbal extracts, while the synthetic anti-mastitis preparation averaged 16.8% resistance, 4.75% intermediate and 78.5% sensitivity. The gram negative controls tested were generally resistant. On average, the agar dilution trials revealed; 41.8% resistance, 13% intermediate and 45.3% sensitivity for the herbal formulation while the synthetic antimicrobials produced 23.5% resistance, 5.2% intermediate and 71.3% sensitivity. Mean MIC was 11.5mg/ml at the 5% serial dilution for the herbal extract compared to the Cephalexin (semi-synthetic antimicrobial) MIC for S. aureus at 0.5mg/L or 0.0005mg/ml. Conclusion: The herbs Aloe vera and Curcuma longa from Zambia showed antimicrobial efficacy on bovine mastitis causing microbes and may be used as a cheaper alternative to synthetic anti-mastitis preparations and as an aid to fight antimicrobial resistance to the benefit of the most affected and resource limited small-scale dairy farmers.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT VARIATIONS OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF LAURUS NOBILIS L. FROM MOROCCO

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Taroq ◽  
Fatima El Kamari ◽  
Imane Aouam ◽  
Yassine El Atki ◽  
Badiaa Lyoussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: The present study was undertaken to determine antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Laurus nobilis L.Methods: Antioxidant properties were measured using three tests: Free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reduction of molybdate, and reducing (Fe3+/Fe2+) power. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was measured by Folin–Ciocalteu and rutin reagent, respectively.Results: The results showed that both the ethanol and water extracts had greater antioxidant activity than ethyl acetate. Aqueous extract exhibited a higher DPPH radical scavenging and reducing molybdate 545.83±5.89 mg equivalent to ascorbic acid/g dry extract. The strong antioxidant activity of water extract was probably due to its high content of phenols. Furthermore, ethanol and water extracts showed higher total flavonoid content with the values: 153.33±3.59 and 127.25±2.60 mg equivalent rutin/g dry extract, respectively.Conclusion: Our results suggested a potent and excellent antioxidant activity of L. nobilis L. extracts of Morocco. Further research has to be done to isolate the pure bioactive compound and could be considered as a potential source of biomolecules for pharmaceutical and food industry.

scholarly journals Bioassay-Guided Discovery of Potential Partial Extracts with Cytotoxic Effects on Liver Cancer Cells from Vietnamese Medicinal Herbs

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1956
Author(s):  
Hien Minh Nguyen ◽  
Nhi Yen Thi Nguyen ◽  
Nghia Trong Ngoc Chau ◽  
Anh Bao Thi Nguyen ◽  
Van Kieu Thi Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activity ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Hyptis Suaveolens ◽  
Hcc Cells

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent type of primary liver cancer and is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Vietnam. Our study aims to discover the partial extracts with the potential cytotoxic effects on HCC cells from the different parts of 24 Vietnamese medicinal plants traditionally used in liver cancer treatment. Out of 52 crude methanol extracts, we found that Luvunga scandens leaves, Hyptis suaveolens roots, and Solanum torvum leaves showed the notable cytotoxic effects against HCC cells. After that, we carried out partial extract of the three methanol extracts with ethyl acetate, water, n-hexane, and 90% methanol. The cytotoxic activity on Huh-7 HCC cells, antioxidant capacity, and total flavonoids content (TFC) of each partial extraction were determined. Methanol, ethyl acetate, and 90% methanol extracts showed moderate to strong cytotoxicity activity against Huh-7 HCC cells. Notably, the ethyl acetate and 90% methanol extract from H. suaveolens roots with high TFC values and strong antioxidant capacity could be promising sources of novel therapeutic modalities for HCC treatment. For the leaves of L. scandens and S. torvum, the ethyl acetate extract showed high TFC value and promising anti-HCC activity, therefore recommended further studies.

scholarly journals Uji Toksisitas dan Uji Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol Petroleum Eter Etil Asetat dan Air Tepung Gabah Pelepah Aren (Arenga pinnata)

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Meiske Sangi ◽  
Julius Pontoh
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Negative Conclusion

Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji toksisitas tepung pelepah aren yang diawali dengan maserasi dengan pelarut etanol kemudian difraksinasi dengan petroleum eter, etil asetat dan air. Masing-masing ekstrak dilakukan uji toksisitas dan uji fitokimia. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengujian toksisitas adalah Brine Shrimpt Lethality Test (BSLT) dengan menggunakan larva udang jenis Artemia salina Leach sebagai bioindikator dan uji fitokimia. Hasil uji toksisitas ekstrak etil asetat tepung pelepah aren adalah bersifat sangat toksik dengan nilai LC50 < 1000 ppm (7,76 ppm) yang diikuti oleh ekstrak petroleum eter 10,69 ppm kemudian ekstrak etanol 15,81 ppm dan terakhir ekstrak air 26,92 ppm. Hasil uji fitokimia tepung pelepah aren mengandung beberapa senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu alkaloid pada ekstrak etanol, petroleum eter, etil asetat dan air, triterpenoid hanya pada ekstrak etanol, petroleum eter dan etil asetat sedangkan ekstrak air negatif. Selanjutnya tanin yang positif adalah ekstrak etanol, etil asetat dan air sedangkan petroleum eter negatif. Kesimpulan tepung pelepah aren toksik terhadap larva udang artemia salina Leach dan mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid, triterpenoid dan taninThe purpose of this study was to examine the toxicity of Aren’s midrib flour that was preceded by maceration with ethanol solvent then concentrated and fractionated with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water. Each extract was tested for toxicity and phytochemical testing. The method used for toxicity testing is the Brine Shrimpt Lethality Test (BSLT) by using artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae as bioindicators and phytochemical tests. The results of the toxicity test of the ethyl acetate extract of aren’s midrib flour are very toxic with LC50 value <1000 ppm (7.76 ppm) followed by petroleum ether extract 10.69 ppm then ethanol extract 15.81 ppm and finally water extract 26.92 ppm. The results of phytochemical tests of aren’s midrib flour contain several secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids in ethanol extract, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water, triterpenoids only in ethanol extract, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate while negative water extracts. Furthermore, for tannins that are positive are ethanol, ethyl acetate and water extracts while petroleum ether is negative. Conclusion Aren’s midrib flour is toxic to the larvae of shrimp artemia salina Leach and contains secondary metabolites of alkaloids, triterpenoids and tannins 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document