Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine ratio is an independent predictor for upper gastro-intestinal bleeding even in high prevalence chronic kidney disease population

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Asri Jusoh ◽  
Ikram Ishak ◽  
Abdul Karim ◽  
Kushairi Zuradi ◽  
Izzat Awang
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Intestinal Bleeding ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Population

Prognostic Value of Admission Blood Urea Nitrogen/Creatinine Ratio in Patients with STEMI Undergoing Late Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caijuan Dong ◽  
Yanbo Xue ◽  
Yan Fan ◽  
Ruochen Zhang ◽  
Yunfei Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Cardiac Mortality ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Objective: Numerous patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), especially in developing countries, undergo late percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), defined as time of PCI > 24 hours from symptom onset. This study is aimed to identify the predictive value of admission blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) on long-term all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality in STEMI patients receiving late PCI. Methods: Eligible STEMI patients who received late PCI between 2009 and 2011 were consecutively enrolled. They were classified into two groups based on the median BUN/Cr: low BUN/Cr group and high BUN/Cr group. Patients were followed up by phone or face to face interviews and medical records review. The primary endpoint was defined as all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality. Results: 780 STEMI patients were enrolled finally. The median BUN/Cr was 14.29. The median follow-up period was 41 months, with 37 all-cause deaths and 25 cardiac deaths. Compared to the low BUN/Cr group, high BUN/Cr group had higher all-cause mortality (6.4% vs. 3.1%, P=0.029), and cardiac mortality (6.3% vs. 1.5%, P<0.001). The Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that high BUN/Cr at admission was an independent predictor of long-term cardiac mortality (P=0.003), but not of all-cause mortality (P=0.077). Conclusions: High BUN/Cr ratio at admission was an independent predictor of cardiac mortality in STEMI patients receiving late PCI. Brief Summary: In a retrospective study of STEMI patients receiving late PCI, we found that high BUN/Cr ratio (BUN/Cr>14.29) at admission was an independent predictor of long-term cardiac mortality, but not of all-cause mortality. The study showed that BUN/Cr ratio could be a potential indicator of risk stratification models for STEMI patients undergoing late PCI.

scholarly journals The Effect of Alopurinol on Blood Urea Nitrogen and Creatinine Serum Levels in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Miftakhul Huda ◽  
Pulong Wijang Pralampita ◽  
Dini Agustina ◽  
Cholis Abrori ◽  
Septa Surya Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a structural and function disorder of renal for > 3 months with implications for individual health. CKD has become a health problem throughout the world and its implementation provides a considerable economic burden on the health system. The decreasing value of GFR (glomerular filtration rate) in CKD can cause uric acid retention so that serum uric acid levels increase (hyperuricemia). Hyperuricemia can occur due to an increase in urinary metabolism (overproduction), a decrease in uric acid expenditure (underexcretion), or a combination of both. The group of antihyperuricemic drugs that have good effectiveness and long-term safety is xanthine oxidase inhibitors. The commonly used xanthine oxidase inhibitor drug is allopurinol. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an effect of allopurinol on kidney function in CKD patients. The results of this study are expected to provide input in the treatment of hyperuricemia in CKD patients and reduce the progression of CKD. This study used a retrospective observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was CKD patients from January 2018 to January 2019 at Bina Sehat Hospital Jember. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. This study uses secondary data obtained from medical records of CKD patients at Bina Sehat Hospital Jember. Secondary data obtained in the form of identity data and the results of laboratory tests of patients. The medical record data that has been obtained is distributed and analyzed using a paired T-test to compare the mean or mean differences of the two groups in pairs. The bivariate test results for blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels in CKD patients were obtained p <0.001. Based on these results there is a significant relationship between blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels before and after consuming allopurinol. The conclusion was that allopurinol was shown to be able to provide an effect on the kidney function of CKD patients based on blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, hyperuricemia, allopurinol

scholarly journals The Chronic Kidney Disease and Acute Kidney Injury Involvement in COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Fei Liu ◽  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Li Pan ◽  
Guo-Lan Xing ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Severe Group

ABSTRACTAimThe aim of this study was to uncover whether kidney diseases were involved in COVID-19 pandemic from a systematic review.MethodsThe studies reported the kidney outcomes in different severity of COVID-19 were included in this study. Standardized mean differences or odds ratios were calculated by employing Review Manager meta-analysis software.ResultsThirty-six trials were included in this systematic review with a total of 6395 COVID-19 patients. The overall effects indicated that the comorbidity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR = 3.28), complication of acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR = 11.02), serum creatinine (SMD = 0.68), abnormal serum creatinine (OR = 4.86), blood urea nitrogen (SMD = 1.95), abnormal blood urea nitrogen (OR = 6.53), received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (OR = 23.63) was significantly increased in severe group than that in nonsevere group. Additionally, the complication of AKI (OR = 13.92) and blood urea nitrogen (SMD = 1.18) were remarkably elevated in critical group than that in severe group.ConclusionCKD and AKI are susceptible to occur in patients with severe COVID-19. CRRT is applied frequently in severe COVID-19 patients than that in nonsevere COVID-19 patients. The risk of AKI is higher in critical group than that in severe group.

Correlation between breath ammonia and blood urea nitrogen levels in chronic kidney disease and dialysis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 036002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Chiang Chen ◽  
Ju-Chun Hsieh ◽  
Cheng-Han Chao ◽  
Wei-Shun Yang ◽  
Hui-Teng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Levels

Blood Urea Nitrogen Levels to Verify Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, as Derived from 2 Commonly Used Equations

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-305
Author(s):  
Sheng-Feng Lin ◽  
Hao-En Teng ◽  
Hsiu-Chen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Ckd Stage

Abstract Background A blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (BCR) of 20 or greater indicates various physiological conditions. Whether glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimates obtained using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) study equations are affected by a high BCR remains unknown. Methods Patients who underwent urine creatinine clearance (CrCl) and serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine assessments on the same day were enrolled in our study. Those with BCR of 20 or greater and less than 20 were categorized into high- and low-BCR groups. The concordance on diagnosing chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages by using urine CrCl level and serum GFR estimates was assessed. Results More disagreement in CKD stage diagnosis was observed in the high-BCR group (weighted κ = 0.600 and 0.541 for the MDRD and CKD-EPI study equations, respectively) than in the low-BCR group (weighted κ = 0.816 and 0.758, respectively). Conclusions A BCR of 20 or greater caused misestimation of the CKD stage. GFR estimates for patients with high BCR should be interpreted cautiously.

scholarly journals URINARY LEAD CONCENTRATION IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS AT NEPHROLOGY CLINIC IN SABAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Crisdy Enting ◽  
Shamsul Bahari Shamsudin ◽  
Khamisah Awang Lukman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Urinary Lead ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Group

Presently, scientific knowledge on the association between urinary lead concentration and renal profile is limited, especially on the characteristic of urinary lead that could aggravate existing kidney disease. This study aims to determine the concentration of urinary lead with serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in chronic kidney disease patients and to identify the influences of confounding factors and the blood pressure on the chronic kidney disease patients. Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer was used to determine the urinary lead concentration. The differences and correlation of urinary lead with serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and diastolic blood pressure between the chronic kidney disease patients and control groups were assessed using Mann Whitney U and Spearman correlation tests. Our findings indicated a significantly higher urinary lead concentration in the chronic kidney disease group compared to the control group (p-=0.002). Nevertheless, there is a weak relationship between urinary lead with serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and diastolic blood pressure in the chronic kidney disease group (r values: -0.123, 0.101, and 0.127). In addition, sociodemographic factors did not influence the concentration of urinary lead (p>0.05). The urinary lead concentration in the chronic kidney disease group is not substantial, thus the evidence of urinary lead accumulation in chronic kidney disease group who have yet to start renal replacement therapy is inconclusive.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Simple Equation to Evaluate Dietary Protein Intake Using the Blood Urea Nitrogen/Serum Creatinine Ratio in Patients With Stage 3 Chronic Kidney Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Wang ◽  
Zujiao Chen ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Jianteng Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Simple Equation ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

Abstract Background: A simple, effective and convenient method to assess dietary protein intake (DPI) for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is urgently needed in clinical practice. We developed a simple equation to evaluate DPI in patients with stage 3 CKD with the blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/serum creatinine (SCr) ratio (BUN/SCr).Methods: In a prospective cohort of 136 inpatients with stage 3 CKD from 2 centres, we developed estimation equations based on BUN/SCr and the spot urinary urea nitrogen (UUN)/urinary creatinine (UCr) ratio (UUN/UCr) in combination with sex and body mass index (BMI). These equations were then internally and externally validated.Results: The following candidate parameters were derived from univariate regression analysis for 5 established models: sex, BMI, BUN/SCr, UUN and UUN/UCr. Sex and BMI were included in all models after variable evaluation using multiple regression analysis. UUN, UUN/UCr and BUN/SCr were included in model 3, model 4 and model 5, respectively. Both internal validation and external validation indicated that model 5 resulted in the lowest values of bias and root mean square error and the highest P30 compared with model 3 and model 4. Therefore, the model 5 equation, DPI= -5.18 (-14.49 if the patient is female) +1.89×BMI+1.38×BUN/SCr, was selected because of the higher correlation [r = 0.498 (95% confidence interval 0.163,0.719)] and the smaller distribution of the difference between the predicted and measured protein intakes than those of the other models.Conclusion: The DPI equation developed using BUN/SCr, sex and BMI may be used to estimate protein intake for patients with stage 3 CKD.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry Center (ChiCTR-ROC-17011363). Registered in 11 May 2017, Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx

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