Prenatal androgens and autistic, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and disruptive behavior disorders traits

2020 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hatice Güneş ◽  
Canan Tanıdır ◽  
Hilal Doktur ◽  
Zerrin Önal ◽  
Esra Kutlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Disruptive Behavior ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Behavior Disorders ◽  
Disruptive Behavior Disorders ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Prenatal Androgens

Pharmacological Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Disruptive Behavior Disorders

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Kass ◽  
Jonathan E. Posner ◽  
Laurence L. Greenhill
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Disruptive Behavior ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Behavior Disorders ◽  
Disruptive Behavior Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Randomized Controlled

More than 225 placebo-controlled type 1 investigations demonstrate that psychostimulants are highly effective in reducing core symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adults. In contrast, there are limited type I studies demonstrating that psychopharmacological management with U.S. Food & Drug Administration-approved agents for ADHD (stimulants and nonstimulants), atypical antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers decrease the defiant and aggressive behavior characteristic of disruptive behavior disorders. Stimulant treatment evidence has been supplemented by two large multisite randomized controlled trials. Randomized controlled trials from the past 15 years continue to report several key adverse events associated with stimulants but have not supported rarer and more serious problems. Although psychostimulants have been shown to retain their efficacy for as long as 14 months, their long-term academic and social benefits are not as robust. Nonstimulant agents for which there is more limited evidence of efficacy include atomoxetine, alpha-agonists, modafinil, and bupropion.

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