The Impact of Money Demand Motivation on Money Supply Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Arin Jannah Dinonasih ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Money Demand ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Precautionary Motive ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares Method ◽  
Annual Period

This study aims to investigate the impact of money demand motive on a money supply based on keyness theory. The method used in this study is the ordinary least squares method with an annual period from 2011 to 2020. We find that In Indonesia, the money demand motive has a significant effect on money supply where the transaction motive has a significant negative relationship with the money supply. A precautionary motive has a significant positive correlation with the money supply. The motive of speculation has a significant positive relationship with the money supply.

scholarly journals Impact of Tourism Sector on Gross Domestic Product Growth in Jordan

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Khaled Abdalla Moh'd AL-Tamimi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares Method

This study investigates the impact of development of tourism sector on GDP growth rate in Jordan by depending on annual statistics for the period (2010 – 2017); as receipts of tourism sector percentage to exports, arrivals of tourists and expenditures of tourism sector percentage to imports are independent variables, while growth rate of GDP (an indicator of economic growth), is a dependent variable. This paper begins with theoretical studies that analyze the impact of development of tourism sector on GDP growth rate, and empirical studies to analyze this impact. After that, it analyzes the impact of development of tourism sector on GDP growth rate in Jordan by depending on annual statistics for the period (2010 – 2017) by depending on ordinary least squares method by SPSS version. The study finds insignificant impacts of receipts of tourism sector percentage to exports and arrivals of tourists on GDP growth rate in Jordan by depending on annual statistics for the period 2010 to 2017, but there is a negative and significant impact of expenditures of tourism sector percentage to imports on GDP growth rate in Jordan by depending on annual statistics for the period 2010 to 2017. The study recommends decreasing expenditures of tourism sector due to their negative impacts on GDP growth rate.

scholarly journals The effect of production costs on the provisioning management of materials: Evidence from paper industry in Peru

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis-Ricardo Flores-Vilcapoma ◽  
Yuri Sanchez-Solis ◽  
Wagner Vicente-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Supply Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares Method

This paper presents an empirical investigation to evaluate the impact of purchase, storage and inventory management on the production costs of materials supply management in the Peruvian paper industry. A linear regression model was used under the ordinary least squares method to determine the causal relationship between the provisioning of materials and production costs. It was concluded that the evaluation of the effect between the study variables was inversely proportional, that is, as the management of purchase, storage, and inventory in companies improve, the production costs may also be reduced.

scholarly journals Independent Generated Revenue of Three Tiers of Government and Money Supply in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Cordelia Onyinyechi Omodero
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong><em>Aim/Purpose:</em></strong><em> The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence on the impact of independent generated revenue of the three tiers of government on money supply in Nigeria.</em></p><p><strong><em>Design/methodology/approach:</em></strong><em> The study employs ex post facto research design and makes use of annual time series data spanning from 1981 to 2017. The data have been sourced from CBN Statistical Bulletin 2017 edition and CBN Annual Reports while Ordinary Least Squares method is used to carry out the analysis with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.</em></p><p><strong><em>Findings:</em></strong><em> The results of the study indicate that Federal Government Independent Revenue (FGIR) and State government Independent Revenue (SGIR) influence money supply positively and significantly. On the contrary, the Local Government Independent Revenue has an insignificant negative impact on money supply.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research implications/Limitations:</em></strong><em> The implication of this finding is that if independent generated revenue under the jurisdiction of Local Government Councils in Nigeria is not properly regulated by the Monetary Authority in the country through a well-structured monetary policy measures, it will adversely affect the money supply. </em></p><p><strong><em>Originality/value/contribution:</em></strong><em> this study has been able to establish the influence of independent revenue of each tier of government in Nigeria on money supply. Most importantly, the study finds evidence that independent generated revenue of local government councils in Nigeria does not have positive influence on money supply in the country. Therefore, the study suggests that monetary policies in the country should incorporate local government optimal management of revenue to avoid unfavorable economic situations such as inflation which is prompted by too much money circulating in an economy.</em></p>

scholarly journals The Impact of New Rural Cooperative Insurance on Migrant Workers' Consumption: Empirical Analysis Based on China Migrants Dynamic Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Huang ◽  
Jinhong Jiang ◽  
Qishui Chi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Young Group ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares Method

Based on the data from the National Health Commission of China, this paper analyzes the impact of the new rural cooperative medical insurance on the household consumption of migrant workers by using the ordinary least squares method and the propensity score matching method. The study found that the average annual per capita consumption of participating migrant workers decreased by 3.5%, and the influence of NCMS on the consumption of different groups of migrant workers was significantly different, among which, the negative impact of consumption of low-income group, young group and group with high degree of urban integration is significant. Based on the analysis of the consumption mechanism of NCMS and the heterogeneity of migrant workers, this paper puts forward some differentiated insurance policy suggestions.

Globalization, Poverty, Environmental Degradation and Economic Growth Nexus: Empirical Analysis of SAARC Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adiqa Kiani ◽  
Ejaz Ullah ◽  
Khair Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of poverty, globalization, and environmental degradation on economic growth in the selected SAARC countries. This study is employed panel Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) technique for empirical analysis using selected SAARC regions including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka over the period of 1980 to 2018. Globalization impacts economic growth positively and significantly.  In addition to this the significant negative relationship is found between population and economic growth. The results show that poverty is positively related with environmental degradation. Furthermore, the results indicate that globalization is positively and significantly associated with environmental degradation in the SAARC region. Finally, the results show that urbanization is positive and significantly associated with environmental degradation, which could be the serious concerns for the policy makers to control.

scholarly journals Cost Control and Profitability of Selected Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-33
Author(s):  
Godwin Emmanuel Oyedokun ◽  
Amos Olafusi TOMOMEWO ◽  
Sunday Ajao OWOLABI
Keyword(s):  
Cost Control ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Profitability in manufacturing companies in Nigeria depends on the ability of the companies to grow their earnings and tame their cost profile through cost control techniques. Many manufacturing companies seem not to understand these costs and the impact they have on profitability. This study examined the effect of cost control on the profitability of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The population of the study was the 78 manufacturing companies listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange as at 31st December 2017. A sample frame of 23 companies listed on the consumer goods sector was selected out of which five companies were considered for a period of 10 years (2005 – 2017). The study adopted a judgmental sampling technique. Data were obtained from the audited financial statement, and the accounts have already validated by regulatory authorities. The study took descriptive and inferential (regression) statistics. It was found that there is a significant negative relationship between the cost of raw materials (CoRM) and profit before tax of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study concluded that cost control has a significant positive effect on the profitability of manufacturing companies in Nigeria for the period under review. Therefore, it is recommended adequate management and alternative sourcing of raw materials.

scholarly journals Impact of the Ownership Structure on the Financial Performance of Banks: Comparative Study between Conventional and Islamic Banks

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Achraf Haddad ◽  
Anis El Ammari ◽  
Abdelfattah Bouri
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Impact

According to the literature of corporate governance, ownership structure is advanced as a non-dissociable mechanism of control intended to follow the stakeholders and especially used by shareholders to monitor the conflicts of interest and the opportunistic behavior of managers. Several previous studies have focused on the impact of ownership structure on financial performance separately in conventional or in Islamic banks. However, the comparative studies between these two impacts are non-existent. In this research, we compared the impacts of this governance mechanism on the financial performance in the two types of banks by using the Ordinary Least Squares method. Data relating to financial performance and ownership structure of banks come from 16 countries. Two samples were collected: the first one included 63 conventional banks, whereas the second one integrated 63 Islamic banks whose data are available over the period (2010-2018). Panel results showed that partial effect of each determinant of ownership structure on each measure of financial performance varied from one banks’ type to another and from one performance measure to another. Besides, the reconciliation of similar models revealed many differences between the same impacts’ signs. Therefore, we concluded that in both banks’ types the ownership structure has a positive impact on the financial performance. While, the negative part of the same impact is less significant in Islamic banks. JEL Classification:  F33, G20, G21, G24, G30.

scholarly journals The Impact of Government Debt on the Economic Growth of Ghana: A Time Series Analysis from 1990-2015

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Anning ◽  
Collins Frimpong Ofori ◽  
Ernest Kwame Affum
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Heavily Indebted Poor Countries ◽  
The Impact

In this study we investigate the impact of government debt on the economic growth of Ghana adopting the methodology of the simple Ordinary Least Squares with data spanning from 1990 to 2015. Ghana has unfortunately found itself in the tragic situation of high external government debt which has led to high dependency on aid and other loans to support its development. These aids and loans have seen the debt of Ghana rise steadily over the years. As a result of the Heavily-Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) which was presented by the IMF and World Bank in 1999, Ghana was judged to be a HIPC with unsustainable debt enabling the country to benefit from debt relief. We investigate the impact of government debt (both external and domestic) by testing three related models at the domestic and external levels including the general growth of the Ghanaian economy. In constructing our dataset, we build on the study of many scholars including a substantial amount of new materials from both primary and secondary data sources being Ministry of Finance (MOF) or Treasury Latest actual data: Government Finance Statistics Manual (GFSM), Ghana and World Bank. The research findings revealed that there is a negative relationship between debt (domestic and external) and growth in the economy of Ghana and recommend among others that government debt borrowing should be discouraged while increasing the revenue base through tax reform programs is encouraged.

scholarly journals Despesas públicas e o nível de desenvolvimento humano dos estados brasileiros: uma análise do IDHM 2000 e 2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-54
Author(s):  
Taíse Fatima Mattei ◽  
Fernanda Mendes Bezerra ◽  
Gilmar Ribeiro de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares Method

Resumo: Uma das formas de um governo atuar na economia é na alocação dos gastos públicos. Os gastos públicos têm o objetivo de contribuir para o fornecimento de serviços públicos para a população, e também para a geração de investimentos na economia. Muitas vezes, questiona-se se esses gastos podem, de fato, contribuir para a melhoraria da vida das pessoas. Dessa forma, entender se as despesas públicas têm relação com o nível de desenvolvimento humano é importante para a tomada de decisão dos governantes e para melhorar a gestão dos gastos públicos, principalmente para direcionar em quais áreas devem ser gastos os recursos. Diante disso, o objetivo com este artigo foi verificar qual a contribuição das despesas públicas per capita por funções para o nível de desenvolvimento humano dos estados brasileiros. O método adotado é a regressão múltipla estimada pelo método de mínimos quadrados ordinários utilizando dados em painel. Os dados são provenientes do IBGE, PNUD e IPEA DATA. Os resultados sugerem que algumas despesas possuem contribuição positiva para o desenvolvimento dos estados. Analisando o modelo com todas as despesas na mesma regressão, saúde e educação apresentaram relação positiva para aumentar o IDHM. Analisando os modelos em regressões isoladas, as despesas com assistência e previdência, educação, saúde e segurança e transporte confirmaram impacto positivo sobre o nível de desenvolvimento dos estados. Destaca-se a importância das despesas com saúde e educação, as quais se apresentaram influenciáveis no desenvolvimento nas duas abordagens realizadas.Palavras-chave: Despesas Públicas. Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano. Estados brasileiros. Public expenditure and human development level of Brazilian states: an analysis of IDHM 2000 and 2010 Abstract: One of the ways for a government to act in the economy is in the allocation of public expenditures. Public expenditures aim to contribute to the provision of public services to the population, as well as to the generation of investments in the economy. It is often questioned whether such expenditures can actually contribute to the improvement of people's lives. Thus, understanding whether public expenditures arerelated to the level of human development is important for government decision-making, and to improve the management of public expenditures, mainly to target the areas in which resources should be spent. Therefore, the objective of this article is to verify the contribution of public expenditure per capita by functions to the level of human development of the Brazilian states. The method adopted is the multiple regression estimated by the ordinary least squares method using panel data. The data comes from IBGE, UNDP and IPEA DATA. The results suggest that some expenses have a positive contribution to the development of the states. Analyzing the model with all expenses in the same regression, health and education presented positive relation to increase the HDI. Analyzing the models in isolated regressions, assistance and pension, education, health, safety and transportation expenses confirmed a positive impact on the level of development of the states. It is important to highlight the importance of health and education expenditures, which were influential in the development of the two approaches.Keywords: Public Expenditure. Human Development Index. Brazilian states.

scholarly journals GM(1,1;λ) with Constrained Linear Least Squares

Axioms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Ming-Feng Yeh ◽  
Ming-Hung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Linear Least Squares ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Constrained Problems ◽  
Linear Least Squares Problems ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares Method ◽  
Better Than

The only parameters of the original GM(1,1) that are generally estimated by the ordinary least squares method are the development coefficient a and the grey input b. However, the weight of the background value, denoted as λ, cannot be obtained simultaneously by such a method. This study, therefore, proposes two simple transformation formulations such that the unknown parameters, and can be simultaneously estimated by the least squares method. Therefore, such a grey model is termed the GM(1,1;λ). On the other hand, because the permission zone of the development coefficient is bounded, the parameter estimation of the GM(1,1) could be regarded as a bound-constrained least squares problem. Since constrained linear least squares problems generally can be solved by an iterative approach, this study applies the Matlab function lsqlin to solve such constrained problems. Numerical results show that the proposed GM(1,1;λ) performs better than the GM(1,1) in terms of its model fitting accuracy and its forecasting precision.

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