scholarly journals Discriminating Bangladeshi Adults by Simultaneous Prevalence of Obesity and Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
KC Bhuyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

The present analysis was to identify the socioeconomic factors responsible for prevalence of obesity and diabetes simultaneously among adults of 18 years and above residing in both urban and rural localities of Bangladesh. Accordingly, information was collected from 960 adults by some doctors and nurses from and nearby their working places. Among the investigated adults, 66.9% were diabetic patients and 20.2% of them were obese. In the sample, total obese adults were 29.3%. Obesity and diabetes were significantly associated. Prevalence of obesity and diabetes were significantly associated with age, marital status and utilization of time. Income was the most responsible factor for this simultaneous health hazard followed by expenditure, physical activity, marital status, religion and occupation. This conclusion was drawn from the results of odds ratio and discriminant analysis.

scholarly journals Discriminating Bangladeshi Adults by the Prevalence of Obesity Disability

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
K.C. Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Income Group ◽  
High Income Group ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The results presented here was derived in analyzing the data collected in investigating 900 adults from both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh to identify some of the socioeconomic variables responsible in discriminating obese disable adults from adults without this health problem . The sample contained 29.5% obese adults and 8.3% of them were disable. Level of obesity was significantly associated with different types of health hazard including disability. Obesity disability was predominant among females, illiterate persons, and physically inactive persons, high income group of persons and in diabetic adults. The most responsible variable for prevalence of obesity disability was level of body mass index followed by prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and illiteracy, and non-involvement in physical labor. These variables were identified by discriminant analysis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of obesity and diabetes in older people with sarcopenia defined according to EWGSOP2 and FNHI criteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Remelli ◽  
Elisa Maietti ◽  
Pasquale Abete ◽  
Giuseppe Bellelli ◽  
Mario Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Functional Abilities ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Abstract Background Although the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity is increasing, nowadays a universally accepted definition still does not exist. Because, this clinical entity is defined as the combination of obesity and sarcopenia, the diagnosis appears to be strictly linked to criteria used for sarcopenia and the available prevalence data are not uniform. To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in older persons according to EWGSOP2 and FNIH criteria. Second, to evaluate the prevalence of diabetes in patients with sarcopenia diagnosed by the two definitions. Methods Observational multicenter study performed in 2014 on older patients admitted to 12 Italian hospitals (GLISTEN Study). Data were collected through standardized questionnaires, which assessed: socio-demographic data, cognitive status, functional abilities, pharmacological therapy, comorbidities, and blood tests. Moreover, muscle mass and strength and physical performance were evaluated. Results Six hundred and ten were included in the analyses. Among sarcopenic patients, the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was 30.8% with FNIH and 0% with EWGSOP2 criteria. According to EWGSOP2 criteria, 23.7% of sarcopenic and 30.8% of non-sarcopenic patients were affected by diabetes (p = 0.101); otherwise, using FNIH criteria, 36.3% of sarcopenic and 26.9% of non-sarcopenic patients were diabetic (p = 0.030). After adjustment for potential confounders, diabetic patients had a 73% higher probability of being sarcopenic according to FNIH criteria (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.13–2.64). Conclusions The EWGSOP2 and FNIH sarcopenia criteria are differently related to the prevalence of obesity and diabetes. The EWGSOP2 criteria seem to be not suitable to identify people with sarcopenic obesity.

scholarly journals Subcutaneous fat mass is associated with genetic risk scores related to proinflammatory cytokine signaling and interact with physical activity in middle-aged obese adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Daily ◽  
Hye Jeong Yang ◽  
Meiling Liu ◽  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
Sunmin Park
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
High Physical Activity

Abstract Background and aims Subcutaneous fat mass is negatively correlated with atherogenic risk factors, but its putative benefits remain controversial. We hypothesized that genetic variants that influence subcutaneous fat mass would modulate lipid and glucose metabolism and have interactions with lifestyles in Korean middle-aged adults with high visceral fat. Materials and methods Subcutaneous fat mass was categorized by dividing the average of subscapular skin-fold thickness by BMI and its cutoff point was 1.2. Waist circumferences were used for representing visceral fat mass with Asian cutoff points. GWAS of subjects aged 40–65 years with high visceral fat (n = 3303) were conducted and the best gene-gene interactions from the genetic variants related to subcutaneous fat were selected and explored using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction. Genetic risk scores (GRS) were calculated by weighted GRS that was divided into low, medium and high groups. Results Subjects with high subcutaneous fat did not have dyslipidemia compared with those with low subcutaneous fat, although both subject groups had similar amounts of total fat. The best model to influence subcutaneous fat included IL17A_rs4711998, ADCY2_rs326149, ESRRG_rs4846514, CYFIP2_rs733730, TCF7L2_rs7917983, ZNF766_rs41497444 and TGFBR3_rs7526590. The odds ratio (OR) for increasing subcutaneous fat was higher by 2.232 folds in the high-GRS group, after adjusting for covariates. However, total and LDL cholesterol, triglyceride and C-reactive protein concentrations in the circulation were not associated with GRS. Subjects with high-GRS had higher serum HDL cholesterol levels than those with low-GRS. Physical activity and GRS had an interaction with subcutaneous fat. In subjects with low physical activity, the odds ratio for high subcutaneous fat increased by 2.232, but subcutaneous fat deposition was not affected in the high-GRS group with high physical activity. Conclusion Obese adults with high-GRS had more subcutaneous fat, but they did not show more dyslipidemia and inflammation compared to low-GRS. High physical activity prevented subcutaneous fat deposition in subjects with high GRS for subcutaneous fat.

scholarly journals DIETARY PRACTICES AND SELF ADHERENCE TO TYPE 2 DIABETIC MANAGEMENT AMONG URBAN POPULATION OF CHENNAI METROPOLITON CITY-A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-86
Author(s):  
Aravind Raj ◽  
Sankar A
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Background: The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus is 2.4% among adults in rural population and 4-11.6 % in urban population. In recent years, the simultaneous acceleration of diabetes and obesity worldwide has led to increasingly sedentary lifestyles and poor eating habits. Even children exposed to "junk" food and without enough exercise have now experienced obesity and diabetes. The term metabolic syndrome (formerly called 'Syndrome X') has been applied to an increasingly common disorder in which abdominal obesity and insulin resistance, such as elevated lipid profiles, are accompanied by a constellation of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Objectives: To observe the dietary patterns of diabetic patients of urban Chennai population. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among diabetic patients attending the general out patient department of Balaji medical college hospital Chennai. Patients with following blood glucose levels were taken as Diabetics, F ≥126 mg/dl, PP≥200 mg/dl. Individuals diagnosed and treated for the above conditions for one year or more will be treated as participants. Purposive sampling was used to achieve the sample size of 164 participants. After obtaining the informed consent, the patients were enrolled for the study. Data was analysed using SPSS ver.24. Descriptive data was given in frequency and percentage. chi-square test was used to compare the data. p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: Among the diabetic patients, their mean level of fasting sugar was 140 and PP was 236 with SD 44.032 and 62.674. More than 65% of the Urban population follow some other diet restrictions such as low salt, low cholesterol and fat. Physical activity of the population are 57% of going for walking also 39% of them are had no physical activity at all. Conclusion: The dietary change coupled with , the intake of cholesterol rich food and lack of physical activity seem to have contributed to the urban population's high prevalence rate of obesity.

Prevalence of obesity and its relation to physical activity in the Saudi population

2019 ◽  
pp. 450-456
Author(s):  
Nehal Jadou ◽  
Zainab AlFaraj ◽  
Sara Alahmad ◽  
Shaikah Almudhee ◽  
Mohammed Alonazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

scholarly journals Effects of physical activity on cognitive function among patients with diabetes in China: a nationally longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anying Bai ◽  
Liyuan Tao ◽  
Jia Huang ◽  
Jing Tao ◽  
Jue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable

Abstract Background We aimed to examine the effect of physical activity on different cognitive domains among patients with diabetes. Methods We used two waves of data from the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2013–2015), a nationally representative dataset of Chinese population aged over 45. Total physical activity scores were calculated based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Executive function and episodic memory were used as measures of cognitive function. We conducted lagged dependent variable models to explore the association between physical activity and cognitive function in full sample as well as two different age groups (45–65, ≥65). Results: 862 diabetic patients were included. We found that diabetic participants who had greater level of physical activity at baseline were associated with better episodic memory function in 2 years (p < 0.05). Moreover, physical activity was significantly associated with less decline in episodic memory in fully adjusted models, and the associations were stronger among patients aged 45–65 years (p < 0.05). No statistically significant association was found between physical activity and executive function in all age groups. Conclusions Physical activity may prevent some of the potential decline in episodic memory in diabetic patients. Clinicians and public health departments should strengthen the promotion of physical activity and develop early screening tools among diabetic participants to prevent the progression of cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hypertension in selected towns of Wollega zones, Western Ethiopia, 2019: A community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110245
Author(s):  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Bikila Regassa ◽  
Bayise Biru
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Hypertension remains an emerging public health problem globally, particularly in developing countries. Age, income level, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetables and fruit consumption, physical activity and chat chewing were some risk factors of hypertension. However, there are limited data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess Epidemiology of Hypertension among the community of selected towns of Wollega zones. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2019 in selected towns of Wollega zones. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 840 study participants. Data were collected using the WHO STEP wise approach. The data were coded and entered into EpiData 3, and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: The study included a total of 838 respondents with a response rate of 99.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 189 (22.6%) (95% confidence interval = 19.9%–25.2%). Of this, 108 (12.9%) and 81 (9.7%) of female and male were hypertensive, respectively. Age groups of 30–44 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.65 (1.43, 4.89)), 45–59 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.55 (1.79, 7.04)), above 60 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.97 (1.43, 6.18)), having history of alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 4.29 (2.4, 7.66)), involving in vigorous physical activity (adjusted odds ratio = 0.096 (0.028, 0.33)), not walking to and from the work (adjusted odds ratio = 13.12 (8.34, 20.67)), being overweight (adjusted odds ratio = 1.98 (1.21, 3.25)), inadequate fruits serving per day (adjusted odds ratio = 2.93 (1.75, 4.88)) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high in the study area. Older age, alcohol consumption, not engaging in vigorous activity, physical inactivity, being overweight and inadequate intake of fruits were found to be risk factors for hypertension. Therefore, health care providers should provide extensive health education and promotion on recommended lifestyle modification to tackle the burden of hypertension.

scholarly journals Activation of the S100A7/RAGE Pathway by IGF-1 Contributes to Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Muoio ◽  
Marianna Talia ◽  
Rosamaria Lappano ◽  
Andrew H. Sims ◽  
Veronica Vella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Er Positive

Background: Breast cancer (BC) mortality is increased among obese and diabetic patients. Both obesity and diabetes are associated with dysregulation of both the IGF-1R and the RAGE (Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products) pathways, which contribute to complications of these disorders. The alarmin S100A7, signaling through the receptor RAGE, prompts angiogenesis, inflammation, and BC progression. Methods: We performed bioinformatic analysis of BC gene expression datasets from published studies. We then used Estrogen Receptor (ER)-positive BC cells, CRISPR-mediated IGF-1R KO BC cells, and isogenic S100A7-transduced BC cells to investigate the role of IGF-1/IGF-1R in the regulation of S100A7 expression and tumor angiogenesis. To this aim, we also used gene silencing and pharmacological inhibitors, and we performed gene expression and promoter studies, western blotting analysis, ChIP and ELISA assays, endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation assay. Results: S100A7 expression correlates with worse prognostic outcomes in human BCs. In BC cells, the IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling engages STAT3 activation and its recruitment to the S100A7 promoter toward S100A7 increase. In human vascular endothelial cells, S100A7 activates RAGE signaling and prompts angiogenic effects. Conclusions: In ER-positive BCs the IGF-1 dependent activation of the S100A7/RAGE signaling in adjacent endothelial cells may serve as a previously unidentified angiocrine effector. Targeting S100A7 may pave the way for a better control of BC, particularly in conditions of unopposed activation of the IGF-1/IGF-1R axis.

scholarly journals The association between Helicobacter pylori and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case–control studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Baradaran ◽  
Hojat Dehghanbanadaki ◽  
Sara Naderpour ◽  
Leila Mohammadi Pirkashani ◽  
Abdolhalim Rajabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Introduction The relationship between H. pylori infection and obesity development has remained controversial among various studies. The aim of this study was to clarify the pooled effect of H. pylori infection on the development of obesity and vice versa. Methods We searched international databases including Medline (PubMed), Web of sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, Ovid, and CINHAL to retrieve all case–control studies reporting the effect of H. pylori on obesity and vice versa, which had been published in English between January 1990 and June 2019. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for Case–Control studies. The logarithm of the odds ratio (OR) and its standard error was used for the meta-analysis. Results Eight case–control studies with 25,519 participants were included for qualitative and quantitative analyses. The pooled analysis showed that obese participants had a higher risk of H. pylori infection than lean participants with an odds ratio of 1.46 (95%CI: 1.26, 1.68). Also, the pooled analysis revealed that participants infected by H. pylori had a higher risk of obesity than non-infected participants with an odds ratio of 1.01 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.02). Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the risk of H. pylori infection and the prevalence of obesity development. Thus, H. pylori positive patients were more likely to be obese, and obese individuals had higher risks of H. pylori infection.

The Feasibility and Effectiveness of Wearable Sensor Technology in the Management of Elderly Diabetics with Foot Ulcer Remission: A Proof-Of-Concept Pilot Study with Six Cases

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chenzhen Du ◽  
Hongyan Wang ◽  
Heming Chen ◽  
Xiaoyun Fan ◽  
Dongliang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Gait Parameters

Aims: Using specials wearable sensors, we explored changes in gait and balance parameters, over time, in elderly patients at high risk of diabetic foot, wearing different types of footwear. This assessed the relationship between gait and balance changes in elderly diabetic patients and the development of foot ulcers, in a bid to uncover potential benefits of wearable devices in the prognosis and management of the aforementioned complication. Methods: A wearable sensor-based monitoring system was used in middle-elderly patients with diabetes who recently recovered from neuropathic plantar foot ulcers. A total of 6 patients (age range: 55–80 years) were divided into 2 groups: the therapeutic footwear group (n = 3) and the regular footwear (n = 3) group. All subjects were assessed for gait and balance throughout the study period. Walking ability and gait pattern were assessed by allowing participants to walk normally for 1 min at habitual speed. The balance assessment program incorporated the “feet together” standing test and the instrumented modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration and Balance. Biomechanical information was monitored at least 3 times. Results: We found significant differences in stride length (p < 0.0001), stride velocity (p < 0.0001), and double support (p < 0.0001) between the offloading footwear group (OG) and the regular footwear group on a group × time interaction. The balance test embracing eyes-open condition revealed a significant difference in Hip Sway (p = 0.004), COM Range ML (p = 0.008), and COM Position (p = 0.004) between the 2 groups. Longitudinally, the offloading group exhibited slight improvement in the performance of gait parameters over time. The stride length (odds ratio 3.54, 95% CI 1.34–9.34, p = 0.018) and velocity (odds ratio 3.13, 95% CI 1.19–8.19, p = 0.033) of OG patients increased, converse to the double-support period (odds ratio 6.20, 95% CI 1.97–19.55, p = 0.002), which decreased. Conclusions: Special wearable devices can accurately monitor gait and balance parameters in patients in real time. The finding reveals the feasibility and effectiveness of advanced wearable sensors in the prevention and management of diabetic foot ulcer and provides a solid background for future research. In addition, the development of foot ulcers in elderly diabetic patients may be associated with changes in gait parameters and the nature of footwear. Even so, larger follow-up studies are needed to validate our findings.

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