scholarly journals Haliotis papulata Reeve 1846 (Vetigastropoda: Haliotidae), the pimpled abalone, is the correct name for the small Indo-West Pacific abalone referred to as Haliotis thailandis Dekker & Patamakanthin 2001 and not as a synonym of Haliotis varia Linnaeus 1758

The Festivus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Buzz Owen ◽  
Aaron Pan ◽  
Arjay Raffety
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Pacific Abalone ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Abalone Species

The syntypes of Haliotis papulata Reeve 1846 have been re-examined and are found to not represent specimens of H. varia Linnaeus 1758. Haliotis papulata appears to be the correct name for specimens that are currently considered H. thailandis Dekker & Patamakanthin 2001. The synonymy of Haliotis thailandis within H. papulata provides a more detailed understanding of the distribution of the species and its probable close phylogenetic relationships with the Indo-Pacific abalone species, Haliotis unilateralis Lamarck 1822 and H. clathrata Reeve 1846

Revision of the family Raspailiidae (Porifera : Demospongiae), with description of Australian species

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
JNA Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Biogeographical Distribution ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Australasian Region

The marine sponge family Raspailiidae Hentschel is revised and referred to the order Poecilosclerida. Of 48 nominal genera, 17 (including one new genus and one new subgenus) are recognised here: Raspailia Nardo, (Hymeraphiopsis, subg. nov.), Ectyoplasia Topsent, Endectyon Topsent, Trikentrion Ehlers, Cyamon Gray, Aulospongus Norman, Raspaciona Topsent, Rhabdeurypon Topsent, Eurypon Gray, Plocamione Topsent, Amphinomia, gen. nov., Lithoplocamia Dendy, Hymeraphia Bowerbank, Ceratopsion Strand, Thrinacophora Ridley, Axechina Hentschel and Echinodictyum Ridley, and three genera are incertae sedis (Tethyspira Topsent, Sigmeurypon Topsent, Cantabrina Ferrer-Hernandez). Fifty-six species are described for the Australian fauna, of which 14 are new to science: Raspailia daminensis, R. desrnonyiformis, R. keriontria, R. melanorhops, R. phakellopsis, R. reticulata, R. wardi, R. wilkinsoni, Ectyoplasia vannus, Endectyon elyakovi, Ceratopsion montebelloensis, C. palmafa, Echinodictyum austrinus, spp. nov. and Amphinomia sulphurea, gen. nov., sp. nov. The phylogenetic relationships and biogeographical distribution of the family are discussed. Tropical north-westem Australian-southem Indonesia has the highest diversity of species in the Indo-west Pacific, and altogether the Australasian region has about 20% of the world's known raspailiid fauna.

scholarly journals Greenlip Abalone (Haliotis laevigata) Genome and Protein Analysis Provides Insights into Maturation and Spawning

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3067-3078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha A. Botwright ◽  
Min Zhao ◽  
Tianfang Wang ◽  
Sean McWilliam ◽  
Michelle L. Colgrave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Draft Genome ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Gonad Maturation ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Pacific Abalone ◽  
Abalone Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Wild abalone (Family Haliotidae) populations have been severely affected by commercial fishing, poaching, anthropogenic pollution, environment and climate changes. These issues have stimulated an increase in aquaculture production; however production growth has been slow due to a lack of genetic knowledge and resources. We have sequenced a draft genome for the commercially important temperate Australian ‘greenlip’ abalone (Haliotis laevigata, Donovan 1808) and generated 11 tissue transcriptomes from a female adult abalone. Phylogenetic analysis of the greenlip abalone with reference to the Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) indicates that these abalone species diverged approximately 71 million years ago. This study presents an in-depth analysis into the features of reproductive dysfunction, where we provide the putative biochemical messenger components (neuropeptides) that may regulate reproduction including gonad maturation and spawning. Indeed, we isolate the egg-laying hormone neuropeptide and under trial conditions induce spawning at 80% efficiency. Altogether, we provide a solid platform for further studies aimed at stimulating advances in abalone aquaculture production. The H. laevigata genome and resources are made available to the public on the abalone ‘omics website, http://abalonedb.org.

scholarly journals Re-Evaluation of Phylogenetic Relationships among Species of the Mangrove Genus Avicennia from Indo-West Pacific Based on Multilocus Analyses

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0164453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinnian Li ◽  
Norman C. Duke ◽  
Yuchen Yang ◽  
Lishi Huang ◽  
Yuxiang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
West Pacific

KINETIC AND STRUCTURAL ADAPTATIONS OF CYTOPLASMIC MALATE DEHYDROGENASES OF EASTERN PACIFIC ABALONE (GENUS HALIOTIS) FROM DIFFERENT THERMAL HABITATS: BIOCHEMICAL CORRELATES OF BIOGEOGRAPHICAL PATTERNING

1993 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dahlhoff ◽  
G. N. Somero
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Pacific Abalone ◽  
Abalone Species ◽  
Species Formation ◽  
Interspecific Divergence ◽  
And Function ◽  
Structural Adaptations ◽  
Average Body

We measured the effects of temperature on cytosolic malate dehydrogenases (cMDHs) from the shell muscle of five species of eastern Pacific abalone, genus Haliotis, found at different latitudes and/or tidal heights. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of coenzyme (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH) was conserved within a narrow range (11–21 micromolar) at physiological temperatures for all species. However, elevated temperatures perturbed the Km of NADH for cMDHs of the two species living at higher latitudes and/or lower tidal heights [Haliotis rufesens (red) and H. kamtschatkana kamtschatkana (pinto)] to a much greater extent than for cMDHs of congeners from lower latitudes and/or higher tidal heights [H. fulgens (green), H. corregata (pink) and H. cracherodii (black)]. The apparent Arrhenius activation energies for the cMDHs of these five species showed a similar interspecific divergence. Furthermore, green, pink and black abalone have cMDHs that are more resistant to thermal denaturation than are cMDHs of red and pinto abalone. Native gel electrophoresis showed that cMDHs of red and pinto abalone had identical mobilities, whereas cMDHs of green, pink and black abalone are distinct both from each other and from that of the two cold-adapted species. These data suggest that cMDHs from the abalone species living in warm habitats are adapted to function optimally at higher temperatures than are the cMDHs of the two species living in cooler habitats. The relationships suggested by these criteria are in agreement with other studies that used morphological and molecular indices to predict abalone phylogeny. These results therefore provide further evidence that interspecific variation in protein structure and function may be driven by natural selection based on only small (i.e. several degrees Celsius) differences in average body temperature, and that such selection is an important element of the mechanisms of species formation and the maintenance of biogeographic patterning

scholarly journals Molecular Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of a Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor (GnRH-R) in Pacific Abalone, Haliotis discus hannai

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rajib Sharker ◽  
Zahid Parvez Sukhan ◽  
Soo Cheol Kim ◽  
Won Kyo Lee ◽  
Kang Hee Kho
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Octopus Vulgaris ◽  
R Gene ◽  
Haliotis Discus Hannai ◽  
Mizuhopecten Yessoensis ◽  
Pacific Abalone ◽  
Abalone Species ◽  
Haliotis Discus ◽  
Abalone Haliotis Discus

A full-length cDNA sequence encoding a GnRH receptor was cloned from the pleuropedal ganglion of the Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai. The cloned sequence is 1499-bp in length encoding a protein of 460 amino acid residues, with a molecular mass of 52.22 kDa and an isoelectric point (pI) of 9.57. The architecture of HdhGnRH-R gene exhibited key features of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including seven membrane spanning domains, putative N-linked glycosylation motifs, and phosphorylation sites of serine and threonine residues. It shared 63%, 52%, and 30% sequence identities with Octopus vulgaris, Limulus polyphemus, and Mizuhopecten yessoensis GnRH-R II sequences, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that HdhGnRH-R gene was clustered with GnRH-R II of O. vulgaris and O. bimaculoides. qPCR assay demonstrated that the mRNA expression level of this receptor was significantly higher in the pleuropedal ganglion than that in any other examined tissue. Transcriptional activities of this gene in gonadal tissues were significantly higher in the ripening stage. The mRNA expression of this gene was significantly higher in pleuropedal ganglion, testis, and ovary at higher effective accumulative temperature (1000 °C). In situ hybridization revealed that HdhGnRH-R mRNA was expressed in neurosecretory cells of pleuropedal ganglion. Our results suggest that HdhGnRH-R gene synthesized in the neural ganglia might be involved in the control of gonadal maturation and gametogenesis of H. discus hannai. This is the first report of GnRH-R in H. discus hannai and the results may contribute to further studies of GPCRs evolution or may useful for the development of aquaculture method of this abalone species.

Electron microscopy of niobium and tantalum hydrides

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 644-645
Author(s):  
T. Schober
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Endothermic Reactions ◽  
Hydrogen Reactions ◽  
New Phase

Nb, Ta and V are prototype substances for the study of the endothermic reactions of H with metals. Such metal-hydrogen reactions have gained increased importance due to the application of metal-hydrides in hydrogen- und heat storage devices. Electron microscopy and diffraction were demonstrated to be excellent methods in the study of hydride morphologies and structures (1). - Figures 1 and 2 show the NbH and TaH phase diagrams (2,3,4). EM techniques have contributed substantially to the elucidation of the structures and domain configurations of phases β, ζ and ε (1,4). Precision length measurement techniques of distances in reciprocal space (5) recently led to a detailed understanding of the distortions of the unit cells of phases ζ and ε (4). In the same work (4) the existence of the new phase η was shown. It is stable near -68 °C. The sequence of transitions is thus below 70 %.

Architecture of Radiolitid Rudist (Mollusca) Shell-Wall Structures and its Phylogenetic Implications

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 686-687
Author(s):  
David H. Sturm ◽  
Bob F. Perkins
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Shell Microstructure ◽  
Shell Wall ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Cellular Wall ◽  
Superfamily Analysis ◽  
Central Texas

Each of the seven families of rudists (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Hippuritacea) is characterized by distinctive shell-wall architectures which reflect phylogenetic relationships within the superfamily. Analysis of the complex, calcareous, cellular wall of the attached valve of the radiolite rudist Eoradiolites davidsoni (Hill) from the Comanche Cretaceous of Central Texas indicates that its wall architecture is an elaboration of the simpler monopleurid rudist wall and supports possible radiolite-monopleurid relationships.Several well-preserved specimens of E. davidsoni were sectioned, polished, etched, and carbon and gold coated for SEM examination. Maximum shell microstructure detail was displayed by etching with a 0.7% HC1 solution from 80 to 100 seconds.The shell of E. davidsoni comprises a large, thick-walled, conical, attached valve (AV) and a small, very thin, operculate, free valve (FV) (Fig. 1a). The AV shell is two-layered with a thin inner wall, in which original structures are usually obliterated by recrystallization, and a thick, cellular, outer wall.

Phylogenetic relationships ofSalvia(Lamiaceae) in China: Evidence from DNA sequence datasets

2012 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a
Author(s):  
Qian-Quan Li ◽  
Min-Hui Li ◽  
Qing-Jun Yuan ◽  
Zhan-Hu Cui ◽  
Lu-Qi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships
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