scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of the Hemodynamic Properties of Antihypertensive Medications

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Hasan Iftikhar ◽  
Robert P. Blankfield ◽  
Nauman Hassan ◽  
Daniel Tisch
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
English Language ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thiazide Diuretics ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Uncomplicated Hypertension ◽  
Pressure Lowering

Background. While all antihypertensive medications lower blood pressure, hemodynamic properties of various classes of antihypertensive medications may differ. Objective. To perform a meta-analysis to compare the hemodynamic properties of different classes of antihypertensive medications. Methods. Studies involving the treatment of hypertension using the effect of ACEIs, β-blockers, CCBs and thiazide diuretics on plasma volume (PV), cardiac output (CO) or stroke volume (SV) were searched using online databases prior to May 2011. Studies had to be written in the English language, studying human subjects with a single pharmacological agent (monotherapy), and with a minimum duration of 4 weeks. Results. Seventy-five (75) studies that enrolled a total of 1522 subjects were included. All four antihypertensive classes lowered blood pressure. β-blockers decreased heart rate; the other classes had no effect upon heart rate. ACEIs increased PV; the other classes had no effect upon PV. β-blockers and thiazide diuretics decreased CO while ACEIs and CCBs had no effect upon CO. β-blockers and CCBs increased SV, thiazide diuretics decreased SV, and ACEIs did not change SV. Conclusion. In the treatment of uncomplicated hypertension, the various classes of antihypertensive medications differ from each other in terms of their non-blood pressure lowering hemodynamic properties.

Measurement of Blood Pressure and Heart Beat Based on Sensors and Microcontrollers

2012 ◽  
Vol 249-250 ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Morsi ◽  
Yahia Zakria Abd El Gawad
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensors ◽  
Comprehensive Study

As heart related diseases are increasing over days, a mandatory need for an accurate, affordable heart rate and blood pressure measurement is essentially required now a day. This paper illustrates the simulation of two devices used to measure the heart rate and the blood pressure. The two proposed designs are built using different type of sensors and the generated results are compared to those of the (HEM-907XL) device from OMRON company. The first proposed design is constructed using either infrared (IR) sensor or light dependent resistance (LDR) to measure the heart rate. On the other hand, the second design is constructed using either a group of strain gauge sensors, or a group of piezoelectric sensors to measure the blood pressure. One hundred human subjects of different ages between 25 and 70 years old are used to test both designs. The two designs are implemented using microcontroller (ATMEGA 16); for it is lower cost and high efficiency. A comprehensive study is conducted on the results using statistical analysis to verify the validity of both designs.

Cardiovascular Responses to Muscle Stretching: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewan Thomas ◽  
Marianna Bellafiore ◽  
Ambra Gentile ◽  
Antonio Paoli ◽  
Antonio Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quantitative Synthesis

AbstractThe aim of this study will be to review the current body of literature to understand the effects of stretching on the responses of the cardiovascular system. A literature search was performed using the following databases: Scopus, NLM Pubmed and ScienceDirect. Studies regarding the effects of stretching on responses of the cardiovascular system were investigated. Outcomes regarded heart rate(HR), blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV of which baPWV for brachial-ankle and cfPWV for carotid-femoral waveforms), heart rate variability and endothelial vascular function. Subsequently, the effects of each outcome were quantitatively synthetized using meta-analytic synthesis with random-effect models. A total of 16 studies were considered eligible and included in the quantitative synthesis. Groups were also stratified according to cross-sectional or longitudinal stretching interventions. Quality assessment through the NHLBI tools observed a “fair-to-good” quality of the studies. The meta-analytic synthesis showed a significant effect of d=0.38 concerning HR, d=2.04 regarding baPWV and d=0.46 for cfPWV. Stretching significantly reduces arterial stiffness and HR. The qualitative description of the studies was also supported by the meta-analytic synthesis. No adverse effects were reported, after stretching, in patients affected by cardiovascular disease on blood pressure. There is a lack of studies regarding vascular adaptations to stretching.

The effect of red pepper/capsaicin on blood pressure and heart rate: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Shirani ◽  
Sahar Foshati ◽  
Mohammad Tavassoly ◽  
Cain C. T. Clark ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Rouhani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Red Pepper

scholarly journals Associations of Sedentary Time with Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8508
Author(s):  
Abdullah Bandar Alansare ◽  
Lauren C. Bates ◽  
Lee Stoner ◽  
Christopher E. Kline ◽  
Elizabeth Nagle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
English Language ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inverse Variance ◽  
Observational Design ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

Purpose: To evaluate if sedentary time (ST) is associated with heart rate (HR) and variability (HRV) in adults. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed and Google Scholar through June 2020. Inclusion criteria were observational design, humans, adults, English language, ST as the exposure, resting HR/HRV as the outcome, and (meta-analysis only) availability of the quantitative association with variability. After qualitative synthesis, meta-analysis used inverse variance heterogeneity models to estimate pooled associations. Results: Thirteen and eight articles met the criteria for the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. All studies were cross-sectional and few used gold standard ST or HRV assessment methodology. The qualitative synthesis suggested no associations between ST and HR/HRV. The meta-analysis found a significant association between ST and HR (β = 0.24 bpm per hour ST; CI: 0.10, 0.37) that was stronger in males (β = 0.36 bpm per hour ST; CI: 0.19, 0.53). Pooled associations between ST and HRV indices were non-significant (p > 0.05). Substantial heterogeneity was detected. Conclusions: The limited available evidence suggests an unfavorable but not clinically meaningful association between ST and HR, but no association with HRV. Future longitudinal studies assessing ST with thigh-based monitoring and HRV with electrocardiogram are needed.

Effects of Indomethacin Alone and during Diuretic or β-Adrenoreceptor-Blockade Therapy on Blood Pressure and the Renin System in Essential Hypertension

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 203s-205s ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lopez-Ovejero ◽  
M. A. Weber ◽  
J. I. M. Drayer ◽  
J. E. Sealey ◽  
J. H. Laragh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Uncomplicated Hypertension ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Propranolol Therapy

1. Indomethacin was administered alone or in addition to either diuretic or propranolol therapy to three groups of patients with essential hypertension on a free sodium diet. 2. Indomethacin administration reduced renin secretion by about 30% in untreated uncomplicated hypertensive patients and by about 75% in those whose renin secretion had either been stimulated or suppressed by maintained diuretic or β-adrenoreceptor-blockade therapy. 3. Indomethacin administration produced no net effect on blood pressure in untreated patients with uncomplicated hypertension but it blunted or reversed the antihypertensive effect of either diuretic or propranolol therapy. 4. Salt and water retention may be an important factor in the blood pressure-raising effect of indomethacin during diuretic or propranolol therapy: In addition, prostaglandin synthesis may be important in counteracting increased α-adrenergic tone, which may limit the blood pressure-lowering effect of β-adrenoreceptor-blockade. 5. Because of these interactions and their pressor potential indomethacin should be used with caution when combined with either diuretics or β-adrenoreceptor blockers.

scholarly journals Effects of Preoperative Intravenous Clonidine in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery: A Double-Blind, Randomized Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ellen Queiroz Santiago ◽  
Adriana Machado Issy ◽  
Rioko Kimiko Sakata
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intraocular Lens Implantation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Lens Implantation ◽  
Lidocaine Gel

Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of clonidine on intraoperative analgesia, sedation, intraocular and blood pressure, arrhythmia, and ischemia.Methods. Forty patients undergoing cataract surgery were allocated into two groups. They were monitored with Holter machine, the pupil was dilated, and 30 minutes later, 20 patients received clonidine (4 µg/kg), while the other 20 patients were given a 0.9% saline intravenously. Twenty minutes later, 2% lidocaine gel was applied. There were assessed intraoperative analgesia, intraocular pressure, blood pressure, heart rate, and the occurrence of arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia.Results. Pain intensity was lower in G1 during the phacoemulsification, irrigation, aspiration, and intraocular lens implantation. The HR and BP were lower with clonidine. The IOP was lower with clonidine after 15 minutes and at the end of the surgery. Sedation was higher with clonidine. The incidence of arrhythmia was lower at the end of surgery with clonidine. The incidence of myocardial ischemia did not differ between the groups.Conclusions. Clonidine (4 µg/kg) before a phacoemulsification reduced the intensity of pain during cataract surgery. It also induced sedation, reduction of BP, HR, and incidence of arrhythmia at the end of the surgery, and did not alter myocardial ischemia. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.govNCT01677351.

Pharmacologic cardioversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 854-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian S deSouza ◽  
Mina Tadrous ◽  
Theresa Sexton ◽  
Roshanak Benabbas ◽  
Guy Carmelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
English Language ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Onset Atrial Fibrillation

Abstract Aims We sought to identify the most effective antidysrhythmic drug for pharmacologic cardioversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods and results We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to March 2019, limited to human subjects and English language. We also searched for unpublished data. We limited studies to randomized controlled trials that enrolled adult patients with AF ≤ 48 h and compared antidysrhythmic agents, placebo, or control. We determined these outcomes prior to data extraction: (i) rate of conversion to sinus rhythm within 24 h, (ii) time to cardioversion to sinus rhythm, (iii) rate of significant adverse events, and (iv) rate of thromboembolism within 30 days. We extracted data according to PRISMA-NMA and appraised selected trials using the Cochrane review handbook. The systematic review initially identified 640 studies; 30 met inclusion criteria. Twenty-one trials that randomized 2785 patients provided efficacy data for the conversion rate outcome. Bayesian network meta-analysis using a random-effects model demonstrated that ranolazine + amiodarone intravenous (IV) [odds ratio (OR) 39.8, 95% credible interval (CrI) 8.3–203.1], vernakalant (OR 22.9, 95% CrI 3.7–146.3), flecainide (OR 16.9, 95% CrI 4.1–73.3), amiodarone oral (OR 10.2, 95% CrI 3.1–36.0), ibutilide (OR 7.9, 95% CrI 1.2–52.5), amiodarone IV (OR 5.4, 95% CrI 2.1–14.6), and propafenone (OR 4.1, 95% CrI 1.7–10.5) were associated with significantly increased likelihood of conversion within 24 h when compared to placebo/control. Overall quality was low, and the network exhibited inconsistency. Probabilistic analysis ranked vernakalant and flecainide high and propafenone and amiodarone IV low. Conclusion For pharmacologic cardioversion of recent-onset AF within 24 h, there is insufficient evidence to determine which treatment is superior. Vernakalant and flecainide may be relatively more efficacious agents. Propafenone and IV amiodarone may be relatively less efficacious. Further high-quality study is necessary.

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