scholarly journals Apoptosis: Reprogramming and the Fate of Mature Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoi-Hung Cheung ◽  
Xiaozhuo Liu ◽  
Owen M. Rennert
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Inhibition Of Differentiation

Apoptosis is essential for embryogenesis, organ metamorphosis, and tissue homeostasis. In embryonic stem cells, self-renewal is balanced with proliferative potential, inhibition of differentiation, and prevention of senescence and apoptosis. Growing evidence supports the role of apoptosis in self-renewal, differentiation of pluripotent stem cells, and dedifferentiation (reprogramming) of somatic cells. In this paper we discuss the multiple roles of apoptosis in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and reprogramming of differentiated cells to pluripotency. The role of caspases and p53 as key effectors in controlling the generation of iPSC is emphasized. Remarkably, the complication of apoptosis arising during reprogramming may provide insights into technical improvements for derivation of iPSC from senescent cells as a tool for modeling aging-related diseases.

scholarly journals Defining totipotency using criteria of increasing stringency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Posfai ◽  
John Paul Schell ◽  
Adrian Janiszewski ◽  
Isidora Rovic ◽  
Alexander Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Totipotent Cell

AbstractTotipotency is the ability of a single cell to give rise to all the differentiated cells that build the conceptus, yet how to capture this property in vitro remains incompletely understood. Defining totipotency relies upon a variety of assays of variable stringency. Here we describe criteria to define totipotency. We illustrate how distinct criteria of increasing stringency can be used to judge totipotency by evaluating candidate totipotent cell types in the mouse, including early blastomeres and expanded or extended pluripotent stem cells. Our data challenge the notion that expanded or extended pluripotent states harbor increased totipotent potential relative to conventional embryonic stem cells under in vivo conditions.

New Proteomic Insights on the Role of NPR-A in Regulating Self-Renewal of Embryonic Stem Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Magdeldin ◽  
Tadashi Yamamoto ◽  
Ikuo Tooyama ◽  
Essam M. Abdelalim
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Self Renewal

scholarly journals The role of Ca2+ signaling on the self-renewal and neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs)

Cell Calcium ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baixia Hao ◽  
Sarah E. Webb ◽  
Andrew L. Miller ◽  
Jianbo Yue
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Renewal
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