scholarly journals Why Do Parents Prefer to Know the Fetal Sex as Part of Invasive Prenatal Testing?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelique J. A. Kooper ◽  
Jacqueline J. P. M. Pieters ◽  
Alex J. Eggink ◽  
Ton B. Feuth ◽  
Ilse Feenstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Genetic Knowledge ◽  
Unborn Child ◽  
Chromosomal Disorders ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Ultrasound Investigation ◽  
Diagnostic Test Result ◽  
Test Result

Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine whether prospective parents, primarily referred for prenatal diagnosis to exclude Down syndrome, prefer to know the fetal sex as part of invasive testing. Methods. In this prospective study 400 pregnant women undergoing amniocentesis were invited to answer a questionnaire, including information about demographic factors, current pregnancy, and previous children. In two open-ended questions they were asked why they wanted to know the fetal sex after amniocentesis or ultrasound investigation. Scores were given for reasons that could have played a role in the wish whether or not to know the sex of their unborn child. Results. A total of 210 (52.5%) questionnaires were completed. Overall, 69.0% was interested to know the fetal sex as part of the diagnostic test result. The most important reasons were curiosity (77.8%), “just want to know” (68.0%), and “because it is possible” (66.8%). The overall knowledge of sex chromosomal disorders appeared low and did not seem to affect the parent’s wish to know the fetal sex. Almost all women (96.6%) planned to have a 20-week ultrasound scan and 96.2% thought the scan to be reliable in detecting the fetal sex. A minority (28%) was willing to learn the fetal sex by ultrasound examination, whereas 65% preferred to learn the fetal sex only after the amniocentesis. Conclusion. Personal values affect the parental desire to know or not to know the fetal sex. This does not appear to be affected by invasive prenatal testing and/or genetic knowledge of sex chromosomal disorders.

scholarly journals Noninvasive prenatal detection of fetal sex chromosome abnormalities using the semiconductor sequencing platform (SSP) in Southern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-734
Author(s):  
Jiexia Yang ◽  
Yaping Hou ◽  
Fangfang Guo ◽  
Haishan Peng ◽  
Dongmei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Clinical Genetic ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Sequencing Platform ◽  
Cell Free Fetal Dna ◽  
Fetal Aneuploidies

Abstract Background Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has been widely used to screen for fetal aneuploidies, including fetal sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs). However, there is less information on the performance of NIPT in detecting SCAs. Methods A cohort of 47,800 pregnancies was recruited to review the high-risk NIPT results for SCAs. Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) was extracted and sequenced. All NIPT high-risk cases were recommended to undergo invasive prenatal diagnosis for karyotyping analysis and chromosome microarray analysis (CMA). Results A total of 238 high-risk cases were detected by NIPT, including 137 cases of 45,X, 27 cases of 47,XXX, and 74 cases of 47,XYY/47,XXY. Prenatal diagnosis, including karyotyping analysis and CMA, was available in 170 cases. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 30.00% for 45,X, 70.58% for 47,XXX, and 81.13% for 47,XYY/47,XXY. In addition, 13 cases of sex chromosome mosaicism and 9 cases of sex chromosome CNVs were incidentally found in this study. Conclusion Our study showed that NIPT was reliable for screening SCAs based on a large sample, and it performed better in predicting sex chromosome trisomies than monosomy X. Our study will provide an important reference for clinical genetic counseling and further processing of the results.

Chromosomal instability in different species of agricultural animals (review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
V. A. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Instability ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Chromosomal Disorders ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Karyotypic Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Almost All

The purpose of the work was to analyze the frequency of chromosomal instability in different species of agricultural animals in Western Siberia on the basis of literature data. The analysis of the literature on the topic of somatic chromosomal instability in agricultural animals has been carried out. Despite the stability of the chromosome set, deviations from it are quite common. It is noteworthy that chromosomal instability is characteristic of almost all individuals in the population and serves as an important indicator for assessing the natural mutability of chromosomes. It has been found if an aberration appeared in one tissue, it is very likely to occur in others. It has been noted that somatic chromosomal instability occurs in animals with reduced reproductive function, as well as those suffering from any pathology. For example, in calves with parakeratosis the increase in the frequency of chromatid and isochromatid breaks has been found. Analysis of the frequency of aberrations in sires, which differ in the level of perinatal mortality of offspring revealed the increased percentage of offspring mortality in fathers with the large number of chromosomal disorders. Therefore, low fertilization, spontaneous abortions and stillbirths may be indications for karyotypic analysis. It has been revealed that the lability of the karyotype is inherent in all animal species, regardless of the species, sex and age, as well as the morphofunctional state. The data on some types of somatic chromosomal instability in different types of farm animals in Western Siberia has been presented. Such indicators as the frequency of polyploidy, the number of cells with fragments of chromosomes, as well as single and paired fragments of chromosomes has been given. Different types of chromosomal instability varied depending on the animal species and climate zone. The presented data can be accepted as a physiological norm and used in veterinary medicine and animal science.

Non-invasive prenatal testing for fetal sex determination: is ultrasound still relevant?

2013 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Colmant ◽  
Michèle Morin-Surroca ◽  
Florent Fuchs ◽  
Hervé Fernandez ◽  
Marie-Victoire Senat
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Determining fetal sex in pregnancy with reference to pregnant women behavior in late pregnancy

2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-89
Author(s):  
Dorota Robak-Chołubek ◽  
Gustaw Chołubek ◽  
Ewa Piróg
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Unborn Child ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Emotional Level ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Introduction. Pregnant women often create their own image of a child. The ultrasound is able to model and modify this picture. The image of the unborn child develops along with the process of creating the space for the baby on the psychological and emotional level and is continued after the delivery. Aim. The authors of the study made an attempt to evaluate the influence of fetal sex determination during ultrasound in pregnancy on emotional and ‘practical’ experiencing late pregnancy - after the 28th week of its duration. Material and methods. The study included 200 pregnant women. Qualification criteria for the research was the declared awareness of fetal sex confirmed by ultrasound. Among others, factors influencing decision to determine fetal sex, emotional bond with the unborn child after identifying the sex, as well as preparation for birth regarding prognosticated sex were assessed. Results. Nearly all pregnant women wanted to find out the fetal sex, usually claiming that they did so out of curiosity. After they did it, about 2/3 of them stated that the emotional bond with the baby increased and the vast majority of women started preparing layettes for their future babies. Conclusions. Determination of fetal sex during ultrasound improves the relationship between the mother and her future baby. It also enables the woman to prepare for childbirth considering its sex by the purchase of clothes, pram and preparation of layette or baby’s room

scholarly journals An Optimized Method for Accurate Fetal Sex Prediction and Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy Detection in Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0159648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Quanze He ◽  
Haibo Li ◽  
Jie Ding ◽  
Ping Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Chromosome Aneuploidy

scholarly journals ULTRASONOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF FETAL SEX -A STUDY ON 630 CASES IN BANGLADESH

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (139) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Monawar Hosian ◽  
S R Milah ◽  
M Saha ◽  
A Begum
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Female Child ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Presentation Position

Ultrasound examination of the fetal perineal area was done in third trimester ofpregnancy to determine the fetal sex. We carried out ultrasound on 621 consecutiveobstetrics patients who attended these centers for obstetric causes referred by theirphysicians. Of them 612 had singleton pregnancy and 9 had twin pregnancy. Weattempted to determine the sex of all fetuses (n=630) based on demonstration of maleand female genitalia. In 585 pregnancies, fetal genitalia were well visualized – theaccuracy rate was thus 92.9%, while the rest 7.1% (n=45) could not be determinedwhich was limited by fetal presentation, position, volume of amniotic fluid and colonicgas. Among the correctly determined cases 384 (65.6%) were male and the rest 201(34.4%) were female. About 91% of the mother desired a male child in contrast toonly 3.1% of the mother who desired a female child prior to ultrasound examination.Interesting enough mothers welcoming female child were all multigravida with previousmale child/children. It needs to mention here that no primae mother welcomed femalechild. Some other aspects of prenatal sex determination have also been discussed inthisarticle.Key Words: Ultrasound, Fetal sex, Bangladesh

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN IPS BERBASIS PERMAINAN MONOPOLI

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Tsuaibatul Islamiyah
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Instructional Media ◽  
Content Expert ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Product Assessment ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Test Result

<p><em>Some students still consider IPS as a boring subject</em><em>. It is because almost all material contains descriptive</em><em> so encourages </em><em>the teacher used a lecture method</em><em>. Many </em><em>students felt sleepy</em><em> when the learning occurred</em><em>.</em><em> Monopoly as one of the fun games could be modified into social instructional media. So that students could be more active and enthusiastic about learning. The aim of this research is</em><em>: (1) </em><em>Produce teaching materials in instructional media form;</em><em> (2)</em><em> Know the validity of instructional media;</em><em> (3) </em><em>Know the ratio of control class and experiment class result. The method</em><em> that is used in this research is the Research and Development (R&amp;D) method, to create teaching material. The subject of product assessment for the worthiness of this </em><em>instructional</em><em> media is divided by 3 experts: content expert, media expert, and learning expert. The target of product trial are the students of grade 8 Islamic Junior High School Student Nurul Ulum Malang</em><em>. </em><em>The result of this research is produced 3D product resemble a monopoly game. The difference is these learning media have material of Indonesia Freedom preparations theme. The result of this development research in the form of monopoly game has the level of eligibility by containing expert validity is 95%, media expert validity is 80%, and learning expert validity is 75%. The average of control class post-test result is 72.5, and experiment class post-test result is 79.1. On gain, score tries out knew that control class was increasing 14.3%, while experiment class was 19.7%. it can be concluded that learning outcome of the class using </em><em>instructional</em><em> media based on social science monopoly game is more increasing than a class which is not using </em><em>instructional</em><em> media based on social scien</em><em>ce monopoly</em><em>.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><strong><em>instructional</em></strong><strong><em> media, monopoly </em></strong><strong><em>g</em></strong><strong><em>ame, social science</em></strong><strong></strong></p>

Maternal Source of False-Positive Fetal Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy in Noninvasive Prenatal Testing

2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. McNamara ◽  
Laura A. Limone ◽  
Thomas Westover ◽  
Richard C. Miller
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Noninvasive Prenatal Testing ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy ◽  
Chromosome Aneuploidy
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