scholarly journals Degradation of Asphaltenic Fraction by Locally Isolated Halotolerant Bacterial Strains

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hager R. Ali ◽  
Nour Sh. El-Gendy ◽  
Yasser M. Moustafa ◽  
Mohamed I. Roushdy ◽  
Ahmed I. Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis

Three halotolerant bacterial species were isolated from locally oil-polluted water sample for their ability to utilize asphaltene (Asph) fraction as sole carbon and energy source. These bacteria degrade 83–96% of 2500 mg/L asphaltene within 21 d at 30°C and pH7. They were identified as Bacillus sp. Asph1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Asph2, and Micrococcus sp. Asph3. A statistically significant difference at 95% confidence level for cell growth and percentage biodegradation (%BD) was observed in all biotreatment flasks relative to noninoculated (–ve control) flasks. Regression analysis estimated a quadratic polynomial equation for Asph biodegradation as a function of cell growth. Gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis revealed decrease in Asph average molecular weights and significant alternations in functional groups after biotreatment, respectively.

scholarly journals New Poly(Hydroxylauric-co-Lactic Acid) Liquid Polymer for Dissolving Lipophilic Drugs

KIMIKA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Florentino C. Sumera ◽  
Shienna Marie A. Pontillas ◽  
Josanelle Angela V. Bilo ◽  
John Marty Mateo
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Liquid Polymer ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
Ft Ir

A liquid, biocompatible polyester based polymer, which could facilitate injectable formulations by simple mixing with the active substance (drug) is much needed by the pharmaceutical companies. A favourite candidate is polylactic acid (PLA) which is biocompatible and biodegradable. However PLA is solid with high crystallinity. Thus, in this research, hydroxylauric acid (HOLA) was copolymerized with lactic acid (LA) in different ratios by polycondensation technique at 180 °C, without a metal catalyst and avoiding the formation of interfering lactides, to provide a liquid polyester. The copolymers molecular weights were determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and their physical states indicated as solid or liquid were noted. The structures as polyesters were confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Poly(HOLA:LA)  products from reactant ratios 0:100 is solid, while ratios of 20:80, 40:60 are mixed (paste) and 60:40, 80:20 and 100:0 are liquids. Thus, the liquid polyesters from the polycondensation of HOLA and LA without catalyst  were picked as potential candidates for dissolving hydrophobic drugs that could be used as injectables in controlled drug delivery experiments.

scholarly journals Exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus helveticus: identification of chemical structure and effect on biscuit duality

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Hussein ◽  
G.S. Ibrahim ◽  
M.M.S. Asker ◽  
M.G. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Dough Development Time ◽  
Addition Level ◽  
Different Levels

Exopolysaccharide (LB-gum) was produced from Lactobacillus helveticus by ethanol precipitation and gel-permeation chromatography. The structures of LB1 and LB2 were estimated by sugar composition analysis, methylation, and FT-IR analysis. The results proved the contents of glucose and galactose in molar ratio of 2:1 and 2.3:1, and molecular weights ~5.4 &times; 10<sup>5</sup> Da and ~20.3 &times; 10<sup>5</sup> Da, respectively. Xanthan and LB-gum were added to wheat flour during biscuits making at levels of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%. Rheological properties and chemical quality attributes of the biscuits during storage for six months were evaluated. The data revealed slight increases in water absorption, dough development time, and dough stability but weakening decreased about 50 %. Also, height, weight, volume, and specific volume were found to increase as xanthan and LB-gum level increased. The colour was slightly affected. There were no significant differences between the samples containing xanthan and LB-gum at different levels with respect to all parameters tested except for the taste. Shelf &ndash; life of biscuit prolonged as a result of xanthan or LB-gum addition. The best addition level to improve the biscuits quality was 1.0% of xanthan or 1.5% of LB-gum. &nbsp;

Photoinactivation of Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the model aquatic microcosm: effect of light intensity and dissolved biodegradable organic compound

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1775-1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moïse Nola ◽  
Armelle G. Simo Matchim ◽  
Olga Blanche Mobili ◽  
Mireille Nougang ◽  
François Krier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compound ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Inhibition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effect Of Light

The impact of light (1,000 × 100,000 lx) on the inactivation of S. aureus and V. parahaemolyticus has been assessed under different concentrations of dissolved biodegradable organic compound (BOC) at pH 7.0. First, a gradual decrease in the number of cultivable cells was observed. Secondly, a cell reactivation was observed and it was marked in the absence of BOC. In the absence of BOC, the lowest value of cell inhibition rate (CIR) during the first 3 h was 0.138 h−1 for S. aureus and 0.218 h−1 for V. parahaemolyticus. In the presence of 10,100 and 1,000 mg/l of BOC, it was 0.196 h−1, 0.243 h−1 and 0.257 h−1 for S. aureus respectively, and 0.285 h−1, 0.306 h−1 and 0.409 h−1 for V. parahaemolyticus respectively. The CIRs values of each bacterial species significantly varied (P&lt;0.001) with the changes in BOC concentration. In most cases, no significant difference was noted in the CIRs of both species when they were under the same light intensity and BOC. Nevertheless, it seems important to consider the impact of dissolved BOC during the treatment of bacterial polluted water.

533 IMPACT OF LOCAL MICROBIOME ON THE ONSET OF ESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A STRATEGY FOR PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ricchitelli
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Gene ◽  
Microbial Species ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract   Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the most aggressive gastrointestinal tumor. High mortality is due to difficulties in diagnosis at an early stage and to its biological aggressive features. Little is know about the association between esophageal microbiome dysbiosis and EAC pathogenesis. The aim of the study is the identification of a specific esophageal local microbiota that can be related to the pathogenesis and to the onset of EAC Methods We investigated the resident microbiome in 38 biopsies from Tumoral (T) and Non-Tumoral (NT) tissues obtained from 19 patients submitted to distal-EAC, cardiac-EAC, ESCC resection in Upper GI Surgery Division, Humanitas Research Hospital (Rozzano, Milano). We have analyzed the microbiota in biopsies obtained from EAC Tumoral tissues (T) and Non-Tumoral tissues (NT). After genomic DNA extraction the V3V4-hypervariable regions of the 16S-rRNA bacterial gene were amplified and sequenced on MiSeq Illumina sequencer. The Bioinformatic Data Analysis has been perfomed using the CLC Genomic Workbench. Results Alpha diversity analysis showed an increased microbial species richness in Esophageal Squamo-Cellular Carcinoma (ESCC) respect to distal/cardiac EAC and tissues without metaplasia. PERMANOVA statistical analysis was applied to estimate Beta Diversity significance. Bray-Curtis index showed a statistically significant different microbiome composition when comparing both cardiac and distal EAC versus ESCC (p-value 0.022 and 0.010 respectively) and when comparing samples with and without metaplasia. Relative abundances analysis obtained after the comparison of distal EAC, cardiac EAC and ESCC identified specific bacterial species in each group. Streptococcus genus is present only in cardiac EAC, Helicobacter pylori only in distal EAC. Conclusion Our study evidenced an increased microbial species richness in samples deriving from ESCC compared to EAC and samples without metaplasia. A significant difference was found comparing EAC with ESCC or with/without metaplasia tissues, mirroring a reduced biodiversity in EAC and metaplasia. We speculated a generalized alteration of the local microbiome from healthy to diseased tissue, characterized by certain bacterial strains that developed through the creation of a chronic inflammatory milieu that triggers the carcinogenic cascade.

scholarly journals Molecular identification of dye degrading bacterial isolates and FT-IR analysis of degraded products

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-570
Author(s):  
Shellina Khan ◽  
Navneet Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Microbial Product ◽  
Water And Soil Samples ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Paenibacillus Thiaminolyticus ◽  
Bacillus Pumilis

In the present study, dye decolorizing bacteria were isolated from water and soil samples, collected from textile industries in Jodhpur province, India. Two bacterial species namely, <i>Bacillus pumilis</i> and <i>Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus</i> were screened and identified based on biochemical characterization. The degradation efficiency of these two microorganisms was compared through optimization of pH, incubation time, initial dye concentration and inoculum size. <i>B. pumilis</i> and <i>P. thiominolyticus</i> were able to degrade 61% and 67% Red HE3B, 81% and 75% Orange F2R, 49.7% and 44.2% Yellow ME4GL and 61.6% and 59.5% Blue RC CT dyes of 800mg/l concentration respectively. The optimum pH and time were found to be 8 within 24 hours. The FT-IR analysis confirmed that microorganisms were able to degrade toxic azo dyes into a non-toxic product as proved through structural modifications to analyze chemical functions in materials by detecting the vibrations that characterize chemical bonds. It is based on the absorption of infrared radiation by the microbial product. Therefore, <i>Bacillus pumilis</i> and <i>Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus</i> are a promising tool for decolorization of dyes due to its potential to effectively decolorize higher azo dye concentrations (10-800 mg/L) and can be exploited for bioremediation.

scholarly journals Bioflocculants Produced by Bacterial Strains Isolated from Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Application in the Removal of Eriochrome Black T Dye from Water

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1545
Author(s):  
Syed Zaghum Abbas ◽  
Yang-Chun Yong ◽  
Moonis Ali Khan ◽  
Masoom Raza Siddiqui ◽  
Afnan Ali Hussain Hakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Eriochrome Black T ◽  
Flocculating Activity ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Four strains of bioflocculant-producing bacteria were isolated from a palm oil mill effluent (POME). The four bacterial strains were identified as Pseudomonas alcaliphila (B1), Pseudomonas oleovorans (B2), Pseudomonas chengduensis (B3), and Bacillus nitratireducens (B4) by molecular identification. Among the four bacterial strains, Bacillus nitratireducens (B4) achieved the highest flocculating activity (49.15%) towards kaolin clay suspension after eight hours of cultivation time and was selected for further studies. The optimum conditions for Eriochrome Black T (EBT) flocculation regarding initial pH, type of cation, and B4 dosage were determined to be pH 2, Ca2⁺ cations, and a dosage of 250 mL/L of nutrient broth containing B4. Under these conditions, above 90% of EBT dye removal was attained. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) analysis of the bioflocculant revealed the presence of hydroxyl, alkyl, carboxyl, and amino groups. This bioflocculant was demonstrated to possess a good flocculating activity, being a promissory, low-cost, harmless, and environmentally friendly alternative for the treatment of effluents contaminated with dyes.

scholarly journals EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL PIGMENT FROM ROSEOMONAS GILARDII YP1 STRAIN IN YERCAUD SOIL

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
SIDDHARTHAN N ◽  
SANDHIYA R ◽  
HEMALATHA N
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Natural Colorant ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Clinical Pathogens ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Objective: The current study is focused on antibacterial pigment production from Yercaud hills region soil bacteria. Methods: In this present study, a soil sample was collected from a coffee plantation in Yercaud, Salem district. The collected soil sample was used to isolate the pigment-producing bacterial strains. The pigments were extracted by acidified ethanol and there used to screen the antibacterial activity against clinical pathogens. The potential antibacterial pigment producer was identifying and the pigment was characterized by ultraviolet spectroscopy, thin-layer chromatography, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and also evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentration of pigment against clinical pathogens. Results: The pigment-producing bacterial strains were isolated from Yercaud soil, among the isolates, YP1 was maximum activity against test pathogens. The potential pigment producer was identified as Roseomonas gilardii. The extracted pigments showed the maximum absorbance at 450 nm and their functional groups were identified using FT-IR analysis. Conclusion: Based on the results, the pigment was extracted from R. gilardii and it may serve as potential antibacterial pigment of interest in the food industries, textile industries in natural colorant, and cosmetic industries.

Polarized microbeam FT-IR analysis of single fibers

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 206-207
Author(s):  
Liling Cho ◽  
David L. Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
Transition Point ◽  
Polymer Fibers ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Wire Grid ◽  
Polyester Fibers ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Wire Grid Polarizer

Polarized infrared microscopy has been used for forensic purposes to differentiate among polymer fibers. Dichroism can be used to compare and discriminate between different polyester fibers, including those composed of polyethylene terephthalate that are frequently encountered during criminal casework. In the fiber manufacturering process, fibers are drawn to develop molecular orientation and crystallinity. Macromolecular chains are oriented with respect to the long axis of the fiber. It is desirable to determine the relationship between the molecular orientation and stretching properties. This is particularly useful on a single fiber basis. Polarized spectroscopic differences observed from a single fiber are proposed to reveal the extent of molecular orientation within that single fiber. In the work presented, we compared the dichroic ratio between unstretched and stretched polyester fibers, and the transition point between the two forms of the same fiber. These techniques were applied to different polyester fibers. A fiber stretching device was fabricated for use on the instrument (IRμs, Spectra-Tech) stage. Tension was applied with a micrometer screw until a “neck” was produced in the stretched fiber. Spectra were obtained from an area of 24×48 μm. A wire-grid polarizer was used between the source and the sample.

Assessment of Bacterial Contamination of Orthodontic Arch wire

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Suha S Hassan ◽  
Nidhal H. Ghaib ◽  
Batool H Al-Ghurabi
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Droplet Transmission

Background: The microorganisms can impend the life of health care professional and particularly the dental practitioners. They can be transmitted by different ways like airborne and droplet transmission. The current study was carried out to identify whether the arch wires that received from the manufactures are free from microbial contamination and to determine the bacterial species attached to the arch wires. Materials and Methods: This study involved eighty samples, consisted of two types of arch wires (nitinol and stainless-steel) from four companies (3M, G&H, Jiscop, OrthoTechnology). These wires inserted in a plane tube that contains 10 -ml of (Tris [tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane] and EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) tris-EDTA and brain heart infusion (BHI) broth. A 0.1 ml was withdrawn from the tube and spread on agar plates. The control groups consist of 16 plane tube (8 tubes with tris-EDTA and other 8 tubes with (BHI). Results: Microbial sampling yielded growth from 5 of the 80 arch wires. The predominant bacteria that isolated were Bacillus spp. No growth was recovered from 75 of the samples and from controls. The bacteria were isolated by BHI reagent and no growth was observed by tris-EDTA reagent with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The Bacillus spp. found only in the G&H and Jiscop companies, however, no statistically significant difference was found among them (P>0.05). With regard to the presence and distribution of bacteria according to the types of wires, the present results clarified that cases of contamination with Bacillus spp. were found in the nitinol arch wires with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results of the current study revealed low count of bacterial contamination in the two types of companies (G&H and Jiscop). Not all materials that received from the manufactures are free from contamination and an effective sterilization regimen is needed to avoid cross-contamination.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Levulinic Ester as Biodiesel Additives

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Elena-Emilia Oprescu ◽  
Cristina-Emanuela Enascuta ◽  
Elena Radu ◽  
Vasile Lavric
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Strength Distribution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ethyl Levulinate ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Biodiesel Blend ◽  
Acid Strength Distribution

In this study, the SO42-/TiO2-La2O3-Fe2O3 catalyst was prepared and tested in the conversion of fructose to ethyl levulinate . The catalyst was characterized from the point of view of the textural analysis, FT-IR analysis, acid strength distribution, X-ray powder diffraction and pyridine adsorption IR spectra. The influence of the reaction parameters on the ethyl levulinate yield was study. The maximum yield of 37.95% in levulinate esters was obtained at 180 �C, 2 g catalyst and 4 h reaction time. The effect of ethyl levulinate addition to diesel-biodiesel blend in different rates, i.e, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 (w.t %) on density, kinematic viscosity and flash point was evaluated and compared with the European specification.

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