scholarly journals Influence of Phosphorus Levels and Phosphorus Solubilizing Fungi on Yield and Nutrient Uptake by Wheat under Sub-Humid Region of Rajasthan, India

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amita Sharma ◽  
U. S. Rawat ◽  
B. K. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Aspergillus Awamori ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of phosphorus levels and phosphorus solubilizing fungi on yield and nutrient uptake by wheat. The dry matter production by wheat at tillering, ear emergence, and harvest was significantly higher with 90 kg P2O5 ha−1 and was at par with 60 kg P2O5 ha−1. Application of Aspergillus awamori gave the highest dry matter accumulation at tillering, ear emergence, and harvest stage of crop growth. Increasing levels of phosphorus increased the grain and straw yield significantly up to 60 kg P2O5 ha−1 of wheat crop. However, the maximum grain and straw yield were obtained at 90 kg P2O5 ha−1, which was at par with 60 kg P2O5 ha−1. The combined application of 60 kg P2O5 ha−1 with A. awamori recorded significantly higher grain and straw yield. Increasing level of P application (0 to 90 kg P2O5 ha−1) and inoculation with A. awamori and A. niger significantly increased uptake of N, P, and K in wheat at all stages of crop growth. The maximum nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptake was recorded at harvest (grain and straw) followed by ear emergence and tillering when seeds were inoculated with Aspergillus awamori.

scholarly journals Physiology and growth of the watermelon grown under nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium rates via mineral and organic fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e2509119677
Author(s):  
Francisco de Sales Oliveira Filho ◽  
Francisco Hevilásio Freire Pereira ◽  
Ewerton Gonçalves de Abrantes ◽  
Pedro Alves dos Santos ◽  
Carlos Alberto Lins Casimiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological and growth responses of watermelon under application of NPK rates using different proportions of mineral and organic fertilizers. The experiment was taken place in an area located at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Campus Pombal - PB (6º48'16'' S and 37º49'15'' W), during the period from June to September 2013. The treatments consisted of three nutrient concentrations of N, P and K (50, 100 and 150% of NPK recommendation for watermelon) and five proportions of mineral and organic fertilizer (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 to 0/100). The design was a randomized block in factorial scheme 3 x 5, with four replications. The amount of 100 % was the corresponding NPK 120 kg ha-1, respectively, for N, P and K. They were evaluated: gas exchange, leaf dry matter, stem, fruit and leaf area. The concentration of 150 % of the recommended NPK to the culture of watermelon was the most effective in increasing the physiological characteristics and dry matter accumulation in stem, leaf, fruit, and leaf area. The combined application of mineral and organic fertilizer provides equivalent photosynthetic rate isolated application of mineral fertilizer with an 50/50 ratio the most effective for this variable. The proportions 75/25 and 50/50 were the most efficient in dry matter accumulation in watermelon.

Dry Matter, Nodulation and Nutrient Uptake in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) as Influenced by Irrigation and Phosphorus

1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Parihar ◽  
R. S. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Eastern India

SUMMARYThe response of chickpea to irrigation and phosphorus was studied at Kharagpur in Eastern India. Irrigation scheduling was based on the ratio between irrigation water applied and cumulative pan evaporation (ID/CPE), and had little effect on dry matter accumulation. Increasing the frequency and amount of irrigation reduced the number and dry weight of nodules per plant, which increased to a maximum 70 days after sowing and then declined. Irrigation significantly reduced grain yield as a result of excessive vegetative growth at the expense of pod formation. Application of phosphorus promoted nodulation and increased both nodule dry weight and the concentration of N, P and K in grain and stover. Uptake of N, P and K by the crop was also increased.

Sowing time and tillage practice affect chickpea yield and nitrogen fixation. 1. Dry matter accumulation and grain yield

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 695 ◽  
Author(s):  
CP Horn ◽  
CJ Birch ◽  
RC Dalal ◽  
JA Doughton
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Tillage Practice ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Sowing Time

Mean protein concentrations in wheat (Triticum aestivum) on the Darling Downs of southern Queensland have fallen below 10% in recent years, preventing farmers from obtaining 'Prime Hard' status (13.0%) for their wheat crop. Two management options, for improving this situation are applications of nitrogenous fertiliser in a wheat monoculture or inclusion of a legume in rotation with wheat. Long-term trials at Warra, on the western Darling Downs, resulted in the selection of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) as a useful grain legume cash crop with potential for improvement of its nitrogen (N) fixing ability through management. This 2-year study examined the effect of sowing time and tillage practice on dry matter yield, grain yield, N accumulation and N2 fixation in chickpea and the subsequent soil N balance. There were 3 sowing times during autumn and winter of each year using conventional tillage (CT). Zero tillage (ZT) was introduced after the first crop for all sowing times. Greater total dry matter yield and grain yield (4.18-5.95 and 1.63-2.25 t/ha, respectively) resulted from sowing in autumn or early winter than from sowing in late winter (3.39-3.86 and 0.97-1.22 kg/ha, respectively). The effects of tillage practice were variable, depending on growth stage. At harvest, ZT plots produced greater total dry matter yield (4.20 t/ha) and grain yield (1.94 t/ha) than CT plots (3.01 and 1.29 t/ha, respectively), whereas at the time of maximum dry matter, yield was higher under CT for autumn sowings, and under ZT for winter sowings.

Environmental pH influences growth and tissue chemistry of the submersed macrophyte Vallisneria americana

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Grisé ◽  
John E. Titus ◽  
Daniel J. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vallisneria Americana ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Tissue Calcium ◽  
Tissue Nitrogen ◽  
Freshwater Macrophyte ◽  
Phosphorus Levels ◽  
Tissue Chemistry

Wild celery (Vallisneria americana, Hydrocharitaceae) is a common submersed freshwater macrophyte rarely reported from lakes with pH below 6. Plants grown in a greenhouse on a uniform sediment within pH-controlled tanks all survived 60 days at pH 5 but showed reduced dry matter accumulation (by 76%), leaf area (by 79%), and rosette and winter bud production (by 44 and 63%, respectively) compared with plants grown at pH 7.5. The sensitivity of this plant to only moderate acidity did not differ for plants in water acidified to pH 5 by a combination of H2SO4 and HNO3 or by HCl, indicating that the former acids exerted no fertilizing effects to counter the detrimental influence of acidification. Tissue nitrogen and phosphorus levels were well above the critical concentrations previously reported for this species. Tissue calcium and manganese concentrations showed no clear relationship to treatment pH. Both aluminum and iron levels in tissues were twofold to threefold higher for the smaller plants grown at pH 5 (means of 1970 and 3090 μg/g, respectively), suggesting that metal toxicity may have caused growth reduction at low pH.

Growth, nutrient uptake and yield of tanier (Xanthosoma spp.) grown under semiarid conditions

1969 ◽  
Vol 78 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
Ricardo Goenaga
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Class A ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Optimum Water ◽  
Semiarid Conditions

There is tittle information regarding optimum water requirement for tanier grown under semiarid conditions with irrigation. A study was conducted to determine the growth, nutrient uptake and yield performance of tanier plants irrigated with the equivalent of fractions of evapotranspiration. The irrigation regimes were based on class A pan factors ranging from 0.33 to 1.32 with increments of 0.33. Tanier plants grown under field conditions were harvested for biomass production about every 6 weeks during the growing season. At each harvest, plants were separated into various plant parts to determine dry matter accumulation, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Zn uptake and yield. During the first 278 days after planting, plants replenished with 99 and 132% of the water lost through evapotranspiration (WLET) exhibited similar total dry matter content; however, their dry matter content was significantly greater than that in plants supplied with 33 and 66% WLET. The amount of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Zn taken up by plants replenished with 99 and 132 WLET was similar, whereas the content of these nutrients in plants replenished with 33 and 66% WLET was considerably lower. The yield of plants replenished with 99% WLET was considerably greater than that of plants supplied with 33 and 66% WLET, but significantly lower than that from plants receiving 132% WLET. Maximum cormel yields of 19,479 kg/ha were obtained from plants replenished with 132% WLET.

scholarly journals Crop Growth and Yield Losses in Wheat Due to Little Seed Canary Grass Infestation Differ with Weed Densities and Changes in Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. HUSSAIN ◽  
A. KHALIQ ◽  
A.A. BAJWA ◽  
A. MATLOOB ◽  
A. AREEB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Canary Grass

ABSTRACT: Understanding the weed interference with different sowing times of crop is inevitable for forecasting yield losses by weed infestation and designing sustainable weed management systems. A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of sowing dates (20th November, 10th December) and various little seed canary grass (LCG) infestation levels (10, 20, 30 and 40 plant m-2) on growth and yield of wheat under semiarid conditions. Plots with two natural infestations of weeds including LCG (Unweeded control; UWC) and excluding LCG (UWC-LCG) were maintained for comparing its interference in pure stands with designated densities. A season-long weed-free (WFC) treatment was also run. All the weeds/LCG infestation levels starting from 10 LCG plants m-2 considerably reduced the wheat growth (leaf area index, crop growth rate, total dry matter accumulation) and hampered the yield contributing factors in both sowing dates. Presence of LCG was more detrimental for growth of late-sown wheat (10th Dec), therefore, 40 LCG plants m-2 recorded more reductions in growth indices of wheat even than UWC. In late sown wheat crop, the grain yield losses by 40 LCG plants m-2 and UWC were comparable, however, these losses were much greater than UWC LCG. In crux, delay in sowing of wheat not only reduced the crop growth and yield but also enhanced the LCG/weed interference. Furthermore, greater competitive ability of LCG particularly for late-sown wheat suggests that it should be controlled in order to provide healthy environment for crop plants.

scholarly journals Effect of bacteria containing bio-fertilizer on Cd-tolerance of corn and sunflower seedlings in nutrient solution

2009 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Éva Gajdos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Cadmium Ion ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Cadmium Treatment

Bio-fertilizers promote the nutrition uptake, firstly enhance the baring and mobility of nutrients, on the other hand biofertilizers elevate nutrient uptake in direct way. Although there are a lot of questions about their application in polluted soils. The  cadmium ion is easily collectable and also transportable inside plants. Thus the Cd can get into the food-chain causing public health problems. The cadmium treatment decreases the dry matter accumulation, and the intensity of photosynthesis at the experimental plants, while the treatments with bio-fertilizer increased these parameters. The cadmium accumulated in the roots, the transport to the shoots was low. We came to the conclusion, that –because of the different nutrient-uptake systemthe sunflower took up more cadmium. Using bacterium containing bio-fertilizer the toxic effect of cadmium was moderated. By our experimental results the use of Phylazonit is offered under contaminated conditions.

scholarly journals Exceeding Potassium and Zinc Application Rate above Farmers Practiced Rate Improves Dry Matter Partitioning, Photosynthetic Attributes, Yield and Quality of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Dryland Condition

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Subhradip Bhattacharjee ◽  
V. M. Bhale ◽  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Sheilendra Kumar ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Zinc Application ◽  
Photosynthetic Attributes

Aims: This field experiment was conducted to compare the combined application of different rates of potassium and zinc application against the standard farmers practised application rate based on dry matter distribution, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, sub stomatal C02 concentration, stomatal conductance, grain yield and quality attributes (protein and carbohydrate content and yield).  Place and Duration of Study: This short-term field trial was conducted on the Agronomy Research Farm of Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra, India on the Kharif (Post monsoon) season of 2016. Methodology: The experiment was conducted in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with two factors i.e., potassium and zinc, each having three levels. The experiment was replicated thrice. The three potassium levels were 30, 60 and 90 kg K2O ha-1 while the zinc was applied 20, 30 and 40 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1 as three distinctive levels.  A short duration dwarf maize cultivar Ravi-81 was used for the experiment. Results: Perusal of experiment results confirmed that potassium and zinc have positive interaction even in short duration crop under dryland condition. The higher dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, photosynthetic attributes, yield, protein content, protein yield, and carbohydrate yield has been recorded with the application of potassium at a rate of 60 kg K2O ha-1 along with zinc application of 30 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1 which has been found to be statistically superior over farmers adopted practice (30 kg K2O ha-1 along with zinc application of 20 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha-1). Conclusion: Combined application of potassium and zinc has positive interaction on each other, and the increased rate is needed to meet the demand for short duration high yielding maize crop for enhanced growth, yield and quality attributes.

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