scholarly journals Mitochondrial Markers for Cancer: Relevance to Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prognosis and General Understanding of Malignant Disease Mechanisms

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boel De Paepe
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Pathologic Evaluation ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Diagnosis Therapy

Cancer cells display changes that aid them to escape from cell death, sustain their proliferative powers, and shift their metabolism toward glycolytic energy production. Mitochondria are key organelles in many metabolic and biosynthetic pathways, and the adaptation of mitochondrial function has been recognized as crucial to the changes that occur in cancer cells. This paper zooms in on the pathologic evaluation of mitochondrial markers for diagnosing and staging of human cancer and determining the patients’ prognoses.

Treatment of human cancer cells with selenite or tellurite in combination with auranofin enhances cell death due to redox shift

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pia Rigobello ◽  
Valentina Gandin ◽  
Alessandra Folda ◽  
Anna-Klara Rundlöf ◽  
Aristi P. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Human Cancer Cells

scholarly journals The Application of Embelin for Cancer Prevention and Therapy

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hyeon Ko ◽  
Seok-Geun Lee ◽  
Woong Yang ◽  
Jae-Young Um ◽  
Gautam Sethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Stat3 Signaling ◽  
Oncogenic Pathways ◽  
Cell Death Mechanisms

Embelin is a naturally-occurring benzoquinone compound that has been shown to possess many biological properties relevant to human cancer prevention and treatment, and increasing evidence indicates that embelin may modulate various characteristic hallmarks of tumor cells. This review summarizes the information related to the various oncogenic pathways that mediate embelin-induced cell death in multiple cancer cells. The mechanisms of the action of embelin are numerous, and most of them induce apoptotic cell death that may be intrinsic or extrinsic, and modulate the NF-κB, p53, PI3K/AKT, and STAT3 signaling pathways. Embelin also induces autophagy in cancer cells; however, these autophagic cell-death mechanisms of embelin have been less reported than the apoptotic ones. Recently, several autophagy-inducing agents have been used in the treatment of different human cancers, although they require further exploration before being transferred from the bench to the clinic. Therefore, embelin could be used as a potential agent for cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Effect of Calomelanone, a Dihydrochalcone Analogue, on Human Cancer Apoptosis/Regulated Cell Death in an In Vitro Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Wasitta Rachakhom ◽  
Ratana Banjerdpongchai
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Autophagic Flux ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Human Cancer Cells ◽  
Regulated Cell Death

Calomelanone, 2 ′ ,6 ′ -dihydroxy-4,4 ′ -dimethoxydihydrochalcone, possesses anticancer activities. This study was conducted to investigate the cytotoxic effect of calomelanone, a dihydrochalcone analogue, on human cancer cells and its associated mechanisms. The cytotoxic effect of calomelanone was measured by MTT assay. Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide and DiOC6 staining that employed flow cytometry were used to determine the mode of cell death and reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP), respectively. Caspase activities were measured using specific substrates and colorimetric analysis. The expression levels of Bcl-2 family proteins were determined by immunoblotting. Reactive oxygen species were also measured using 2 ′ ,7 ′ -dihydrodichlorofluorescein diacetate and dihydroethidium (fluorescence dyes). Calomelanone was found to be toxic towards various human cancer cells, including acute promyelocytic HL-60 and monocytic leukemic U937 cells, in a dose-dependent manner at 24 h and human hepatocellular HepG2 cells at 48 h. However, the proliferation of HepG2 cells increased at 24 h. Calomelanone was found to induce apoptosis in HL-60 and U937 at 24 h and HepG2 apoptosis at 48 h via the intrinsic pathway by inducing MTP disruption. This compound also induced caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 activities. Calomelanone upregulated proapoptotic Bax and Bak and downregulated antiapoptotic Bcl-xL proteins in HepG2 cells. Moreover, signaling was also associated with oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Calomelanone induced autophagy at 24 h of treatment, which was evidenced by staining with monodansylcadaverine (MDC) to represent autophagic flux. This was associated with a decrease of Akt (survival pathway) and an upregulation of Atg5 (the marker of autophagy). Thus, calomelanone induced apoptosis/regulated cell death in HL-60, U937, and HepG2 cells. However, it also induced autophagy in HepG2 depending on duration, dose, and type of cells. Thus, calomelanone could be used as a potential anticancer agent for cancer treatment. Nevertheless, acute and chronic toxicity should be further investigated in animals before conducting investigations in human patients.

An optimized retinoic acid-inducible gene I agonist M8 induces immunogenic cell death markers in human cancer cells and dendritic cell activation

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1479-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Castiello ◽  
Alessandra Zevini ◽  
Elisabetta Vulpis ◽  
Michela Muscolini ◽  
Matteo Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Immunogenic Cell Death ◽  
Dendritic Cell Activation ◽  
Human Cancer Cells ◽  
Inducible Gene

scholarly journals Artesunate Induces Cell Death in Human Cancer Cells via Enhancing Lysosomal Function and Lysosomal Degradation of Ferritin

2014 ◽  
Vol 289 (48) ◽  
pp. 33425-33441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nai-Di Yang ◽  
Shi-Hao Tan ◽  
Shukie Ng ◽  
Yin Shi ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Lysosomal Degradation ◽  
Lysosomal Function ◽  
Human Cancer Cells

Abstract 4442: Inhibition of SIAH E3 ligase function leads to increased cell death in metastatic human cancer cells

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zena M. Urban ◽  
Lauren van Reesema ◽  
Minglei Bian ◽  
Thomas C. Smyrk ◽  
Gloria Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Human Cancer Cells ◽  
Ligase Function

scholarly journals Par-4 regulates autophagic cell death in human cancer cells via upregulating p53 and BNIP3

2020 ◽  
Vol 1867 (7) ◽  
pp. 118692
Author(s):  
Faisal Thayyullathil ◽  
Anees Rahman Cheratta ◽  
Siraj Pallichankandy ◽  
Karthikeyan Subburayan ◽  
Saeed Tariq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Autophagic Cell Death ◽  
Human Cancer Cells
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