scholarly journals Effect of Echium amoenum Fisch. et Mey a Traditional Iranian Herbal Remedy in an Experimental Model of Acute Pancreatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Abed ◽  
Mohsen Minaiyan ◽  
Alireza Ghannadi ◽  
Parvin Mahzouni ◽  
Mohammad Reza Babavalian
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pathological Alteration ◽  
Echium Amoenum ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Acute pancreatitis is a morbid inflammatory condition of pancreas with limited specific therapy. Enhanced oxidative stress plays an important role in induction and progression of acute pancreatitis. So reducing oxidative stress may relieve this pathogenic process. Echium amoenum Fisch. and Mey has been implemented in Iranian folk medicine for several centuries. Antioxidant, analgesic, immunomodulatory, and anxiolytic properties of E. amoenum suggest that this plant may have beneficial effects in the management of acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of petals of E. amoenum extract (EAE) on a murine model of pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis was induced by five intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cerulein (50 μg/kg) with 1h intervals which was characterized by pancreatic inflammation and increase in the serum level of digestive enzymes, in comparison to normal mice. EAE (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) was administered i.p., 30 minutes before induction of pancreatitis. Pretreatment with EAE (400 mg/kg) reduced significantly the inflammatory response of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis by ameliorating pancreatic edema, amylase and lipase serum levels, proinflammatory cytokines, myeloperoxidase activity, lipid peroxidation and pathological alteration. These results show that EAE attenuates the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis with an anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects.

scholarly journals Effect of Diazepam on Severity of Acute Pancreatitis: Possible Involvement of Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Abed ◽  
Mohsen Minaiyan ◽  
Azadeh Safaei ◽  
Diana Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Benzodiazepine Receptors ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Pathological Alteration ◽  
Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Acute pancreatitis is a lethal inflammatory condition of pancreas with high mortality rate. There is a pressing need for research to explore active agents and novel mechanisms involving in the treatment of pancreatitis. Clinical studies have shown after the initial acinar cell injury plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are elevated in patients with acute pancreatitis and the degree of cytokine elevation correlates with disease severity. Diazepam may decrease interleukin release from macrophages, suppress neutrophil activities, and exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. So it is expected that in vivo pretreatment of acute pancreatitis with different doses of diazepam can attenuate its severity. Thus, we evaluated the effects of diazepam, intraperitoneally (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg i.p.), intracerebroventricularly (ICV 10 μg), and concurrently with flumazenil (1 mg/kg) on cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Interestingly, the pretreatment with diazepam (5 mg/kg i.p.) reduced significantly the inflammatory response of acute pancreatitis by ameliorating pancreatic edema, amylase and lipase serum levels, myeloperoxidase activity, pancreatic TNF-alpha, and pathological alteration compared to control group. Diazepam i.c.v. was ineffective, suggesting that central benzodiazepine receptors have no significant role in this property. These results demonstrate that pretreatment with diazepam exhibits anti-inflammatory property in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis possibly through peripheral benzodiazepine receptors.

scholarly journals Is there a therapeutic window for pentoxifylline after the onset of acute pancreatitis?

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Mendonça Coelho ◽  
Tiago Alexandre Kunitake ◽  
Marcel Cerqueira Cesar Machado ◽  
Joilson Oliveira Martins ◽  
Rosely Antunes Patzina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Necrosis Factor

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) in experimental acute pancreatitis (AP) starting drug administration after the induction of the disease. METHODS: One hundred male Wistar rats were submitted to taurocholate-induced AP and divided into three groups: Group Sham: sham-operated rats, Group Saline: AP plus saline solution, and Group PTX: AP plus PTX. Saline solution and PTX were administered 1 hour after induction of AP. At 3 hours after AP induction, peritoneal levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 levels were assayed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Determinations of lung myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), histological analysis of lung and pancreas, and mortality study were performed. RESULTS: PTX administration 1 hour after induction of AP caused a significant decrease in peritoneal levels of TNF-α and in serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10 when compared to the saline group. There were no differences in lung MPO activity between the two groups with AP. A decrease in mortality was observed in the PTX treatment compared to the saline group. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of PTX after the onset of AP decreased the systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokines, raising the possibility that there is an early therapeutic window for PTX after the initiation of AP.

scholarly journals Amelioratory Effect of Nanoconjugated Vancomycin on Spleen during VRSA-Induced Oxidative Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhankari Prasad Chakraborty ◽  
Santanu KarMahapatra ◽  
Sumanta Kumar Sahu ◽  
Panchanan Pramanik ◽  
Somenath Roy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Potential Use

Objective. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible antioxidant effects of nanoconjugated vancomycin against VRSA infection on select makers of oxidative damage and antioxidant status in spleen. Methods. A coagulase-positive VRSA strain was used for this study. VRSA infection was developed in Swiss mice by intraperitoneal injection of 5 × 106 CFU/mL bacterial solutions. VRSA-infected mice were treated with nanoconjugated vancomycin at its effective dose for 10 days. After decapitation, blood was used for determination of viable bacteria count and spleen was excised from control and experimental groups, homogenized and used for different biochemical estimations. Results. Nitrate level, myeloperoxidase activity, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, oxidized glutathione, and DNA fragmentation level were increased significantly (P<0.05) in spleen of VRSA-infected group as compared to control group, and reduced glutathione level, activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, and GST were decreased significantly (P<0.05); which were increased or decreased significantly (P<0.05) near to normal in nanoconjugated vancomycin-treated group. Conclusion. These findings suggest the potential use and beneficial role of nanoconjugated vancomycin against VRSA-infection-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in spleen.

Phycocyanin and phycocyanobilin fromSpirulina platensisprotect against diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting oxidative stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (2) ◽  
pp. R110-R120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Toyoshi Inoguchi ◽  
Shuji Sasaki ◽  
Yasutaka Maeda ◽  
Mark F. McCarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Diabetic Vascular Complications ◽  
Tumor Growth Factor ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

We and other investigators have reported that bilirubin and its precursor biliverdin may have beneficial effects on diabetic vascular complications, including nephropathy, via its antioxidant effects. Here, we investigated whether phycocyanin derived from Spirulina platensis, a blue-green algae, and its chromophore phycocyanobilin, which has a chemical structure similar to that of biliverdin, protect against oxidative stress and renal dysfunction in db/db mice, a rodent model for Type 2 diabetes. Oral administration of phycocyanin (300 mg/kg) for 10 wk protected against albuminuria and renal mesangial expansion in db/db mice, and normalized tumor growth factor-β and fibronectin expression. Phycocyanin also normalized urinary and renal oxidative stress markers and the expression of NAD(P)H oxidase components. Similar antioxidant effects were observed following oral administration of phycocyanobilin (15 mg/kg) for 2 wk. Phycocyanobilin, bilirubin, and biliverdin also inhibited NADPH dependent superoxide production in cultured renal mesangial cells. In conclusion, oral administration of phycocyanin and phycocyanobilin may offer a novel and feasible therapeutic approach for preventing diabetic nephropathy.

scholarly journals Serum levels of antioxidants and its supplementation in people living with HIV: integrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Aline Roberta Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Patricia Dias de Brito
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Living With Hiv

Objective: To conduct an integrative review of serum levels of antioxidants and the effects of their supplementation on people living with HIV (PLHIV). Methods: A research was performed in the electronic databases LILACS and MEDLINE, using the descriptors "HIV" AND "antioxidants"; 110 publications were identified, 92 of which were available in the MEDLINE database and 3 in the LILACS database. After applying the exclusion criteria, 8 articles were selected for final evaluation.Results: The studies selected for the review were divided into 4 prospective observational studies and 4 clinical trials with supplementation of antioxidants or food sources of antioxidants. We observed that the initiation of antiretroviral therapy and its prolonged use negatively influenced the parameters of oxidative stress, and that deficiency of antioxidants was associated with more significant damage to mitochondrial DNA. Supplementation of foods that are sources of antioxidants, such as dark chocolate and spirulina, has had beneficial effects on serum lipids and antioxidant capacity. Conclusion: Clinical trials with a more robust methodology, supplementation of isolated nutrients, for more extended periods of intervention, and with the assessment of food consumption are necessary to elucidate their effects on oxidative stress in PLHIV faced with factors such as the use of antiretroviral therapy and changes in metabolic rates of this population.

scholarly journals Quercetin and curcumin effects in experimental pleural inflammation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Bidian ◽  
Daniela-Rodica Mitrea ◽  
Olivia Gabriela Vasile ◽  
Adriana Filip ◽  
Adriana Florinela Cătoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Background. The inflammatory mechanisms occur with the highest prevalence in pulmonary pathology. In pharmaceutical industry, carrageenan is used as a pro-inflammatory agent when the activity of anti-inflammatory agents is tested. The oxidative stress represents the imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants which can lead to the activation of the oxidative mechanisms with noxius potential to the body. In experimental studies, quercetin is the most active flavonoid, having the highest anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Curcumin has antioxidant effects that are similar to those of the standard antioxidants and exerts direct anti-inflammatory activity. Aims. The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant effects of quercetin and curcumin on a carrageenan-induced pleural inflammation. Methods. Eight groups of adult male rats were used: Ia and Ib -control groups, IIa and IIb -with carrageenan administration, IIIa and IIIb -with curcumin and carrageenan, IVa and IVb -with quercetin and carrageenan administration. Blood and lung samples were taken at 4 hours (Ia, IIa, IIIa, IVa groups) and at 24 hours (Ib, IIb, IIIb, IVb groups) after carrageenan administration. Results. In serum, at 4 and at 24 hours, curcumin and quercetin showed protective effects, reducing the oxidative stress (malondialdehyde significantly decreased) and stimulating the antioxidant protection (ceruloplasmin and glutathione significantly increased) in rats with administration of these substances, in comparison to the group that received only carrageenan. In the lungs, at 4 hours, the oxidative stress was significantly reduced only in the rats that received quercetin (malondialdehyde significantly decreased), modifications that were not observed at 24 hours.     Conclusions. In serum, curcumin presented higher antioxidant effects, compared to quercetin. In lungs, quercetin administration showed superior beneficial effects, but only temporarily.

scholarly journals Chaya Leaf Decreased Triglycerides and Improved Oxidative Stress in Subjects With Dyslipidemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Guevara-Cruz ◽  
Isabel Medina-Vera ◽  
Trinidad Eugenia Cu-Cañetas ◽  
Yusef Cordero-Chan ◽  
Nimbe Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Chaya is an edible leaf popular in Mexico and Central America because of its high nutritional value. Studies in animal models have demonstrated the beneficial effects of Chaya, which include reduction of circulating lipids and increase in antioxidant activity. However, its hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects have not been demonstrated in humans. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Chaya on the lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression in a population with dyslipidemia. We performed a single-arm trial in 30 participants with dyslipidemia who consumed 500 mL of Chaya beverage per day over a 6-week period. Interestingly, we observed a significant decrease in serum triglyceride concentration (P &lt; 0.05) and an increase in plasma antioxidant activity and polyphenol concentration (P &lt; 0.005) after 6 weeks of Chaya consumption. This was accompanied by a reduction in the oxidative stress marker MDA (P &lt; 0.0001) and by an increase in the antioxidant enzyme CAT expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P &lt; 0.001). Altogether, our results demonstrate that consumption of Chaya has hypotriglyceridemic and antioxidant effects in subjects with dyslipidemia.

The Effects of a 5-Chromene-yl-thiazolidin-2,4-dione Derivative in Alleviating Oxidative Stress in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2361-2365
Author(s):  
Irina C. Chis ◽  
Doina Baltaru ◽  
Simona Clichici ◽  
Ovidiu Oniga ◽  
Ileana Cojocaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Intraplantar Injection ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameter ◽  
Life Therapy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that reduces life quality and requires long-life therapy. Quercetin (Que) is a natural flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. (3-(2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-5-((6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methylene) thiazolidine-2,4-dione (TZD) is a thiazolidinedione derivative synthesized in our laboratory. This study was designed to investigate the antioxidant effects of the Que and TZD derivative administration in adjuvant-induced arthritic (AIA) rats. AIA was induced in Wistar rats by the intraplantar injection of Freund�s complete adjuvant (FCA), unilaterally in the right hind paw. The control non-arthritic rats and the arthritic rats were treated with Que (30 mg/kg/day) or TZD derivative (12 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. The antioxidant effects of 5-chromen-yl- thiazolidinedione were compared to Que. The serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) groups, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity were assessed. AIA rats showed significatly increased oxidative stress parameter levels in the blood. The results indicated that the TZD derivative decreased the blood oxidative stress parameters in the treated arthritic rats, compared to Que. The antioxidant effects of 5-chromen-yl-thiazolidinedione in AIA suggest its therapeutic properties for the clinical treatment of RA.

scholarly journals Sirtuins: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Defense against Oxidative Stress in Spinal Cord Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jialiang Lin ◽  
Zhencheng Xiong ◽  
Jionghui Gu ◽  
Zhuoran Sun ◽  
Jiang Shuai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Secondary Injury ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Primary Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most incapacitating neurological disorders. It involves complex pathological processes that include a primary injury and a secondary injury phase, or a delayed stage, which follows the primary injury and contributes to the aggravation of the SCI pathology. Oxidative stress, a key pathophysiological event after SCI, contributes to a cascade of inflammation, excitotoxicity, neuronal and glial apoptosis, and other processes during the secondary injury phase. In recent years, increasing evidence has demonstrated that sirtuins are protective toward the pathological process of SCI through a variety of antioxidant mechanisms. Notably, strategies that modulate the expression of sirtuins exert beneficial effects in cellular and animal models of SCI. Given the significance and novelty of sirtuins, we summarize the oxidative stress processes that occur in SCI and discuss the antioxidant effects of sirtuins in SCI. We also highlight the potential of targeting sirtuins for the treatment of SCI.

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of Spirogyra Neglecta Extract on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Mesbahzadeh ◽  
Seyed Ali Rajaei ◽  
Parnia Tarahomi ◽  
Seyed Ali Seyedinia ◽  
Mehrnoush Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Oxidative Damages

AbstractObjectivesThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation of Spirogyra algae on oxidative damages and inflammatory responses in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.MethodsDiabetes was induced by administration of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin. A total of sixty-four rats were divided into eight groups of eight rats each as follows:1) non-diabetic control; 2, 3, and 4) non-diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae/kg/d; 5) control diabetic; and 6, 7, and 8) diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae extract. At the end of the trial, the serum concentrations of glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were examined by specified procedures.ResultsOur findings indicated that the administration of STZ significantly increased the serum concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, CRP, IL-6, TNF-a, and MDA and decreased the serum levels of GSH and TAS (P<0.05) in diabetic rats. Oral administration of Spirogyra alleviated adverse effects of diabetes on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in diabetic rats (P<0.05).ConclusionIt can be stated that Spirogyra algae extract can be used for treatment of diabetes likely due to prevention of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation in the rat model.

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