scholarly journals ¿Es necesaria la medición de la T3 para el diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo primario?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Carlos Alfonso Builes Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Free T3 ◽  
Low T3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Las Mujeres

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el papel de la T3 en la valoración o diagnóstico de pacientes con hipotiroidismo primario.Se evaluaron 206 registros de pacientes. El 31,6% fueron hombres y el 68,4% mujeres. La edad promedio fue de 46,2, para los hombres 47,8 ±16,6 (rango entre 16 y 87 años) y para las mujeres 45,5±17,5 (rango entre 17 y 83). El valor promedio de TSH fue 75,3± 89 mUI/L (rango entre 10,5 y 490).En los pacientes con TSH entre 10 y 19,9 mUI/L, los valores de T4 libre estuvieron por debajo del rango normal en 31,2%, con un promedio de 0,77±0,06 ng/dl y con un valor promedio de TSH de 17,36 mUI/L. En este grupo (n=48 pacientes), todas las mediciones de T3 (libre o total) estuvieron dentro del rango normal.Los valores bajos de T3 se encontraron en 78 de 206 pacientes (37,8%), cuyo valor promedio de TSH fue 136±115 en el grupo de T3 libre (46 de 124) y 124±123 mUI/L en el grupo de T3 total (32 de 82). En cinco pacientes (6,4%) se encontró T3 baja, con T4 libre dentro del rango normal de referencia, con un valor promedio de TSH de 28,1±11,9 mUI/L, promedio de T4 libre 1,07±0,02 ng/dl.Se confirma la falta de utilidad de medir la T3 en el diagnóstico del hipotiroidismo primario. Los valores bajos de T3 se encontraron en aquellos pacientes con hipotiroidismo primario avanzado (TSH promedio de 136 mUI/L)Abstract The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of T3 in the evaluation or diagnosis of patients with primary hypothyroidism. Two hundred and six patients with primary hypothyroidism were included in the study. 31.6% were male and 68.4% were female. The mean age was 46.2 years for men 47.8 ±16.6 (range 16-87 years) and for women 45.5±17.5 (range 17-83). The mean value of TSH was 75.3± 89 mUI/L (between 10.5 y 490). In the group of patients with TSH level between 10 and 10.9 mUI/L the T4 was low in 31.2%, with a median of 0.77±0.06 ng/ dl, and mean TSH value of 17.36 mUI/L. In that group (n: 48) the T3 measurements was normal in all patients. Low T3 was found in 78 of 206 patients (37.8%), with a mean of TSH of 136±115 in the free T3 group (46 of 124) and mean TSH: 124±123 mUI/L in the total T3 group (32 de 82). In 5 patients (6.4%) we found low T3 with normal free T4 with a mean TSH of 28.1±11.9 mUI/L, free T4 mean 1.07±0.02 ng/ dl. This study confirms the lack of utility of measurement of T3 for the diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism. Low T3 levels were found in cases of severe hypothyroidism ( mean TSH: 136 mUI/L).

SERUM THYROTROPHIN AND THE RESPONSE TO THYROTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE IN SYMPTOMLESS AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS AND IN BORDERLINE AND OVERT HYPOTHYROIDISM

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gordin ◽  
P. Saarinen ◽  
R. Pelkonen ◽  
B.-A. Lamberg
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT Serum thyrotrophin (TSH) was determined by the double-antibody radioimmunoassay in 58 patients with primary hypothyroidism and was found to be elevated in all but 2 patients, one of whom had overt and one clinically borderline hypothyroidism. Six (29%) out of 21 subjects with symptomless autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) had an elevated serum TSH level. There was little correlation between the severity of the disease and the serum TSH values in individual cases. However, the mean serum TSH value in overt hypothyroidism (93.4 μU/ml) was significantly higher than the mean value both in clinically borderline hypothyroidism (34.4 μU/ml) and in SAT (8.8 μU/ml). The response to the thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) was increased in all 39 patients with overt or borderline hypothyroidism and in 9 (43 %) of the 21 subjects with SAT. The individual TRH response in these two groups showed a marked overlap, but the mean response was significantly higher in overt (149.5 μU/ml) or clinically borderline hypothyroidism (99.9 μU/ml) than in SAT (35.3 μU/ml). Thus a normal basal TSH level in connection with a normal response to TRH excludes primary hypothyroidism, but nevertheless not all patients with elevated TSH values or increased responses to TRH are clinically hypothyroid.

Long-term dynamics and destruction of marsh vegetation in the Kolokolkova Bay of the Barents Sea

2012 ◽  
pp. 66-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Lavrinenko ◽  
O. V. Lavrinenko ◽  
D. V. Dobrynin
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Marsh Vegetation ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

The satellite images show that the area of marshes in the Kolokolkova bay was notstable during the period from 1973 up to 2011. Until 2010 it varied from 357 to 636 ha. After a severe storm happened on July 24–25, 2010 the total area of marshes was reduced up to 43–50 ha. The mean value of NDVI for studied marshes, reflecting the green biomass, varied from 0.13 to 0.32 before the storm in 2010, after the storm the NDVI decreased to 0.10, in 2011 — 0.03. A comparative analysis of species composition and structure of plant communities described in 2002 and 2011, allowed to evaluate the vegetation changes of marshes of the different topographic levels. They are fol­lowing: a total destruction of plant communities of the ass. Puccinellietum phryganodis and ass. Caricetum subspathaceae on low and middle marches; increasing role of halophytic species in plant communities of the ass. Caricetum glareosae vic. Calamagrostis deschampsioides subass. typicum on middle marches; some changes in species composition and structure of plant communities of the ass. Caricetum glareosae vic. Calamagrostis deschampsioides subass. festucetosum rubrae on high marches and ass. Parnassio palustris–Salicetum reptantis in transition zone between marches and tundra without changes of their syntaxonomy; a death of moss cover in plant communities of the ass. Caricetum mackenziei var. Warnstorfia exannulata on brackish coastal bogs. The possible reasons of dramatic vegetation dynamics are discussed. The dating of the storm makes it possible to observe the directions and rates of the succession of marches vegetation.

Seasonal trends in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater runoff in a subarctic catchment at Okstindan, Norway

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Gurney ◽  
D.S.L. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stable Isotopic Composition ◽  
Meltwater Runoff ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Δ18o And Δd

Seasonal variations in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater were investigated in a sub-arctic, mountainous, but non-glacial, catchment at Okstindan in northern Norway based on analyses of δ18O and δD. Samples were collected during four field periods (August 1998; April 1999; June 1999 and August 1999) at three sites lying on an altitudinal transect (740–970 m a.s.l.). Snowpack data display an increase in the mean values of δ18O (increasing from a mean value of −13.51 to −11.49‰ between April and August), as well as a decrease in variability through the melt period. Comparison with a regional meteoric water line indicates that the slope of the δ18O–δD line for the snowpacks decreases over the same period, dropping from 7.49 to approximately 6.2.This change points to the role of evaporation in snowpack ablation and is confirmed by the vertical profile of deuterium excess. Snowpack seepage data, although limited, also suggest reduced values of δD, as might be associated with local evaporation during meltwater generation. In general, meltwaters were depleted in δ18O relative to the source snowpack at the peak of the melt (June), but later in the year (August) the difference between the two was not statistically significant. The diurnal pattern of isotopic composition indicates that the most depleted meltwaters coincide with the peak in temperature and, hence, meltwater production.

scholarly journals Role of Chemical Biomarkers in Prediction of Intra-Amniotic Infection in Cases with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane, Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Subclinical Infection ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Introduction: Early recognition of subclinical intra-amniotic infection before development of clinical Chorioamnionitis dramatically improve neonatal outcome before affection of fetal neurological function. Objective: this study was conducted to evaluate the role of procalcitonin and interleukin-6 in early prediction of intrauterine infection in pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes. Methods: This observational prospective cohort study was conducted on 100 pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM), Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I: with normal CRP and WBCs level. Group2: with subclinical infection which was detected by elevated WBCs count >15,000 c/mm3 and / or positive CRP. This group was divided into two groups (Group (II) and Group (III) according to development of Chorioamnionitis. follow up of these patients was done to detect the cutoff value of procalcitonin and interleukin-6 as a predictive indicator of clinical intra-amniotic infection in patients with premature rupture of membrane. Results: This study showed that the mean value of maternal serum PCT concentration was higher in patients with clinical infection than its concentration in patients without infection or with subclinical infection with P-value 0.0001 which is highly significant between the studied cases and with cutoff value was >0.67ng/ml, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV was 88.7%, 42.9%, 79.7% and 60% respectively and the mean value of maternal serum IL-6 concentration was also higher in patients with clinical infection than its concentration in patients without infection or with subclinical infection with P-value 0.001which is highly significant between the studied cases and with cutoff value was >11.1pg/ ml, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV was 67.9%, 61.9%, 81.8% and 43.3% respectively. Conclusion: maternal serum procalcitonin is a good predictor of clinical intra-amniotic infection with good sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV which is nearly good as CRP which is better than serum interleukin-6 regarding sensitivity

scholarly journals THE LUCK IN “TALENT VERSUS LUCK” MODELING

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050007
Author(s):  
SEAN ELVIDGE
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Random Numbers ◽  
Individual Parameter ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Model Variability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper further investigates the Talent versus Luck (TvL) model described by [Pluchino et al. Talent versus luck: The role of randomness in success and failure, Adv. Complex Syst. 21 (2018) 1850014] which models the relationship between ‘talent’ and ‘luck’ on the impact of an individuals career. It is shown that the model is very sensitive to both random sampling and the choice of value for the input parameters. Running the model repeatedly with the same set of input parameters gives a range of output values of over 50% of the mean value. The sensitivity of the inputs of the model is analyzed using a variance-based approach based upon generating Sobol sequences of quasi-random numbers. When using the model to look at the talent associated with an individual who has the maximum capital over a model run it has been shown that the choice for the standard deviation of the talent distribution contributes to 67% of the model variability. When investigating the maximum amount of capital returned by the model the probability of a lucky event at any given epoch has the largest impact on the model, almost three times more than any other individual parameter. Consequently, during the analysis of the model results one must keep in mind the impact that only small changes in the input parameters can have on the model output.

Hyperaggregability Of Platelets In Cancer, Especially In Reference To Genesis Of DIC

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Yamazaki ◽  
Y Yahara ◽  
T Motomiya ◽  
K Tanoue ◽  
I Isohisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Triggering Mechanism ◽  
Coagulation Abnormalities ◽  
Activated Platelets ◽  
The Mean

To clarify the role of platelets in the genesis of DIC in cancer, platelets of cancer patients with and without DIC were examined. Patients studied were 29 cases with cancer in stomach, 17 in lung, 7 in pancreas, 6 in liver (hepatoma), 6 in throat, nose and jaw, 2 in the gall bladder and bilary duct, 2 in uterus and 1 each in the small bowel, rectum and prostate, and 1 each with osteosarcoma, mesothelioma and chorionepithelioma. All patients were in stage 3 or 4. 105 healthy controls were also studied. They were evaluated on a scale of coagulation abnormalities, one point was given for each of the following criteria full-filled, and the score (0 to 4) was used. 1. Platelet count<150xl03Anl. 2. Prothrombin time prolonged more than 1 sec over control and/or activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged more than 10 sec over control. 3. Fibrinogen<250 mg/dl (mean fibrinogen value of the cancer patients minus 1 SD). 4. FDP>20 µg/ml. The patients were distributed with 27 % for score 0, 38 % for 1, 20 % for 2, 7 % for 3 and 8 % for 4. Degrees of abnormality in groups with scores of 3 and 4 were significant when compared to scores 0 and 1, but score 2 was not clearly distinguishable. Platelet mode volume in score 4 was smaller than the other groups. Platelet aggregation by adrenaline and ADP decreased in score 3 and 4, while it increased significantly in score 0 and 1 respectively (P<0.01 -0.05). The mean value of plasma β-TG in the cancer patients as a whole (44±24 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that of control (22±13 ng/ml)(P<0.01). PF4 showed the same tendency. During the time course of the disease, hyperaggrega- bility of platelets associated with increases in β-TG and PF4 was observed before an appearance of DIC syndrome in several cases. The results suggest the existence of hyperfunction of platelets in cancer patients and the possibility of triggering mechanism of such activated platelets in the genesis of DIC in cancer.

scholarly journals Free T3 to free T4 ratio less than 2.0 suggests low T3 syndrome rather than central hypothyroidism from the age of two to eighteen years

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa Nomura ◽  
Kentaro Miyai ◽  
Rie Kuge ◽  
Takashi Okura ◽  
Masahiro Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low T3 Syndrome ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Central Hypothyroidism ◽  
Free T3 ◽  
Low T3

Accounting Errors and Errors of Accounting

2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1827-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Bayes Theorem ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Information Channel ◽  
Accounting Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Accounting Model ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT: Accounting should pay more attention to errors, as errors are essential for the updating of beliefs. Accounting is an information system, and errors are the carriers of information according to Bayes’ Theorem. Accountants are primarily concerned with the mean (value), but the variance of accounting numbers is equally important. Only autocorrelation makes historical accounting relevant for decision purposes. Endogenous errors of accounting are more common than acknowledged. First, the accounting model is linear, whereas the world is nonlinear. Second, accounting is not the only information channel, and accountants must consider the role of accounting when it supplements other information sources. This commentary discusses the consequences of endogenous errors. Errors are inherent to accounting, and accountants must address them.

scholarly journals Penyuluhan Pencegahan Risiko Stunting 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan pada Generasi Muda

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Marni Marni ◽  
Nita Yunianti Ratnasari
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Pregnant Mother ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government

Masa pandemi Covid-19 yang sampai saat ini masih berlanjut maka pemerintah membuat kebijakan PSBB /PPKM Mikro. Kebijakan ini menyebabkan masalah pada perubahan sosial ekonomi. Banyak orang miskin mendadak akibat pandemi, sehingga tidak mampu mencukupi nutrisi/gizi yang bisa mengakibatkan terjadinya stunting pada anggota keluarganya, termasuk keluarga yang mempunyai anak bawah dua tahun (baduta) dan ibu hamil, kurangnya pengetahuan dalam memberikan nutrisi yang tepat pada ibu hamil, menyusui dan anak baduta juga bisa menyebabkan stunting. Perlu peran aktif dari petugas kesehatan namun saat ini petugas mempunyai beban berat dalam menghadapi masalah kesehatan covid-19, sehingga perguruan tinggi diharapkan berkontribusi membantu pemerintah dalam mencegah terjadinya stunting. Tujuan kegiatan: meningkatkan pengetahuan generasi muda tentang cara mencegah terjadinya stunting, memotivasi generasi muda agar berkontribusi dengan memberi penyuluhan kepada masyarakat, terutama yang mempunyai keluarga dengan ibu hamil, ibu menyusui dan anak baduta, berperilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dengan tidak merokok,tidak mengkonsumsi narkoba,� tidak melakukan seks bebas sehingga tidak muncul kehamilan yang tidak diharapkan. Metode penyuluhan dalam kegiatan ini adalah dengan ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab, memberikan kuesioner sebelum diberi penyuluhan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan generasi muda tentang pencegahan stunting peran generasi muda, dan setelah diberi penyuluhan diberi kuesioner lagi untuk mengetahui peningkatan pengetahuan pada generasi muda tersebut. Hasil: Skor nilai mean pengetahuan sebelum diberikan penyuluhan adalah 49,3, skor setelah diberikan penyuluhan adalah nilai mean 75,2 sehingga terjadi kenaikan skor mean nilai 25,9. Kesimpulan: Penyuluhan kesehatan ini terbukti meningkatkan pengetahuan para generasi muda dalam mencegah terjadinya stunting.�Covid-19 pandemic period until now still persists then the government makes policy PSBB / PPKM Micro. This policy causes problems for socio- economic change. Many people are suddenly poor due to the pandemic, so they are unable to fulfill their nutrition / nutrition which can lead to stunting in their family members � including families who have a child under two years (baduta) and the mother was pregnant, the lack of knowledge in giving nutrients are right on mothers pregnant, breastfeeding and child baduta also can cause stunting. Health workers need an active role, but currently officers have a heavy burden in dealing with covid-19 health problems, so universities are expected to contribute to assisting the government in dealing with Covid-19 health problems. The purpose of activities: improving knowledge generation youth about how to prevent the occurrence of stunting, motivate generations of youth in order to contribute to give counseling to the community, especially that having a family with a mother pregnant. Mother breastfeeding and child baduta, behaves live clean and healthy by not smoking, not taking drugs, do not pass up sex -free so it does not appear a pregnancy that was not expected. Methods of counseling in activity this is by lectures, discussions and question and answer, giving a questionnaire before given counseling to know the knowledge of adolescents on the prevention of stunting and the role of the generation of young, and after a given extension by the questionnaire again to determine the increase in knowledge on adolescent that. Results: Scores grades mean knowledge before given counseling is 49.3, scores after a given extension is the value of the mean of 75.2 to happen hike score mean value of � 25.9. Conclusion: This health education is proven to increase the knowledge of adolescents in preventing stunting.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document