Characteristics and Origin of the Mantle Root Beneath the Murowa Diamond Mine: Implications for Craton and Diamond Formation*

2018 ◽  
pp. 403-424 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Formation

scholarly journals Diamond formation in an electric field under deep Earth conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. eabb4644
Author(s):  
Yuri N. Palyanov ◽  
Yuri M. Borzdov ◽  
Alexander G. Sokol ◽  
Yuliya V. Bataleva ◽  
Igor N. Kupriyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Diamond Formation ◽  
Mantle Minerals ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Mantle Mineral ◽  
Deep Earth ◽  
Diamond Crystallization ◽  
Global Carbon

Most natural diamonds are formed in Earth’s lithospheric mantle; however, the exact mechanisms behind their genesis remain debated. Given the occurrence of electrochemical processes in Earth’s mantle and the high electrical conductivity of mantle melts and fluids, we have developed a model whereby localized electric fields play a central role in diamond formation. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a diamond crystallization mechanism that operates under lithospheric mantle pressure-temperature conditions (6.3 and 7.5 gigapascals; 1300° to 1600°C) through the action of an electric potential applied across carbonate or carbonate-silicate melts. In this process, the carbonate-rich melt acts as both the carbon source and the crystallization medium for diamond, which forms in assemblage with mantle minerals near the cathode. Our results clearly demonstrate that electric fields should be considered a key additional factor influencing diamond crystallization, mantle mineral–forming processes, carbon isotope fractionation, and the global carbon cycle.

Novel Routes for Diamond Formation in Interstellar Ices and Meteoritic Parent Bodies

2005 ◽  
Vol 626 (2) ◽  
pp. L129-L132 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kouchi ◽  
H. Nakano ◽  
Y. Kimura ◽  
C. Kaito
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Formation ◽  
Interstellar Ices

Diamond formation in solid metal

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Perry ◽  
Stephen Nelson ◽  
Satoru Hosomi
Keyword(s):  
Solid Metal ◽  
Diamond Formation

Type IIa Diamond Formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 482 (2) ◽  
pp. 1336-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Simakov
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Formation

Metastable nanosized diamond formation from a C-H-O fluid system

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2336-2340 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Simakov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Cvd Diamond ◽  
Diamond Synthesis ◽  
Diamond Formation ◽  
Fluid System

The model of nanosized diamond particles formation at metastable P-T parameters from a C-H-O fluid system is presented. It explains the hydrothermal formation and growth of diamond and the specifics of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond synthesis gas mixtures at low P-T parameters. Further, the model explains the genesis of interstellar nanodiamond formations in space and the genesis of metamorphic microdiamonds in shallow depth Earth rocks. In contrast to models where many possible reactions are considered, the present model makes the simplest possible assumptions about the key processes, and is then able to account for various tendencies seen in experimental data.

Deep electrical structure of northern Alberta (Canada): implications for diamond exploration

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erşan Türkoğlu ◽  
Martyn Unsworth ◽  
Dinu Pana
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Upper Mantle ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diamond Formation ◽  
Magnetotelluric Data ◽  
Diamond Exploration ◽  
Upper Mantle Structure ◽  
Resistivity Model ◽  
Northern Alberta

Geophysical studies of upper mantle structure can provide constraints on diamond formation. Teleseismic and magnetotelluric data can be used in diamond exploration by mapping the depth of the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary. Studies in the central Slave Craton and at Fort-à-la-Corne have detected conductors in the lithospheric mantle close to, or beneath, diamondiferous kimberlites. Graphite can potentially explain the enhanced conductivity and may imply the presence of diamonds at greater depth. Petrologic arguments suggest that the shallow lithospheric mantle may be too oxidized to contain graphite. Other diamond-bearing regions show no upper mantle conductor suggesting that the correlation with diamondiferous kimberlites is not universal. The Buffalo Head Hills in Alberta host diamondiferous kimberlites in a Proterozoic terrane and may have formed in a subduction zone setting. Long period magnetotelluric data were used to investigate the upper mantle resistivity structure of this region. Magnetotelluric (MT) data were recorded at 23 locations on a north–south profile extending from Fort Vermilion to Utikuma Lake and an east–west profile at 57.2°N. The data were combined with Lithoprobe MT data and inverted to produce a three-dimensional (3-D) resistivity model with the asthenosphere at 180–220 km depth. This model did not contain an upper mantle conductor beneath the Buffalo Head Hills kimberlites. The 3-D inversion exhibited an eastward dipping conductor in the crust beneath the Kiskatinaw terrane that could represent the fossil subduction zone that supplied the carbon for diamond formation. The low resistivity at crustal depths in this structure is likely due to graphite derived from subducted organic material.

Constitutional Characteristics and Patterns of Diamond Formation in the ADR

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-188
Author(s):  
Victor Garanin ◽  
Konstantin Garanin ◽  
Galina Kriulina ◽  
George Samosorov
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Formation
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