scholarly journals EFEITO DE VARIÁVEIS OPERACIONAIS NA PRODUTIVIDADE DE UM HARVESTER DE PNEUS NO DESBASTE DE PINUS

FLORESTA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Silva Lopes ◽  
Felipe Martins Oliveira ◽  
Bruna Letícia Roza
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Operational Cycle ◽  
Terrain Slope ◽  
Operational Variables ◽  
Machine Productivity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Individual Trees

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da declividade do terreno, volume da árvore e tempo do ciclo operacional na produtividade de um harvester de pneus no desbaste de povoamento de pinus. O estudo foi realizado em uma empresa florestal no estado do Paraná, em povoamento de Pinus taeda L. submetido ao primeiro desbaste comercial aos 10 anos de idade, o qual foi realizado de forma sistemática na 7ª linha de plantio e seletivo nas linhas adjacentes. Foi realizado um estudo de tempos e movimentos da operação de corte pelo método de cronometragem de tempos contínuos, determinando-se a disponibilidade mecânica, a eficiência operacional e a produtividade. Foram ajustados modelos para estimar a produtividade da máquina em função do volume médio individual das árvores e do tempo do ciclo operacional em diferentes declividades do terreno. Os resultados mostraram que a disponibilidade mecânica e a eficiência operacional média foram de 91% e 83%, respectivamente. A produtividade média da máquina foi de 15,4 m³/he, não apresentando diferença significativa entre as declividades do terreno. Houve aumento significativo da produtividade da máquina no corte de árvores com volume médio acima de 0,19 m³. As variáveis declividade do terreno, volume da árvore e tempo do ciclo operacional explicaram 69% da produtividade do harvester na execução do corte em povoamentos de pinus submetidos ao primeiro de desbaste, podendo tais informações ser usadas no planejamento das operações florestais.Palavras-chave: Corte florestal; desbaste mecanizado; produtividade. AbstractEffect of operational variables on the productivity of a harvest of tire in thinning of pine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of terrain slope, tree volume and time of the operational cycle on the productivity of a wheeled harvester in the thinning of a pine stand. The study was in a Pinus taeda L. plantation under first thinning at 10 years old, carried out systematically at 7th row and selective in adjacent rows, conducted in a forestry company in Paraná, Brazil. A motion and time study of the cutting operational cycle was carried out, determining the mechanical availability, operational efficiency and productivity. Models were fitted to estimate the machine productivity in function of average volume of individual trees and time of operational cycle in the different slope conditions. The results showed that the average mechanical availability and operational efficiency were 91% and 83%, respectively. The machine average productivity was 15.4 m³/eh, with no significant difference between the terrain slopes. There was significant increase in productivity of machine at the cut trees with average volume above 0.19 m³. The terrain slope, tree volume and time of the operational cycle variables explained 69% of the harvester productivity in the cutting of pine stands submitted to the first thinning. These information can be used in the planning of forestry operations.Keywords: Forest cutting; thinning mechanized; productivity. 

scholarly journals Influence of bifurcation on thinning, productivity and harvester production costs of Pinus taeda L.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1259-1263
Author(s):  
Carlos Cézar Cavassin Diniz ◽  
Romano Timofeiczyk Junior ◽  
Renato Gonçalves Robert ◽  
Eduardo da Silva Lopes ◽  
João Carlos Garzel Leodoro da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Cycle Time ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
Operational Cycle ◽  
Time And Motion ◽  
Motion Study ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

In this work, we present that how bifurcation in Pinus trees can influence productivity and harvester production costs. Our example draws from one harvesting machine that works in thinning operations in forest plantations of Pinus taeda L. in a small Brazilian forestry company. To get daily productivity, we use the machine’s system, which provides such daily information as total production. We also used a time and motion study to obtain the meantime to cut, delimb, and process the tree stem into logs. In this way, we separated the normal trees from the forked trees to get the operating cycle time of the machine and get the productivity to the two types of trees. The continuous timing method was used for this purpose. The results show an increase of up to 22.9% in the operational cycle time for cutting forked trees, resulting in reduction of productivity of 5.58 m³ for each hour worked. The production cost increased by 23.3% on operation of forked trees, as the machine took more time to perform the partial activities of the operational cycle. This study can help many companies and contractors to calculate the appropriate productivity and production harvest cost according to the type of tree stems from the plantation forest.

Traits Measured on Seedlings Can Be Used to Select for Later Volume of Loblolly Pine

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
John F. Robinson ◽  
J. P. Van Buijtenen ◽  
Ernest M. Long
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Southeast Texas ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

Abstract Seed was collected from individual trees in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands in southeast Texas. Although selection on seed characteristics proved ineffective as an indirect selection method for improving five-year volume, selection for seedling characteristics prior to outplanting proved very effective. Families selected in greenhouse and nursery beds averaged 36 percent greater volume after five years in the field than checklots from the same stands. Seed from the southernmost stands produced more volume than seed from more northern stands. Seed weights of selected families were significantly greater than those of appropriate checks.

scholarly journals PRODUTIVIDADE DO TRATOR FLORESTAL CHOCKER SKIDDER NA EXTRAÇÃO DE MADEIRA EM TERRENOS DECLIVOSOS

FLORESTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Eduardo Silva Lopes ◽  
Carlos Cavassin Diniz
Keyword(s):  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Operational Cycle ◽  
Terrain Slope ◽  
Planning Optimization ◽  
Machine Productivity ◽  
Work Cycle ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
Steep Terrain ◽  
Reduction Machine ◽  
Engagement And Disengagement

Este trabalho objetivou analisar os tempos do ciclo operacional e a produtividade do trator florestal chocker skidder na extração de madeira em diferentes classes de declividade e distância, visando gerar informações para o planejamento eficiente das operações e o melhor aproveitamento dos recursos disponíveis. O trabalho foi realizado em uma empresa florestal localizada no município de Itararé, SP. Foi realizado um estudo de tempos e movimentos do ciclo operacional, determinando disponibilidade mecânica, disponibilidade técnica, eficiência operacional e produtividade da máquina em diferentes condições de distância de extração e declividade do terreno. Os resultados indicaram que as atividades que consumiram a maior parte do tempo do ciclo de trabalho foram o “arraste do cabo e engate” e “desengate das correntes”, com 28% e 11% do tempo total, respectivamente. Houve redução da produtividade da máquina com o aumento da declividade do terreno, sendo mais evidente nas menores distâncias de extração e mostrando a sensibilidade dessa variável nessa condição operacional.AbstractProductivity of forestry tractor chocker skidder in extraction of wood on steep terrain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the time consumed by the elements of the work cycle and the productivity of a chocker skidder in extraction of wood at different slope terrain and distances classes, generating information for efficient planning of operations and better utilization of available resources. The study was conducted in a forestry company located in the municipality of Itararé, São Paulo State. A motion and time study of the operational cycle was performed, determining the mechanical availability, technical availability, operational efficiency and productivity of the machine in different conditions of extraction distance and terrain slope. The results showed that elements of the work cycle which most time consuming were the "drag cable and engagement" and "disengagement of the currents" that consumed the greatest operational cycle of the machine with 28% and 11% of the total time, respectively. A reduction machine productivity with increasing of the terrain slope, being stronger in the smaller extraction distances and, showing the sensitivity of this variable in this operating condition.Keywords: Timber harvesting; operational planning; optimization.

scholarly journals Biomass quantification of Pinus taeda L. from remote optical sensor data

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Talita Pertille ◽  
Marcos Felipe Nicoletti ◽  
Larissa Regina Topanotti ◽  
Thiago Floriani Stepka
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Landsat 8 Oli ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sentinel 2

This research aimed to estimate the biomass of the trunk area of a Pinus taeda L. stand from vegetation indices from Landsat-8/OLI and Sentinel-2/MSI optical remote sensors. In order to obtain the biomass, a forest inventory was carried out with the installation of 33 circular plots of 400 m², in which all the individuals had the diameter at breast height (cm) and the total height (m) measured. Then, 30 trees were scaled by the Smalian method. The individual tree volume was estimated by the Meyer regression volumetric equation. The biomass was obtained through the product of the individual tree volume by the wood basic density. Subsequently, aerial biomass was obtained per plot. The processed orbital images were gathered from the Landsat-8/OLI and Sentinel-2/MSI sensors. We derived 19 vegetation indices for both images, which were correlated with the biomass per plot. The indexes with the best correlation with the biomass were considered as regression variables to develop models by the Stepwise technique (Backward and Forward). The correlation was significant among the variables and the best model was derived from the Landsat-8 data, which estimated the biomass per plot with an error of 8.75% and an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.8173. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between the biomass estimated by the inventory and by the remotely located data.

scholarly journals DETERMINAÇÃO DE ALTURA EM Pinus taeda L. UTILIZANDO VEÍCULO AÉREO NÃO TRIPULADO

Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Gustavo Gomes Ribeiro ◽  
Vagner Alex Pesck ◽  
Fernando Luís Dlugosz ◽  
Thiago Floriani Stepka ◽  
Ismael Konkol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Forest Mensuration ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a altura total, de 30 árvores em um plantio de Pinus taeda, com apoio de tecnologias de geoprocessamento. Obteve-se a alturas por meio de aerolevantamento e também com o método convencional (com hipsômetro), avaliando estatisticamente os resultados. Foram adquiridas imagens com Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada (ARP), utilizando pontos de controle, que serviram para a relação das coordenadas da imagem com as do terreno. A geração do Modelo Digital do Terreno (MDT), foi realizada por meio de topografia convencional, fornecendo dados para a planialtimetria local, ao longo do alinhamento do plantio. Para obtenção das alturas, aplicou-se a subtração entre as altitudes do MDS e do MDT, sendo consideradas como tratamento 1. Com hipsômetro, foram mensuradas as alturas das mesmas árvores, sendo consideradas como tratamento 2 e posteriormente foi aplicado teste t, para a comparação entre as médias, usando significância estatística de 5% de probabilidade. Foi observada a diferença média de 4,05%, entre tratamentos, fato que orienta a viabilidade da metodologia através do uso de imagens obtidas por ARP, havendo diferença estatística significativa entre diferentes formas de obtenção dos dados. Porém, verificou-se a maior precisão e menor dispersão, naqueles dados coletados com metodologia apoiada por imagem, sendo necessário destacar que o hipsômetro, é um método indireto de medição, que apresentar sub ou superestimado das alturas.Palavras-chave: aerolevantamento; mensuração florestal; modelo digital de terreno; modelo digital de superfície. DETERMINATION OF HEIGHT In Pinus taeda L. USING UNCONSCIOUS AIR VEHICLE ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to determine the total height of 30 trees in a plantation of Pinus taeda, with the support of geoprocessing technologies. Height was obtained by means of aerial survey and also with the conventional method (with hypsometer), statistically evaluating the results. Images were obtained with Remotely Pilot Aircraft (ARP), using control points, which served to relate the coordinates of the image with those of the terrain. The generation of the Digital Terrain Model (TDM) was performed by means of conventional topography, providing data for local planialtimetry along the alignment of the plantation. In order to obtain the heights, the subtraction was applied between the MDS and MDT altitudes, being considered as treatment 1. With a hypsometer, the heights of the same trees were measured, being considered as treatment 2 and later t-test was applied for the comparison between means, using statistical significance of 5% probability. The mean difference of 4.05% between treatments was observed. This fact guides the viability of the methodology through the use of ARP images, and there is a statistically significant difference between different ways of obtaining the data. However, it was verified the greater precision and less dispersion, in those data collected with methodology supported by image, being necessary to emphasize that the hypsometer, is an indirect method of measurement, that presents sub or overestimated of the heights.Keywords: aerial survey; forest mensuration; digital terrain model; digital surface model.

A Comparison of the Effects of One-Step and Two-Step Pruning on Loblolly Pine Stem Form

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Valenti ◽  
Quang V. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Probability Level ◽  
Stem Form ◽  
Form Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Step ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Taper Equation

Abstract The effects of one-step and two-step pruning treatments on tree taper of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were compared in this study. Girard form class and a segmented taper equation were used as two measures of stem form. There was a significant difference in stem form between trees subjected to one-step and two-step pruning treatments at the 5% probability level. Trees pruned at ages 6 and 11 tapered less and yielded about 4% more cubic-foot volume and 9% more board-foot volume than trees pruned at age 11 of comparable diameters and heights. South. J. Appl. For. 10:251-253, Nov. 1986.

Incidental Observations on the Growth and Survival of Loblolly and Shortleaf Pines in an Even-Aged Natural Stand

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
M. D. Cain
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Species composition and growth were monitored from age 6 to 14 years in a natural, even-aged stand of mixed loblolly and shortleaf pines (Pinus taeda L. and P. echinata Mill.) in southern Arkansas. Six of 12 0.4-ac study plots were precommercially thinned at age 6 when pine density averaged 16,600 stems/ac At that time, loblolly accounted for 70% of all pines with the remaining 30% being shortleaf. From age 8 to 12, loblolly pines generally outgrew shortleaf pines in both thinned and unthinned conditions. From age 12 to 14, crop trees of loblolly pine on thinned plots generally grew better than shortleaf crop trees, but there was no statistically significant difference in crop-tree growth between species on the unthinned plots. At age 14, loblolly crop trees were generally larger than shortleaf crop trees; despite that size difference, shortleaf pine will probably continue to be represented in the canopy of the maturing stand. South. J. Appl. For. 14(2):81-84.

scholarly journals PROPRIEDADES DO PAPEL KRAFT A PARTIR DA MADEIRA JUVENIL DE Pinus maximinoi, H.E. Moore E Pinus taeda L.

FLORESTA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Klock ◽  
Alan Sulato De Andrade ◽  
Eduardo Bittencourt ◽  
Ezequiel Zatoni Mocelin ◽  
Cristiane Crepaldi
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Breaking Length ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

A qualidade das fibras da madeira juvenil de Pinus maximinoi H. E. Moore comparando com Pinus taeda L. foi avaliada em material proveniente de plantações de 11 anos de idade localizados no município de Ventania, Estado do Paraná. Foram investigadas 15 árvores por espécie. O processo utilizado para os cozimentos experimentais foi o sulfato (Kraft). O material utilizado para a obtenção de celulose foi obtido de discos coletados na altura do DAP (1,30m). As condições experimentais dos cozimentos foram: 18% de álcali ativo e 25% de sulfidez; número Kappa de 30 e fator H total de 1150, para três repetições para cada espécie. Os cozimentos foram realizados com 1000g de cavacos, base seca. Para a confecção do papel a mão em laboratório a celulose foi submetida a tratamentos de refinação em moinho tipo Jokro a 150 rpm por 20, 40 e 60 minutos além do tratamento sem refinação. Os rendimentos brutos médios foram superiores a 45%. Os resultados médios das resistências do papel por tratamento de refinação entre as espécies mostraram tendência semelhante entre ambas, ocorrendo, entretanto, no tratamento sem refinação maior densidade aparente para o papel de Pinus maximinoi. Porém com a aplicação dos tratamentos de refinação o comportamento da densidade aparente tornou-se similar. No tratamento sem refinação o valor médio do comprimento de auto-ruptura do papel de Pinus maximinoi foi 11,5% inferior ao de Pinus taeda, sendo, entretanto, incrementado com o aumento dos tempos de refinação. Com 20 minutos foi ligeiramente superior e aos 40 minutos a diferença é 6,6% superior, chegando a 7,9% aos 60 minutos de refinação. A resistência ao estouro no tratamento sem refinação e a 20 minutos apresentou valores inferiores para o Pinus maximinoi. Aos 40 minutos os valores médios são similares, invertendo-se tais valores aos 60 minutos de refinação, quando o estouro é superior para a celulose de Pinus maximinoi. Os valores médios da resistência ao rasgo foram ligeiramente superiores para a celulose de Pinus taeda, porém somente com 40 minutos de refinação houve diferença significativa. A resistência ao estouro e a resistência à tração da celulose e papel de Pinus maximinoi desenvolveu-se de forma mais acentuada com os tratamentos de refinação aplicados. Conclui-se que a madeira de Pinus maximinoi apresenta potencial para a produção de celulose e papel. KRAFT PAPER PROPERTIES FROM Pinus maximinoi H.E. Moore AND Pinus taeda L. JUVENILE WOOD Abstract This research objective was to evaluate the juvenile wood fiber quality of Pinus maximinoi H. E. Moore compared to Pinus taeda L. The material was sampled from 15 trees with 11 years old from fast grown plantations located at Ventania municipality, Paraná State. Sulfate (Kraft) pulping process was used. The pulping material was from BHD (1.30m) disks, cooking conditions were 18% active alkali, 25% sulfidity, Kappa number of 30 and H factor of 1,150 for three repetitions for each specie. Experimental cookings were conduted with 1,000g dry basis wood chips. For pulp handsheets evaluation four treatments were considered: without beating, 20, 40 and 60 minutes beating in Jokro type mill at 150 revolutions per minute. The average pulp yield was slightly higher than 45% for both species, without statistic difference. Without beating treatment P. maximinoi handsheets showed higher apparent specific gravity, however it became similar to P. taeda sheets with beating. Average Tear Index, Burst Index and Breaking Length, showed no statistic difference between species, but considering beating treatments, differences appear in Burst Index and Breaking Length, P. maximinoi pulp showed a better evolution with increasing beating times, at 60 minutes beating treatment P. maximinoi sheets showed 7,9% higher Breaking Length average value. For Burst Index, P. maximinoi sheets showed better improvement with increasing beating treatments, the average value became higher at 60 minutes. The Tear Index decrease with beating, and P. taeda pulp showed slightly higher values, but only at 40 beating minutes was a significant difference. From the observed average results it can be concluded that Pinus maximinoi has potential for utilization for pulp and paper.

scholarly journals Utilização das matrizes de transição na avaliação e simulação precoces do crescimento de povoamentos de Pinus taeda L.

FLORESTA ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIO E. ARCE ◽  
WALQUIRIA PIZATTO ◽  
CARLOS R. SANQUETTA ◽  
JEFERSON L.G. WENDLING ◽  
ROMUALDO MAESTRI
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Transition Matrix ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Transition Matrices ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Growth Evaluation ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Dynamic Cycle

É avaliado e simulado o crescimento de povoamentos jovens, equiâneos, monoespecíficos e homogêneos de Pinus taeda L. utilizando a técnica de simulação Matrizes de Transição. Os dados utilizados provêm de medições realizadas em árvores individuais em 1993 e 1996 (6o e 9o anos), em um experimento de espaçamentos em Pinus taeda L., instalado no município de Jaguariaíva - PR, na Fazenda Lageado, de propriedade da empresa Pisa Florestal. A construção das matrizes de transição a partir de observações diamétricas obtidas de povoamentos de Pinus taeda em duas idades é factível e permite obter simulações coerentes para um período igual ao intervalo entre estas idades. Já a simulação para intervalos de tempo maiores do que o período considerado para a construção das matrizes de transição é desaconselhável, por se tratar de povoamentos jovens e não estar disponível, portanto, informação do ciclo completo da dinâmica da floresta. Use of transition matrices in precocious growth evaluation and simulation of Pinus taeda L. stands Abstract The growth of young, even-aged, monospecific and homogeneous stands of Pinus taeda L. are evaluated and simulated with the Transition Matrix simulation technique. The used data was obtained from measurements over individual trees in 1993 and 1996 (6th and 9th years) in an spacing test of Pinus taeda L. at farm Fazenda Lageado in Jaguariaiva-PR, from the Pisa Florestal company. The transition matrixes construction from two diameter observations separated by a time interval are feasible and conduce to coherent simulations for a similar time interval that the used for the transition matrixes construction. Simulations for longer time intervals that the used for the transition matrixes construction are not recommended because the sampled stands are young and it is not disposable information about the complete dynamic cycle of the forest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document