scholarly journals DIAGNÓSTICO DAS ÁREAS DE PRESERVAÇÃO PERMANENTE DE NASCENTES NA ÁREA URBANA DO MUNICÍPIO DE IRATI-PR

FLORESTA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Adriana Lozinski ◽  
Rafaelo Balbinot ◽  
Diego Venâncio ◽  
Paulo Costa de Oliveira Filho ◽  
Waldir Nagel Schirmer
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Technological Advance ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Remote Sensors ◽  
Water Springs ◽  
The City

O avanço tecnológico e o surgimento de novas técnicas e sensores remotos, capazes de gerar imagens de alta resolução espacial e espectral, tornam os diagnósticos ambientais cada dia mais precisos. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo localizar as nascentes e delimitar suas áreas de preservação permanente utilizando imagens orbitais de alta resolução do sensor Quickbird, bem como identificar o uso do solo dessas áreas para confronto com a legislação. A área de estudo foi a bacia do Arroio dos Pereiras, na área urbana do município de Irati, PR. Os resultados demonstraram que todas as nascentes encontram-se de forma irregular de acordo com o código florestal. Palavras-chave:   Diagnóstico ambiental; área de preservação permanente; geoprocessamento; nascentes.   Abstract Diagnosis of the permanent preservation areas of the springs of a drainage basin located in the urban area in Irati-PR. The technological advance and the sprouting of new techniques and remote sensors, capable to generate images of high resolution spatial and spectral, become the environment diagnosis more precise at each day. The present work has as objective to locate the springs and to delimit its areas of permanent preservation using orbital images of high resolution of the Quickbird sensor, as to well as identify the land use of these areas for confrontation with the legislation. The study area was the basin of the Pereira’s stream in the urban area of the City of Irati - PR. The results had demonstrated that all the springs are at illegal form according to the forest law.Keywords: Environmental diagnosis; permanent preservation area; geothecnologies; water springs.

scholarly journals Study on Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Land Use Efficiency in Xi’an, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6649
Author(s):  
Jing Huang ◽  
Dongqian Xue
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Western China ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Underdeveloped Areas ◽  
The City

China’s urban land use has shifted from incremental expansion to inventory eradication. The traditional extensive management mode is difficult to maintain, and the fundamental solution is to improve land use efficiency. Xi’an, the largest central city in Western China, was selected as the research area. The super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and Malmquist index method were used to measure the land use efficiency of each district and county in the city from the micro perspective, and the spatial-temporal change characteristics and main influencing factors of land use efficiency were analyzed, which not only made up for the research content of urban land use efficiency in China’s underdeveloped areas, but also pointed out the emphasis and direction for the improvement of urban land use efficiency. The results showed that: (1) The land use efficiency of Xi’an reflected the land use intensive level of the underdeveloped areas in Western China, that is, the overall intensive level was not high, the gap between the urban internal land use efficiency was large, the land use efficiency of the old urban area and the mature built-up area was relatively high, and the land use efficiency of the emerging expansion area and the edge area was relatively low. (2) Like the eastern economically developed areas, the land use efficiency of western economically underdeveloped areas was generally on the rise, while Xi’an showed the U-shaped upward evolution characteristics, and there were four types of changes in the city, that is, highly intensive, medium intensive, high–medium–low-intensive, and intensive–extensive. (3) Various cities should configure resources and optimize mechanism to improve their land use efficiency based on economic and social development. During the study period, Xi’an showed the law of evolution from the south edge area and the emerging expansion area to the main urban area. (4) The improvement of technological progress was the main contribution factor of the land use efficiency in underdeveloped areas of China, and the low-scale efficiency was the main influence factor that caused low land use efficiency. In future urban land use, efforts should be made to optimize and upgrade technology and strictly control the extensive use of land.

scholarly journals URBAN VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION WITH NDVI THRESHOLD VALUE METHOD WITH VERY HIGH RESOLUTION (VHR) PLEIADES IMAGERY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W16 ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hashim ◽  
Z. Abd Latif ◽  
N. A. Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Urban Vegetation ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Very High

Abstract. Recently the sensing data for urban mapping used is in high demand together with the accessible of very high resolution (VHR) satellite data such as Worldview and Pleiades. This article presents the use of very high resolution (VHR) remote sensing data for urban vegetation mapping. The research objectives were to assess the use of Pleiades imagery to extricate the data of urban vegetation in urban area of Kuala Lumpur. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were employs with VHR data to find Vegetation Index for classification process of vegetation and non-vegetation classes. Land use classes are easily determined by computing their Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for Land use land cover classification. Maximum likelihood was conducted for the classification phase. NDVI were extracted from the imagery to assist the process of classification. NDVI method is use by referring to its features such as vegetation at different NDVI threshold values. The result showed three classes of land cover that consist of low vegetation, high vegetation and non-vegetation area. The accuracy assessment gained was then being implemented using the visual interpretation and overall accuracy achieved was 70.740% with kappa coefficient of 0.5. This study gained the proposed threshold method using NDVI value able to identify and classify urban vegetation with the use of VHR Pleiades imagery and need further improvement when apply to different area of interest and different land use land cover characteristics. The information achieved from the result able to help planners for future planning for conservation of vegetation in urban area.

scholarly journals Fast airborne aerosol size and chemistry measurements with the high resolution aerosol mass spectrometer during the MILAGRO Campaign

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 18269-18317 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. DeCarlo ◽  
E. J. Dunlea ◽  
J. R. Kimmel ◽  
A. C. Aiken ◽  
D. Sueper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Aerosol Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Biogenic Voc ◽  
Strong Source ◽  
The City

Abstract. The concentration, size, and composition of non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) was measured over Mexico City and central Mexico with a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) onboard the NSF/NCAR C-130 aircraft as part of the MILAGRO field campaign. This was the first aircraft deployment of the HR-ToF-AMS, in which the instrument performed very well, and provided 12 s data. The aerosol mass from the AMS correlates strongly with other aerosol measurements on board the aircraft. Organic aerosol (OA) species dominate the NR-PM1 mass. OA correlates strongly with CO and HCN indicating that pollution (mostly secondary OA, SOA) and biomass burning (BB) are the main OA sources. The OA to CO ratio indicates a typical value for aged air of around 80 μg m−3 (STP) ppm−1. This is within the range observed in outflow from the Northeastern US, which could be due to a compensating effect between higher BB but lower biogenic VOC emissions during this study. The O/C atomic ratio for OA is calculated from the HR mass spectra and shows a clear increase with photochemical age, as SOA forms rapidly and quickly overwhelms primary urban OA, consistent with Volkamer et al. (2006) and Kleinman et al. (2007b). BB OA is marked by signals at m/z 60 and 73, and also by a signal enhancement at large m/z indicative of larger molecules or more resistance to fragmentation. The main inorganic components show different spatial patterns and size distributions. Sulfate is regional in nature with clear volcanic and petrochemical/power plant sources, while the urban area is not a major source for this species. Nitrate is enhanced significantly in the urban area and immediate outflow, and is strongly correlated with CO indicating a strong urban source. The importance of nitrate decreases with distance from the city likely due to evaporation. BB does not appear to be a strong source of nitrate despite its high emissions of nitrogen oxides, presumably due to low ammonia emissions. NR-chloride often correlates with HCN indicating a fire source, although other sources likely contribute as well. This is the first aircraft study of the regional evolution of aerosol chemistry from a tropical megacity.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF LANDUSE AND LANDCOVER CHANGE ON FLOODING IN KANO METROPOLIS, KANO STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-512
Author(s):  
I. Mukhtar ◽  
E. O. Iguisi ◽  
A. U. Shehu ◽  
Yusuf Dabo ◽  
M. Abubakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Hydrologic Modelling ◽  
Landcover Change ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Land Covers ◽  
The City ◽  
Modelling System

ABSTRACT This paper looked at the change in land use land cover (LULC) of Kano metropolis from 2001 to 2012; projected to 2035 and thereby assessing the response of these different land covers to rainfall event using the Hydrologic Engineering Corps- Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) model. The outcome of the LULC revealed that the built-up areas increased from 19.7% to 34.4% and then to 54.4% in 2001, 2012 and 2035, respectively. The discharge of Jakara basin indicated a rise from 2001, 2012 to 2035 in the order of 443, 585.2 to 609.7 cm3/sec respectively. However, that of Chalawa shows increase between 2001 and 2012 and a decrease in 2035 as a result of canalization within the basin. The paper recommended adherence to the city masterplan and construction of canals within each sub-drainage basin for proper conveyance of run-off discharge.

scholarly journals Persepsi Publik Terhadap Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup di Wilayah Jayapura–Papua

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Puguh Sujarta ◽  
Suharno Suharno ◽  
Farmawaty Farmawaty ◽  
Leonardo A. Numberi ◽  
Irma Rahayu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
The City

Papua has a huge diversity of natural resources which can be categorized as well managed compare to other areas in Indonesia. The city of Jayapura and its surrounding are arranged to become an urban area nowadays. As an impact, many sector has changing including its land use. This research aims to understanding the knowledge, perception, and assesment of people regarding the environment particularly in Jayapura and its environs. The research was conducted in Jayapura City, Jayapura Regency and Keerom Regency with sampling method using survey, questionnaire and documentation. This research revealed that 53.0–90.0% of respondent knowing about environmental management and most of them (90.0%) gained those information from educational institution such as schools. Regarding government participation in environmental management, respondent answered that it is around 69.0–76.0% while for infrastructure and monitoring it is around 52.4-74.0% and 41.0-70.6% respectively. Concerning the environmental condition and its management the rate was 6.20 which can be categoized as good.Key words: people perception; environment; government; Jayapura. 

scholarly journals URBAN FOOTPRINT OF MUMBAI - THE COMMERCIAL CAPITAL OF INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. RAMACHANDRA ◽  
H. A. BHARATH ◽  
M. V. SOWMYASHREE
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Footprint

Urban footprint refers to the proportion of paved surface (built up, roads, etc.) with the reduction of other land use types in a region. Rapid increase in the urban areas is the major driver in landscape dynamics with the significant erosion in the quality and quantity of the natural ecosystems. The urban expansion process hence needs to be monitored, quantified and understood for effective planning and the sustainable management of natural resources. Cities and towns have been experiencing considerable growth in urban area, population size, social aspects, negative environmental and geographical in?uence, and complexity. Mumbai, the commercial capital of India, has experienced a spurt in infrastructural and industrial activities with globalization and opening up of Indian markets. Unplanned urbanization has resulted in dispersed growth inperi-urban pockets due to socio-economic aspects with the burgeoning population of the city. Consequent to this, there has been an uneven growth pattern apart from the increase in slums in and around the city. This has necessitated the understanding of the urbanization pattern and process focusing especially on the expanding geographical area, its geometry and the spatial pattern of its development. This communication discusses the urban footprint dynamics of Mumbai using multi-temporal remote sensing data with spatial metrics. Land use analysis indicated a decrease of vegetation by 20% with an increase in urban extent by 155% during the last three decades. Landscape metrics aided in assessing the spatial structure and composition of the urban footprints through the zonal analysis by dividing the region into four zones with concentric circles of 1 km incrementing radius from the city centre. The study reveals a significant variation in the composition of the urban patch dynamics with increasing complexity and aggregation of urban area at the centre and sprawl at the outskirts. Shannon’s entropy further confirms of sprawl with time. Further zoning with the circular gradients aided in understanding the transition process of land use categories into urban patch.

scholarly journals Influence of a Great Plains Urban Environment on a Simulated Supercell

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 1437-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa J. Reames ◽  
David J. Stensrud
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Center ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The North ◽  
The City

Abstract The effect of urban areas on weakly forced precipitation systems has been studied extensively. However, interactions between urban areas and strongly forced convection, such as supercells, remain relatively unexamined. The present study uses simulations of a supercell to quantify the impacts of a large plains urban area on the evolution and strength of a supercell. An initial ensemble of simulations (CTRLE) of a supercell over homogeneous land use is performed using the WRF-ARW Model. Additionally, 108 simulations are conducted in which the land-use pattern of Dallas–Ft. Worth, Texas, is placed inside the model domain, with the city center shifted to be in or near the path of the supercell. Simulations with urban areas are compared to CTRLE, with the aid of hierarchical clustering analysis to form statistically similar groups of simulations. Clustering analyses identify groups of ensemble members with closely located urban areas that have similar patterns of 0–1-km updraft helicity and near-surface minimum temperature and maximum wind speeds. Comparison of these groups of ensemble members to CTRLE suggests the urban area has a significant impact on storm characteristics, particularly on low-level rotation and mesocyclone track. Simulations where the storm passes to the north of or directly over the city center late in its life cycle deviate most significantly from CTRLE. In these members, low-and midlevel mesocyclone strength increases, and the mesocyclone tracks farther south when compared to CTRLE.

scholarly journals The Role of Customary Land Ownership in Land-Use Conversion in the Peri-urban of Bukittinggi, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 175 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-555
Author(s):  
Ira Safitri Darwin ◽  
Haryo Winarso ◽  
Denny Zulkaidi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Use Regulations ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Formal Expansion ◽  
Administrative Area ◽  
Customary Land ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

Abstract Taluak is located in the peri-urban area of the city of Bukittinggi, in Agam Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Bukittinggi is rapidly expanding into this peri-urban area. Due to a lack of sound land-use regulations, the growing population and increasing development are encroaching into the peri-urban area. In 1999, the administrative area of Bukittinggi was formally expanded to include some of the surrounding land that had previously been part of Agam Regency. However, although the physical development of the city has encroached into parts of Agam Regency, including Taluak, the communities of the village refused to be administratively included in Bukittinggi. One of their reasons for this refusal is a belief that such urbanization will harm the culture and traditions of the village. This article aims to explain how the communities of Taluak have resisted the formal expansion of Bukittinggi to include them in order to maintain their culture and traditions of land management and to estimate how long such resistance can survive. The article also explains how the process of land conversion in Taluak is carried out, particularly the conversion from rural use into urban use, which creates rurban (rural-urban) areas.

scholarly journals Mudança de Uso do Solo na Bacia do Rio Vieira, em Montes Claros/MG (Change of Land Use on River Basin Vieira, in Montes Claros/MG)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Esdras Leite ◽  
Itamar Souza Santos ◽  
Jefferson Willian Lopes Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Original Vegetation ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Activity

A bacia hidrográfica do Vieira está inserida no município de Montes Claros, no norte de Minas Gerais. O rio Vieira é um dos principais afluentes do Rio Verde Grande e este deságua no rio São Francisco. Essa bacia se destaca por drenar a área urbana de Montes Claros, logo, os problemas ambientais decorrentes da atividade urbana atingem diretamente o rio Vieira. O objetivo do trabalho foi compreender as transformações de uso do solo na bacia do rio Vieira, utilizando instrumentos geotecnológicos. Os dados dos sensores orbitais mostram que, entre 1989 e 2009, as mudanças mais importantes foram: a recuperação de parte da cobertura vegetal original e o crescimento da área urbana de Montes Claros. Esta última mudança trouxe problemas ambientais graves para a bacia do Vieira. No entanto, medidas, como o tratamento do esgoto está sendo realizada, a fim de mitigar os impactos causados pelo crescimento da cidade. A criação de unidades de conservação foi outra ação que resultou em ganhos ambientais, como a regeneração do Cerrado em espaços degradados.Palavras-Chave: Bacia hidrográfica, uso do solo, sensoriamento remoto e SIG.  Change of Land Use on River Basin Vieira, in Montes Claros/MG  ABSTRACTThe watershed of Vieira is inserted in the municipality of Montes Claros, in northern Minas Gerais. The river Vieira is one of the main tributaries of the Rio Verde Grande river and this flows into San Francisco. This basin is drained out for the urban area of Montes Claros. Thus, the environmental problems of urban activity directly affect the river Vieira. In this sense, this work used geo tools to understand the changes of land use in river basin Vieira. The data from orbital sensors show that between 1989 and 2009, the most important changes were part of the recovery of original vegetation cover and growth of the urban area of Montes Claros. This last change has brought serious environmental problems for the basin of Vieira. However, measures such as sewage treatment is being performed in order to mitigate the impacts caused by the growth of the city. The creation of protected areas was another action that resulted in environmental gains, as the regeneration of degraded areas in the Cerrado. Keywords: River basin, land use, remote sensing and GIS.

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