scholarly journals Nutritional Analysis of Fish (Sarotherodon galilaeus) Snack with and without the Fortification of Plant (Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum plus Vernonia amygdalina) Extracts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Ileogben ◽  
Olatunde Oginni
Keyword(s):  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Nutritional Analysis ◽  
Sarotherodon Galilaeus

scholarly journals Assessment of Microbiological and Keeping Quality of Ocimum Gratissimum and Vernonia Amygdalina Crude Extract on Sarotherodon Galilaeus Snacks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Agbon Ileogben ◽  
Olatunde Oginni ◽  
Akele Olatunbosun ◽  
Felix. A. Olajubu ◽  
Mary Oluwaseun Omobuwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Keeping Quality ◽  
Sarotherodon Galilaeus

Comparative Antioxidant Activities of Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum Leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Oriakhi ◽  
Ehigbai Igbuan Oikeh ◽  
Nkeiruka Ezeugwu ◽  
Ogechukwu Anoliefo ◽  
Omorede Aguebor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum

Effects of pre-treatment with extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Vermonia amygdalina on proximate and organoleptic properties of processed Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
S.A. Ojukannaiye ◽  
L.A. Agbabiaka ◽  
I.I. Adedokun
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Fish Samples

The study evaluated nutritional and organoleptic properties of Clarias gariepinus pre-treated with aqueous leave extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina before processing. Thirty-six (36) C. gariepinus (live weight = 1.2± 0.2kg) samples were procured and processed for the study. Fish samples were divided into three parts of twelve fish each. Each part was grouped into three treatments having four fish in each group using a completely randomized design. Treatment one (T1) had fish immersed in 5% brine without herbal extract (control). In Treatment two (T2), fish were soaked in mixture of 5% brine and 5% O. gratissium (scent leaf) extracts while Treatment three (T3) had fish soaked in mixture of 5% brine and 5% V. amygdalina (bitter leaf) extracts all for 30 minutes. Treated fish samples were smoke-dried using charcoal kiln for 5 hours at temperature of 80 – 90° C. Samples were then cooled under ambient condition (30+3oC) for 4 hours. The smoke-dried fish samples were labeled according to treatments and stored for 7 days under aseptic condition. Organoleptic properties of the samples were conducted at every 24-hour of storage using a 9-point hedonic scale. Mean values of proximate composition of samples were significantly different (p<0.05). Protein content (70.01%) in T3 was higher than 68.31% and 66.62% in T2 and T1 respectively. Similarly, fat (5.12%) and ash (4.68%) levels for T3 were higher than 4.85% and 4.46% fat with 4.36% and 3.98% ash contents for T2 and T1 respectively. Results of mean scores for each organoleptic property decreased significantly (p<0.05) during storage period with no consistent trend in score pattern. Keywords: Clarias gariepinus, extract pretreatment, Ocimum gratissimum, organoleptic, Vernonia amygdalina.

In vitro antioxidant activities of extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
K Oriakhi ◽  
EI Oikeh ◽  
N Ezeugwu ◽  
O Anoliefo ◽  
O Aguebor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum

scholarly journals The Isolation of Antimicrobial Resistant Aeromonas spp. from Aquaculture Samples and their Susceptibility to Medicinal Plant Extracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
C. I. Chikwendu ◽  
R. K. Obi ◽  
K. C. Ibe ◽  
J. C. Orji
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Aquaculture Water

Aeromonas spp, ubiquitous in both terrestrial and aquatic environments are becoming renowned as enteric pathogens of serious public health concern as they have a number of virulence and resistant determinants that are linked to both human and aquatic diseases due to consistent and incorrect use of antibiotics in aquaculture. The effect of crude aqueous and ethanol extracts of some medicinal plants on antimicrobial resistant Aeromonas spp. isolated from aquaculture water and fish samples was studied. Two hundred and forty (240) Aeromonas isolates, made up of 168 Aeromonas hydrophila and 72 Aeromonas salmonicida, were recovered from aquaculture water and fish gill samples collected from different commercial fish ponds using selective media. The isolates were assessed for their antibiotic susceptibility against ten (10) conventional antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer technique. Extracts from three medicinal plants, Vernonia amygdalina, Ocimum gratissimum and Garcinia kola were also analyzed for their antimicrobial effects on the isolates that were resistant to the conventional antibiotics. Aeromonas hydrophila isolates expressed the highest resistant rates of 100%, 78.6% and 70.8% to aztreonam, cefotaxime and neomysin respectively, and the A. salmonicida isolates also had a similar trend of high resistant rates of 100%, 87.5% and 77.8% to aztreonam, neomysin and cefotaxime respectively. Antimicrobial resistant analyses with the plant extracts showed 100% inhibition of the isolates at 100 mg/ml for both aqueous and ethanol extracts. Phytochemical screening identified the presence of certain phytochemicals like alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids and glycosides which could have accounted for the antimicrobial effects of the plant extracts under study. It can be inferred then, that extracts from Vernonia amygdalina, Ocimum gratissimum and Garcinia kola can inhibit resistant aquaculture Aeromonas isolates and so can present an alternative source of antimicrobials in the effort to combat the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture.

scholarly journals Comparative Profiling of Solvent-mediated Phytochemical Expressions in Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Tissues via FTIR Spectroscopy and Colorimetric Assays

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Josephine Oluwagbemisola Tella ◽  
Saheed Oluwasina Oseni
Keyword(s):  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Extraction Solvents ◽  
Colorimetric Assays

Objective: The beneficial role of extraction solvents is often ignored, yet very important in enhancing the therapeutic potential of plant extracts. This study was carried out to comparatively characterize and profile the bioactive phytochemical compounds expressed in different solvent-fractions of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts using both colorimetric phytochemical screening assays and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Methods: Qualitative colorimetric assays were carried out on different solvent-fractions of leaf tissue extracts from both plants to determine the comparative expression profiles of bioactive phytochemical compounds with medicinal importance such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phlobatannins, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and reducing sugars. FTIR spectroscopy was used to characterize, and profile the presence of these compounds based on functional groups such as alcohols (O-H), saturated hydrocarbons (C-H), aliphatic fluoro (C-F), bromo (C-Br) and chloro (C-Cl) compounds, organic sulfates (S=O), esters, ethers, carboxylic acids (C-O), aromatic amines, methane nitriles (C-N), ketones, aldehydes, quinones (C=O), sulfur compounds (C=S), primary and secondary amines (N-H) with bioactive properties in the different solvent-fractions. Results: Data were generated for methanol, n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol and aqueous solvent-fractions of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts. We have generated solvent-mediated phytochemical expression profiles for leaf tissue extracts of both plants based on the phytochemistry of their secondary metabolites. The methanolic solvent-fraction expressed the most phytochemicals in both plants. Conclusion: This study has revitalized the importance of extraction solvents in optimizing phytochemical bioavailability in plant tissues. This may be responsible for variation in medicinal and biological activities reported in prior studies. 

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