A New Approach for Analysing National Innovation Systems in Emerging and Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Seidel ◽  
Lysann Müller ◽  
Gerd Meier zu Köcker ◽  
Guajarino de Araújo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Local System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
The Status ◽  
Individual Determinants ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Emerging And Developing Countries

This paper presents a tool for the indicator-based analysis of national innovation systems (ANIS). ANIS identifies the economic strengths and weaknesses of a country-wide, regional or local system and includes a comprehensive examination and evaluation of the status of existing innovation systems. The use of a particular form of expert interviews at macro, meso and micro levels provides a detailed image of a national, regional or local economy. This analytical approach is intended mainly for emerging and developing countries, for which standard innovation benchmarking and monitoring approaches may not be appropriate. The ANIS approach provides a quick and comprehensive picture of the main scope of interventions for improving individual determinants of an innovation system. As a result, targeted policy measures can be formulated to address these determinants. Policy makers can thus benefit from clear advice when striving to overcome weaknesses in their innovation systems and in identifying those determinants that should receive special attention. An analysis of the local innovation system of Manaus in Brazil is presented here as an example.

DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF STATE RESOURCES TO CREATE A NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AS A FACTOR IN INCREASING THE STATE'S ECONOMIC SECURITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-197
Author(s):  
Anatoliy B. Yaroshchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Market Model ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Public Resources

The article considers the current and future systems for assessing the effectiveness of the use of state resources to create a national innovation system as a factor in improving the economic security of the state, the author develops a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the use of state resources to create a national innovation system. The cyclical development of the world economy in the conditions of globalization is connected, first of all, with the change of technological structures, as well as with the provision of competitiveness for all levels of economic management. In the domestic and foreign economic literature, there is an idea of the national innovation system, which covers all types of economic objects in the country with innovations, increasing their competitiveness, and, thus, the national economy as a whole, and also directly affects the increase in the level of economic security of the country. Most developed countries and many developing countries have already established or are in the process of establishing their national innovation systems, built either on the basis of models already known and tested in other countries, or new, unique models for building innovation systems. The differences between these models of creation of national innovation systems of different countries are, both in the levels of economic objects, which are the basis of innovative breakthrough, and in the degree of use of public resources: "centralized model", based on public resources, or "market model", or a mixed model of "public-private partnership". These issues are the basis for consideration of the presented article. The methodological basis for writing the article was modern scientific research methods, including: dialectical method, method of system analysis, methods of analogy, comparative analysis, expert methods, structural-functional and normative approaches.

scholarly journals MEGATRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL INNOVATION NETWORKS

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rylach
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Global Innovation

Under the megatrend, we mean large-scale technological, economic, social, political changes that occur slowly, but in the long run, when they are rooted, they substantially and permanently affect most of the processes in society. Such relative stability in the trajectory of the main forces of change can predict some elements of medium and long-term future changes. The article investigates such megatrends of the development of global innovation networks as the structural nature of the global innovation system, the development of systemic interconnections in the field of innovation, the interaction of national innovation systems and global, the internationalization of innovation activity, and the paradigm of "open innovation". The methodological principles and structural elements of the concept of the national innovation system are determined in the paper, the connection of national innovation systems with the phenomenon of internationalization of the innovation sphere is explored. The theoretical principles of the phenomenon of internationalization of innovation activity are investigated, as well as the preconditions for the emergence of the concept of "open innovation" and its current trends have been established. The concept of open innovation is an important precondition for the emergence and functioning of global innovation networks. The paper analyzes the genesis and specificity of the phenomenon of global innovation networks, outlines their structure and dynamics. It has been determined that global innovation networks play an important role in the development of the modern world economy, as they stimulate international cooperation in the innovation sphere, transfer of knowledge to the world economy and general scientific and technological development and growth of world production.

scholarly journals A Functional Analysis of Technological Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: An Evaluation of Iran’s Photovoltaic Innovation System

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2049
Author(s):  
Mohammad Esmailzadeh ◽  
Siamak Noori ◽  
Alireza Aliahmadi ◽  
Hamidreza Nouralizadeh ◽  
Marcel Bogers
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Functional Problems

For developing countries to catch up, it is vital that they develop emerging technologies and the system that supports that development. The literature suggests developing a technological innovation system (TIS) framework to investigate the development of technologies in a country. Nonetheless, most of this research focuses on developed countries without taking into account developing countries. Therefore, in this paper, we have two main goals. First, reviewing the indicators introduced to the functional analysis of TISs and modifying these indicators based on developing countries’ circumstances. Second, applying this framework to the specific case of Iran’s renewable energy program by using these indicators for analyzing Iran’s photovoltaic TIS to identify the problems. Accordingly, we review indicators used for a functional analysis by considering the needs of developing countries, and we propose a list of indicators that can be used for assessing functions in developing countries’ TISs. The results show that, to evaluate some functions of TIS, we need to use new indicators in developing countries. Finally, we propose some policy recommendations to tackle these functional problems.

Assessing the efficiency of national innovation systems in developing countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-540
Author(s):  
Hyeri Choi ◽  
Hangjung Zo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Application Process ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Knowledge Absorption

Abstract Despite the growing importance of developing countries to the global economy and their increasing role in innovation, limited academic attention has been given to the national innovation systems (NIS) of these countries. Given that they commonly suffer a lack of resources, efficiency in the operation of innovation seems crucial. This study aims to assess the innovation efficiency of developing countries. Breaking down the NIS into two stages, knowledge production and application process, we additionally introduce the knowledge absorption perspective in the latter stage as the consideration for the context of developing countries. Based on the results of the efficiency assessment, clustering analysis is implemented to identify several typologies of the operation of NIS in developing countries and to provide implications for each case. This study will constitute a meaningful attempt to provide a general understanding of innovation status and operations in developing countries, thereby suggesting policy directions for several cases.

Methodological Aspects of Formation and Development of National Innovation Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Dametken TUREKULOVA ◽  
Lyazzat MUKHAMBETOVA ◽  
Nurzhamal KURMANKULOVA ◽  
Ainur KEMALOVA ◽  
Rimma SATKANOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The article considers various approaches to the understanding of the term "national innovation system", presents the author's vision of this category. The history of the emergence and evolution of the development of the concept of a national innovation system has been studied, the main directions for the development of national innovation systems in foreign countries, and tools to support the national innovation system are presented. The characteristic of models of national innovation systems is given.

The Theoretical Views on Innovation Systems and the Application in China

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Li Zhao ◽  
Wen-Fei Gao
Keyword(s):  
Bohai Sea ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
River Delta ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Delta Area ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Basic Functions

This paper firstly introduces the different views of innovation, including the basic functions, characteristics and models of the national/sub-national innovation systems. Then, a new output model, interactive model and the main evaluating indicators of an innovation system are brought forward. The main evaluating indicators are: Innovation System Performance reflecting the previous output of the innovation system, and Innovation System Capacity expecting the future performance by effectively attracting, configuring and using all elements or resources of the innovation system. Finally, the application of innovation system in China is introduced, which includes the national innovation system and the sub-national innovation systems in The Pan-Pearl River Delta Area, Yangtze River Delta Area and Bohai Sea Rim Area.

scholarly journals Persistent Developmental Limits to Devising Policy Innovation for Innovation Policies in Emerging Economies

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Defny Holidin
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Coordination Mechanisms ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
The Face ◽  
Development Paths ◽  
Innovation Policies

Promising industrial profiles of Southeast Asian emerging economies have met their developmental limits in the face of the Asian Financial Crisis in the late 1990s. However, following the crisis, they have not been successful in upscaling the technological competitiveness of their industries. By applying the national innovation system approach originally developed in advanced western economies as an institutional mechanism of policy innovation in light of developmentalism, I seek to explain these persistent developmental limits in Malaysia and Indonesia. My qualitative research examines literature discussing policy coordination mechanisms in innovation policies and policy documents containing coordination mechanisms involving firms, universities, and government agencies; then, how these issues implicate innovation policies in the two countries. I employ a comparative institutional analysis between them focusing on institutional characteristics of the national innovation systems, specifically their institutional obstacles occurring within development paths amidst prevailing political environments. I suggest that persistent developmental limits in Malaysia and Indonesia result from systemic failures of achieving developmental aims regardless of their politico-administrative regimes. Existing institutional frameworks of the national innovation systems, entrenched in the socio-economic prevalence of the two countries, have not fit the nations’ developmental aims pursued upon innovation upgrading.

Efficiency-effectiveness assessment of national innovation systems: comparative analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asieh Bakhtiar ◽  
Seyed Sepehr Ghazinoory ◽  
Alireza Aslani ◽  
Vahid Mafi
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
Effectiveness Assessment

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the performance of innovation systems by considering two indicators of efficiency and effectiveness. The scope of the evaluation is globally and due to the situation of each country, the suggested strategies are proposed to maintain the status quo or move toward the desired situation for countries. Design/methodology/approach The approach is to compare and benchmark the countries in terms of the efficiency and effectiveness of their innovation system. The Global Innovation Index report’s input-to-output ratio and the global competitiveness report are used for the assessment. Findings The findings indicate that countries such as China, Switzerland and the USA have an efficient and effective innovation system. However, the innovation systems in countries such as Brazil and Zimbabwe are not only inefficient but also ineffective. The findings also indicate that the innovation systems of countries such as Iran, Armenia and Egypt are efficient but ineffective. Finally, the authors can name Australia, Qatar and Russia as countries with effective but inefficient innovation systems. Originality/value Assessment of national innovation system using efficiency and effectiveness performances is done for the first time at the global stage.

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