scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Quality Using a Plugging Coefficient Based on a Pore Blocking Filtration Model in the Membrane Filtration Process

MEMBRANE ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 307-316
Author(s):  
Mitsuharu Furuichi ◽  
Kanji Matsumoto ◽  
Kazuho Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Pore Blocking ◽  
Filtration Model

scholarly journals Neural Network Model Development with Soft Computing Techniques for Membrane Filtration Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2614
Author(s):  
Zakariah Yusuf ◽  
Norhaliza Abdul Wahab ◽  
Shafishuhaza Sahlan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Gravitational Search Algorithm ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Soft Computing Techniques ◽  
Filtration Model

<span>Membrane bioreactor employs an efficient filtration technology for solid and liquid separation in wastewater treatment process. Development of membrane filtration model is significant as this model can be used to predict filtration dynamic which is later utilized in control development. Most of the available models only suitable for monitoring purpose, which are too complex, required many variables and not suitable for control system design. This work focusing on the simple time seris model for membrane filtration process using neural network technique. In this paper, submerged membrane filtration model developed using recurrent neural network (RNN) train using genetic algorithm (GA), inertia weight particle swarm optimization (IW-PSO) and gravitational search algorithm (GSA). These optimization algorithms are compared in term of its accuracy and convergent speed in updating the weights and biases of the RNN for optimal filtration model. The evaluation of the models is measured using three performance evaluations, which are mean square error (MSE), mean absolute deviation (MAD) and coefficient of determination (R2). From the results obtained, all methods yield satisfactory result for the model, with the best results given by <br /> IW-PSO.</span>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Quality by the Modified SDI in the Membrane Filtration Process

MEMBRANE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanji Matsumoto ◽  
Miysuharu Furuichi ◽  
Kazuho Nakamura ◽  
Tadashi Nittami
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Filtration Process

The Comparison of Membrane Blocking Process and Yeast Membrane Filtration Data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu T. G. Giorges ◽  
John A. Pierson
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Cake Filtration ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Pore Blocking ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
Blocking Mechanisms

Membrane filtration systems are used in a variety of processing industries where their performance meet and exceed the requirements in cost and quality. However, it is a challenge to design a small pore-size membrane system that treats very concentrated, large-volume streams within a reasonable time period. In the processing industries, several membrane technologies are used to separate various fluid streams where the concentrate or filtrate contains high-value products. Nevertheless, pore blocking is one of the major factors determining the applicability, efficiency and performance of the membrane filtration and separation system. Inside and outside membrane pore blockages lead to concentration polarization and cake buildup that reduces the flux rate and increases losses in system efficiency. There are four pore blocking mechanisms identified and modeled (complete, standard, intermediate and cake). Several experimental and theoretical works exist that describe the pore flow and blocking process. Depending on the processing fluid and membrane characteristics, all or some of the blocking mechanisms will be exhibited during the filtration process. Understanding the fluid and membrane size and characteristics in addition to pore blocking mechanisms is very important to designing effective membrane filtration systems that overcome the drawbacks associated with membrane performance. Furthermore, developing a membrane filtration system with a target cleaning process that controls membrane performance declines and maintains a reasonable flux for an extended period of time requires understanding and identifying the cause of membrane blocking. In this study, the membrane blocking during the filtration process was investigated experimentally. The experiment was designed to simulate the characteristics of a fluid stream encountered in food processing. The higher concentration was selected to manage the experiment time as well as to address worst-case scenarios, while the lower concentrations were selected to manage the filter area reduction. Dead-end filtration of two yeast solution concentrations were filtered through two different filter areas. In addition, the dynamic tests were conducted with shear generated using an impeller operated at various rotational speeds. Several tests were performed and the filtrate volume, time, pressure and agitation rate were recorded. The volume was measured with a graduated cylinder and the time measured in seconds. The results show the membrane blocking process is significantly affected by the membrane and fluid characteristics. The plots of pore blocking models and the experimental membrane filtrate data show the dominant pore blocking observed for both filters and flow process is cake filtration. The side-by-side comparison also indicates that the dominant pore blocking mechanisms depend on time. Thus, the initial and final pore blocking may not be attributed to the same pore blocking mechanism. Although it cannot be clearly shown from the current study, some part of the experimental flux profile may also be shaped by the combined pore blocking effects.

Screening optimisation for indirect potable reuse

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2846-2852 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Hatt ◽  
S. J. Judd ◽  
E. Germain
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Filter Fouling

An automatic backflush pre-filter used for pre-treatment for secondary wastewater re-use was evaluated and optimised at two different mesh sizes over an 18 month period. The filter was initially run with a 500 μm rating mesh size, as recommended by the supplier of the downstream membrane filtration process, and then at 100 μm to investigate any change in water quality produced and associated improved membrane performance. With the 500 μm mesh in place, the filter fouling rate was low and a backflush was initiated every 3.5 h. For the 100 μm mesh the fouling rate was extremely rapid. Fouling was found to be caused by reverse side blockage of the pre-filter due to biofilm growth, and not by improved solids capture; there was no improvement in water quality with the smaller mesh size, since particle unloading from the biofilm took place. The pre-filter fouling rate was found to be related to turbidity. At a turbidity of 5 NTU the filter backflushed around 200 times per day, while at 10 NTU this increased to over 300 times. Further analysis enabled the backflush water volume to be decreased by reducing the backflush duration and increasing the backflush cycle time (i.e. the time between backflushes).

Leading the City of Baltimore into the 21st Century: Flexible Treatment Solutions and Integrated Raw Water Management

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Manuszak ◽  
M. MacPhee ◽  
S. Liskovich ◽  
L. Feldsher
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
The City

The City of Baltimore, Maryland is one of many US cities faced with challenges related to increasing potable water demands, diminishing fresh water supplies, and aging infrastructure. To address these challenges, the City recently undertook a $7M study to evaluate water supply and treatment alternatives and develop the conceptual design for a new 120 million gallon per day (MGD) water treatment plant. As part of this study, an innovative raw water management tool was constructed to help model source water availability and predicted water quality based on integration of a new and more challenging surface water supply. A rigorous decision-making approach was then used to screen and select appropriate treatment processes. Short-listed treatment strategies were demonstrated through a year-long pilot study, and process design criteria were collected in order to assess capital and operational costs for the full-scale plant. Ultimately the City chose a treatment scheme that includes low-pressure membrane filtration and post-filter GAC adsorption, allowing for consistent finished water quality irrespective of which raw water supply is being used. The conceptual design includes several progressive concepts, which will: 1) alleviate treatment limitations at the City's existing plants by providing additional pre-clarification facilities at the new plant; and 2) take advantage of site conditions to design and operate the submerged membrane system by gravity-induced siphon, saving the City significant capital and operations and maintenance (O&M) costs. Once completed, the new Fullerton Water Filtration Plant (WFP) will be the largest low-pressure membrane plant in North America, and the largest gravity-siphon design in the world.

Ammonia Removal from Raw Water by using Adsorptive Membrane Filtration Process

2021 ◽  
pp. 118757
Author(s):  
Rosiah Rohani ◽  
Izzati Izni Yusoff ◽  
Nadiah Khairul Zaman ◽  
Arshid Mahmood Ali ◽  
Nadiatul Atalia Balqis Rusli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Adsorptive Membrane
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