scholarly journals Characterization of Liposomes Which Have Functional Polymer Chains on Their Surfaces.

MEMBRANE ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Tagawa ◽  
Hiromi Kitano
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Functional Polymer

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF DEFORMED POLYMER USING CONFOCAL RAMAN MICROSCOPY AND DSC

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Birgit Neitzel ◽  
Florian Aschermayer ◽  
Milan Kracalik ◽  
Sabine Hild
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Confocal Raman Microscopy ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Confocal Raman

Polymers have various interesting properties, which depend largely on their inner structure. One way to influence the macroscopic behaviour is the deformation of the polymer chains, which effects the change in microstructure. For analyzing the microstructure of non-deformed and deformed polymer materials, Raman spectroscopy as well as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used. In the present study we compare the results for crystallinity measurements of deformed polymers using both methods in order to characterize the differences in micro-structure due to deformation. The study is ongoing, and we present the results of the first tests.

scholarly journals Copper Containing Glass-Based Bone Adhesives for Orthopaedic Applications: Glass Characterization and Advanced Mechanical Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar. Mokhtari ◽  
Anthony.W. Wren
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compression Data

AbstractThis study addresses issues with currently used bone adhesives, by producing novel glass based skeletal adhesives through modification of the base glass composition to include copper (Cu) and by characterizing each glass with respect to structural changes. Bioactive glasses have found applications in fields such as orthopedics and dentistry, where they have been utilized for the restoration of bone and teeth. The present work outlines the formation of flexible organic-inorganic polyacrylic acid (PAA) – glass hybrids, commercial forms are known as glass ionomer cements (GICs). Initial stages of this research will involve characterization of the Cu-glasses, significant to evaluate the properties of the resulting adhesives. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of annealed Cu glasses indicates the presence of partial crystallization in the glass. The structural analysis of the glass using Raman suggests the formation of CuO nanocrystals on the surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further confirmed the formation of crystalline CuO phases on the surface of the annealed Cu-glass. The setting reaction was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The mechanical properties of the Cu containing adhesives exhibited gel viscoelastic behavior and enhanced mechanical properties when compared to the control composition. Compression data indicated the Cu glass adhesives were efficient at energy dissipation due to the reversible interactions between CuO nano particles and PAA polymer chains.

Characterization of electrospun polylactide nanofibers modified via atom transfer radical polymerization

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372093038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mushtaq ◽  
Rahim Jindani ◽  
Amjad Farooq ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Hina Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Surface Grafting ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polymerization Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polylactic acid-based membranes received considerable attention due to its novel biocompatibility, renewability, and biodegradability. In this study, PLA electrospun nanofibrous membrane was prepared and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was used as a monomer for surface grafting of polymer chains via the atom transfer radical polymerization method. Then the PLA nanofibers were quaternized by using bromoethane. The characterization of poly(DMAEMA) graft PLA nanofiber (poly(DMAEMA)-g-PLA) membranes was done by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results showed that the diameter of PLA nanofibers increased 15% as the concentration increased from 10% to 12% and then increased 23% as the concentration of PLA solution increased from 10% to 15%. But the regularity of average diameters is best achieved at 12% concentration.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of a Lignin-Styrene-Butyl Acrylate Based Composite

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1080
Author(s):  
Daniel López Serna ◽  
Perla Elizondo Martínez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Reyes González ◽  
Antonio Alberto Zaldívar Cadena ◽  
Erasto Armando Zaragoza Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Water Measurement

In recent years, the pursuit of new polymer materials based on renewable raw materials has been intensified with the aim of reusing waste materials in sustainable processes. The synthesis of a lignin, styrene, and butyl acrylate based composite was carried out by a mass polymerization process. A series of four composites were prepared by varying the amount of lignin in 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.% keeping the content of butyl acrylate constant (14 wt.%). FTIR and SEM revealed that the –OH functional groups of lignin reacted with styrene, which was observed by the incorporation of lignin in the copolymer. Additionally, DSC analysis showed that the increment in lignin loading in the composite had a positive influence on thermal stability. Likewise, Shore D hardness assays exhibited an increase from 25 to 69 when 5 and 20 wt.% lignin was used respectively. In this same sense, the contact angle (water) measurement showed that the LEBA15 and LEBA20 composites presented hydrophobic properties (whit contact angle above 90°) despite having the highest amount of lignin, demonstrating that the interaction of the polymer chains with the –OH groups of lignin was the main mechanism in the composites interaction.

scholarly journals Maturational Characterization of Mouse Cortical Neurons Three-Dimensionally Cultured in Functional Polymer FP001-Containing Medium

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1545-1553
Author(s):  
Noritaka Nakamichi ◽  
Yuta Matsumoto ◽  
Takumi Kawanishi ◽  
Takahiro Ishimoto ◽  
Yusuke Masuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Functional Polymer

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of PLA-Micro-structured Hydroxyapatite Composite Films

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Madalina Pandele ◽  
Andreea Constantinescu ◽  
Ionut Cristian Radu ◽  
Florin Miculescu ◽  
Stefan Ioan Voicu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Films ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Composite ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir And Raman

This article presents a facile synthesis method used to obtain new composite films based on polylactic acid and micro-structured hydroxyapatite particles. The composite films were synthesized starting from a polymeric solution in chloroform (12 wt.%) in which various concentrations of hydroxyapatite (1, 2, and 4 wt.% related to polymer) were homogenously dispersed using ultrasonication followed by solvent evaporation. The synthesized composite films were morphologically (through SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) and structurally (through FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy) characterized. The thermal behavior of the composite films was also determined. The SEM and AFM analyses showed the presence of micro-structured hydroxyapatite particles in the film’s structure, as well as changes in the surface morphology. There was a significant decrease in the crystallinity of the composite films compared to the pure polymer, this being explained by a decrease in the arrangement of the polymer chains and a concurrent increase in the degree of their clutter. The presence of hydroxyapatite crystals did not have a significant influence on the degradation temperature of the composite film.

scholarly journals In-Situ X-Ray Characterization of Fiber Structure during Melt Spinning

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892500800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Ellison ◽  
Paulo E. Lopes ◽  
William T. Pennington
Keyword(s):  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Structure Evolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spinning Process

The properties of a polymer are strongly influenced by its morphology. In the case of fibers from semi-crystalline polymers this consists of the degree of crystallinity, the spacing and alignment of the crystalline regions, and molecular orientation of the polymer chains in the amorphous regions. Information on crystallinity and orientation can be obtained from X-ray analysis. In-situ X-ray characterization of a polymer during the melt spinning process is a major source of information about the effects of material characteristics and processing conditions upon structure evolution along the spinline, and the final structure and properties of the end product. We have recently designed and installed an X-ray system capable of in-situ analysis during polymer melt spinning. To the best of our knowledge this system is unique in its capabilities for the simultaneous detection of wide angle and small angle X-ray scattering (WAXS and SAXS, respectively), its use of a conventional laboratory radiation source, its vertical mobility along the spinline, and its ability to simulate a semi-industrial environment. Setup, operation and demonstration of the capabilities of this system is presented herein as applied to the characterization of the melt spinning of isotactic poly(propylene). Crystallinity and crystalline orientation calculated from WAXS patterns, and lamellar long period calculated from SAXS patterns, were obtained during melt spinning of the polymer along the spinline.

Fabrication and Characterization of RF Plasma Polymerized Thin Films from 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol for Electronic and Biomaterial Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 323-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateryna Bazaka ◽  
Mohan V. Jacob ◽  
Robert A. Shanks
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Rf Plasma ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Average Roughness ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
Complete Dissociation

Poly(linalool) thin films were fabricated using RF plasma polymerisation. All films were found to be smooth, defect-free surfaces with average roughness of 0.44 nm. The FTIR analysis of the polymer showed a notable reduction in –OH moiety and complete dissociation of C=C unsaturation compared to the monomer, and presence of a ketone band absent from the spectrum of the monomer. Poly(linalool) were characterised by chain branching and a large quantity of short polymer chains. Films were optically transparent, with refractive index and extinction coefficient of 1.55 and 0.001 (at 500 nm) respectively, indicating a potential application as an encapsulating (protective) coating for circuit boards. The optical band gap was calculated to be 2.82 eV, which is in the semiconducting energy gap region.

A Cross-Scale Characterization of Interface Properties between Carbon Nanotubes and Polymer Matrix

2006 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kausala Mylvaganam ◽  
Liang Chi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mechanical Deformation ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Interface Properties ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Scale Characterization

This paper discusses the methods of promoting covalent bonds between polymer and carbon nanotubes to make high performance composites. Such methods involve attachment of chemical moieties (i.e. functional groups) to the sidewalls of carbon nanotubes, introduction of mechanical deformation on nanotubes, or generation of radicals on the polymer chains using free radical generators. The implementation of the latter method is demonstrated at both quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics levels.

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