scholarly journals Skeletal Remains of Mauremys reevesii (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from a Late Medieval Archeological Site in Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture, Western Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Akio Takahashi ◽  
Akane Kusaka ◽  
Naoki Kamezaki
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Western Japan ◽  
Hiroshima Prefecture ◽  
Archeological Site

scholarly journals Concentrations of SO2, NOx and O3 and Their Diurnal Variation at Mt. Gokurakuji and Its Vicinity, Hiroshima Prefecture, Western Japan.

2002 ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki CHIWA ◽  
Tsuyoshi HIRAKAWA ◽  
Akihiko NAEMURA ◽  
Takemitsu ARAKAKI ◽  
Hiroshi SAKUGAWA
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Western Japan ◽  
Hiroshima Prefecture

scholarly journals Hiroshima Prefecture geo-disasters due to Western Japan Torrential rainfall in July 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-299
Author(s):  
Ryota Hashimoto ◽  
Takashi Tsuchida ◽  
Takeo Moriwaki ◽  
Seiji Kano
Keyword(s):  
Western Japan ◽  
Hiroshima Prefecture ◽  
Torrential Rainfall

scholarly journals Non-metric traits, physiological stress indicators and paleopathological lesion on human skeletal remains from an early modern cemetery in Wyszyński Street, Wrocław, Poland (15th–18th centuries AD)

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Tomaszewska ◽  
Barbara Kwiatkowska
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Cribra Orbitalia

Abstract The anthropological analysis and assessment of the living conditions of historical populations should be comprehensive. Due to the scarcity of the well-preserved skeletal remains of a population buried at the cemetery in Wyszyński Street, Wrocław, each piece of information is particularly important in providing the complementary information about living and health conditions of late medieval and early modern inhabitants of Wrocław. This study aims to assess the living conditions of the late medieval and early modern Wrocław inhabitants. This aim was reached by analyzing the frequency of non-metrical cranial and postcranial traits, physiological stress indicators, and pathological lesions. The importance of these traits for population studies is also discussed. For 98 skeletons (22.4% male and 37.8% female) from a cemetery located in Wyszyński Street, (15th –18th centuries AD), the frequencies (p) of the following traits were analyzed: 38 non-metric cranial and 9 post-cranial traits, the morphological indicators of physiological stress (i.e. cribra orbitalia and enamel hypoplasia), caries and pathological lesions on bones. Among the non-metric cranial traits, only nine (23.7%) were not observed. The most frequent (from p= 0.30 to p=0.65) were foramen parietale, incisura frontalis accesoria seu foramen frontale accesorius, foramen supraorbitale, M3 mandibulare, ossicula suturae lambdoideae, and foramen mastoideum extrasuturale. Only three non-metric post-cranial traits were observed, but with low frequency (p=0.01 and 0.02). Cribra orbitalia was present in 37.0% of the skeletons while enamel hypoplasia was present in only 2.6%. Susceptibility to caries occurred in 68% of the cases while carries lesions occurred in 31.2%. Among pathological changes, the most frequent were degenerative changes (21.6%) and injuries (19.6%). Owing to the poorly preserved remains, the complete assessment of the living conditions of the population was difficult. The number of the observed traits would have probably increased, had the number of complete and well-preserved skeletons been higher. The results of the study suggest that the living conditions of the studied population were poor. It is hypothesized that the cemetery was a burial place for prisoners and victims of various epidemics that affected the city. But since the historical sources of this cemetery are scarce, it is hard to unequivocally state its purpose with certainty.

Terrains of Myths and Devotion

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-153
Author(s):  
Eiji Okawa
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Western Japan ◽  
Surrounding Space ◽  
Popular Devotion ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
A Site ◽  
Modern Era

How do religious imaginings and practices reconstitute the environment and situate communities in the surrounding space? What can religious institutions tell us about the historical interplays among myths, societal formations, and terrains of the earth? This chapter inquires these questions with a case study from preindustrial Japan. The Buddhist monastery of Kôyasan in the mountains of Kii province in western Japan enjoyed historical prominence both on political and spiritual terms. In the late medieval era (14th to 16th centuries), it presided as a landholding overlord and ruled large estates in the plains below. As a site of popular devotion, it developed in the early modern era (or Tokugawa, ca. 1600-1867) a transregional network of worshippers who sought its ritual services that promised salvation in the afterlife. What, then, propelled Kôyasan to its historical prominence? By contextualizing clerical practices with the mythical landscape of the monastery, the chapter uncovers how Kôyasan's success was undergirded by the ritual reconstitution of the land and soil.

Medieval Fishing and Fish Trade

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Fish Bones ◽  
Fish Trade ◽  
Marine Fishing

This article discusses major developments in British marine (and to a lesser degree freshwater) fishing and fish trade between ad 1050 and 1550. Much information derives from study of fish bones recovered by archaeological excavation. Historical evidence is also important, as is information regarding human diet based on stable isotope analysis of skeletal remains. By combining these sources it is possible to infer the initial growth of marine fishing (especially of herring, cod, and related species), the emergence of long-range fish trade, and the late-medieval reorientation of traditional fisheries to harvest ever more distant grounds. Concurrently, it is possible to document a declining catch of freshwater fish, as they became more exclusively associated with elite consumption.

Cave Sites of the Jomon Period in Taishaku Gorge, Western Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
E. A. Solovyeva ◽  
Y. Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Bone Tools ◽  
Subsistence Strategies ◽  
Mollusk Shells ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Marine Mollusks ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Western Japan ◽  
Hiroshima Prefecture ◽  
Sea Coast

We describe the largest group of cave sites in Japan known to date. It includes some 50 sites, located in a gorge within the area of the modern Taishaku National Natural Park. Their characteristics are provided and their relevance to the study of the early stages of the Jomon Period is assessed. The study is based on publications, fi eld reports, and samples of artifacts owned by the museums in the Hiroshima Prefecture. The focus is on cave sites in the Chugoku region, their location, structure, inner space, and utility zones in the adjoining territory. Special attention is paid to the reconstruction of sequence in which parts of the cave space were exploited at different stages of the Jomon Period. Archaeological fi nds are described in detail—stone and bone tools, potsherds, and mollusk shells. Their analysis suggests that the Jomon people who lived in those caves subsisted mostly by hunting and freshwater mollusk collecting. Shells of marine mollusks and tools made of sanukite, which is unavailable in the area, indicate trade relations between cave dwellers and people of the adjoining regions, including the sea coast. A conclusion is made that population growth and greater reliance on hunting and fi shing territories rich in vegetation led to the change in lifestyle and subsistence strategies of the Jomon people.

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