Detection of biomaterial in vivo microenvironment pH (μe-pH) and its effect on bone defect regeneration under unbalanced bone remodling condition

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenlong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Defect ◽  
Microenvironment Ph

scholarly journals Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Beenken ◽  
Mara J. Campbell ◽  
Aura M. Ramirez ◽  
Karrar Alghazali ◽  
Christopher M. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Bone Filler ◽  
Antibiotic Release ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

AbstractWe previously reported the development of an osteogenic bone filler scaffold consisting of degradable polyurethane, hydroxyapatite, and decellularized bovine bone particles. The current study was aimed at evaluating the use of this scaffold as a means of local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in a bone defect contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. We evaluated two scaffold formulations with the same component ratios but differing overall porosity and surface area. Studies with vancomycin, daptomycin, and gentamicin confirmed that antibiotic uptake was concentration dependent and that increased porosity correlated with increased uptake and prolonged antibiotic release. We also demonstrate that vancomycin can be passively loaded into either formulation in sufficient concentration to prevent infection in a rabbit model of a contaminated segmental bone defect. Moreover, even in those few cases in which complete eradication was not achieved, the number of viable bacteria in the bone was significantly reduced by treatment and there was no radiographic evidence of osteomyelitis. Radiographs and microcomputed tomography (µCT) analysis from the in vivo studies also suggested that the addition of vancomycin did not have any significant effect on the scaffold itself. These results demonstrate the potential utility of our bone regeneration scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in contaminated bone defects.

scholarly journals Construction of hollow polydopamine nanoparticle based drug sustainable release system and its application in bone regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Shuwei Liu ◽  
Chunxia Ren ◽  
Siyuan Xiang ◽  
Daowei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Drug Load ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Low Toxicity

AbstractNanomaterial-based drug sustainable release systems have been tentatively applied to bone regeneration. They, however, still face disadvantages of high toxicity, low biocompatibility, and low drug-load capacity. In view of the low toxicity and high biocompatibility of polymer nanomaterials and the excellent load capacity of hollow nanomaterials with high specific surface area, we evaluated the hollow polydopamine nanoparticles (HPDA NPs), in order to find an optimal system to effectively deliver the osteogenic drugs to improve treatment of bone defect. Data demonstrated that the HPDA NPs synthesized herein could efficiently load four types of osteogenic drugs and the drugs can effectively release from the HPDA NPs for a relatively longer time in vitro and in vivo with low toxicity and high biocompatibility. Results of qRT-PCR, ALP, and alizarin red S staining showed that drugs released from the HPDA NPs could promote osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) in vitro. Image data from micro-CT and H&E staining showed that all four osteogenic drugs released from the HPDA NPs effectively promoted bone regeneration in the defect of tooth extraction fossa in vivo, especially tacrolimus. These results suggest that the HPDA NPs, the biodegradable hollow polymer nanoparticles with high drug load rate and sustainable release ability, have good prospect to treat the bone defect in future clinical practice.

scholarly journals Bone defect reconstruction via endochondral ossification: A developmental engineering strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204173142110042
Author(s):  
Rao Fu ◽  
Chuanqi Liu ◽  
Yuxin Yan ◽  
Qingfeng Li ◽  
Ru-Lin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Endochondral Bone ◽  
Defect Reconstruction ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Bone Defect Reconstruction

Traditional bone tissue engineering (BTE) strategies induce direct bone-like matrix formation by mimicking the embryological process of intramembranous ossification. However, the clinical translation of these clinical strategies for bone repair is hampered by limited vascularization and poor bone regeneration after implantation in vivo. An alternative strategy for overcoming these drawbacks is engineering cartilaginous constructs by recapitulating the embryonic processes of endochondral ossification (ECO); these constructs have shown a unique ability to survive under hypoxic conditions as well as induce neovascularization and ossification. Such developmentally engineered constructs can act as transient biomimetic templates to facilitate bone regeneration in critical-sized defects. This review introduces the concept and mechanism of developmental BTE, explores the routes of endochondral bone graft engineering, highlights the current state of the art in large bone defect reconstruction via ECO-based strategies, and offers perspectives on the challenges and future directions of translating current knowledge from the bench to the bedside.

scholarly journals SHED Aggregate Derived Exosomes-shuttled miR-222 Promotes the Regenerative Properties of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Jia Guo ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Wanmin Zhao ◽  
Xiaoning He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Aggregate Formation ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Mirna Sequencing

Abstract Background: Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) aggregate is still limited in clinical application for lack of angiogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of exosomes derived from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) aggregate (SA-Exo) on the aggregate formation and angiogenic properties of PDLSCs.Methods: SA-Exo were isolated by ultracentrifugation. The effect of SA-Exo on the aggregate formation and angiogenic differentiation of PDLSCs were evaluated by investigating extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and tube formation assay. MicroRNA (miRNA) sequencing was employed to screen different miRNA expression. The effect of targeting miRNA on ECM deposition and angiogenesis of PDLSCs aggregate was investigated after overexpression and inhibition of miRNA. Periodontal bone defect rat models were established to evaluate the effect of the PDLSCs aggregate and SA-Exo combination on periodontal bone regeneration. Results: SA-Exo could significantly enhance the ECM deposition and angiogenic ability of PDLSCs. The expression of ECM-associated proteins (COL-I, integrinβ1, and fibronectin), angiogenesis-related proteins (PDGF, ANG, TGFβRII), and related pathway (p-SMAD1/5 and p-SMAD2/3) were upregulated in PDLSCs aggregate with SA-Exo. Mechanistically, miR-222 was found relatively abundant in SA-Exo, which promoted ECM deposition and angiogenesis of PDLSCs. In vivo experiment further validated that combinational use of PDLSCs aggregate and SA-Exo promote more bone formation and neovascularization in rat’s periodontal bone defect.Conclusions: SA-Exo-shuttled miR-222 contributes to PDLSCs aggregate engineering by promoting aggregate formation and angiogenesis, which might through activate the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway.

Reconstructing Box-Like Bone Defect of Mandible with In Vivo Tissue Engineering Bone

2007 ◽  
pp. 1165-1168
Author(s):  
Jin Feng Yao ◽  
Y.Z. Zhang ◽  
C.Y. Bao ◽  
L.Y. Sun ◽  
X.M. Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
In Vivo Tissue Engineering
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