Detecting microstructural changes in MRI normal-appearing tissues of the central nervous system by diffusion tensor and kurtosis imaging

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenshu Qian
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Primary granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system: findings of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and fractional anisotropy in diffusion tensor imaging prior to surgery

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Beppu ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
Hideaki Nishimoto ◽  
Shinichi Nakamura ◽  
Yoichi Nakazato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Mr Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Granulomatous Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

✓Primary granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely rare. Its preoperative diagnosis is difficult as the condition displays nonspecific features on routine neuroimaging investigations. In this paper, the authors report findings of magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and fractional anisotropy (FA) with diffusion tensor MR imaging in a case of granulomatous angiitis of the CNS. A 30-year-old man presented with morning headaches and grand mal seizures. An MR image revealed a mass resembling glioblastoma in the right temporal lobe. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed a high choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) ratio indicative of a malignant neoplasm, accompanied by a slight elevation of glutamate and glutamine. The FA value was very low, which is inconsistent with malignant glioma. The mass was totally removed surgically. Histologically, the peripheral lesion of the mass consisted of a rough accumulation of fat granule cells, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and distribution of capillary vessels. Some vessels within the lesion were replaced by granulomas. The histological diagnosis was granulomatous angiitis of the CNS. The MIB-1–positive rate of the granuloma was approximately 5%. Both MR spectroscopy and FA were unable to accurately diagnose granulomatous angiitis of the CNS prior to surgery; however, elevated Cho/Cr and glutamate and glutamine shown by MR spectroscopy may indicate the moderate proliferation potential of the granuloma and the inflammatory process, respectively, in this condition. Although the low FA value in the present case enabled the authors to rule out a diagnosis of glioblastoma, FA values in inflammatory lesions require careful interpretation.

scholarly journals Novel method using DW-MRI and ADC images to guide stereotactic biopsy for the diagnosis small primary angiitis of the central nervous system: A case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Su ◽  
Liang Han ◽  
Mengxing Li ◽  
Zhengming Wang ◽  
Jiadui Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Stereotactic Biopsy ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Primary Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Objective To determine the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging to guide stereotactic biopsy for the diagnosis of intracranial angiitis. Case presentation In a 28-year-old woman who had experienced inactive headache and right limbs numbness for 4 days, preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) scanning, enhanced scanning, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and ADC image scanning were performed. Stereotactic biopsy was performed in one target where the area of edema detected with MR FLAIR, and two targets where the area shown as a high-value and a lower-value area in the DWI/ ADC image. Pathological examinations together with computed tomographic and enhanced MRI scans were conducted after surgery. A preoperative enhanced MRI scan showed a uniform low-intensity lesion in the patient’s left centrum semiovale, with a volume of 3.1 cm3. The DWI and ADC images showed uneven high-intensity signals and different ADC values in the lesion area, respectively. During surgery, tissues around the lesion and the lesion center were sampled at the three selected targets. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was primary angiitis of the central nervous system, and the patient was given anti-inflammatory medication and hormone therapy. The 3-year follow-up confirmed that the patient had recovered well, with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 5.Conclusion DW-MRI and ADC images can be reliably used to determine the location of small intracranial lesions, and guide stereotactic biopsy to facilitate the diagnosis of primary vasculitis of the central nervous system.

Age-related Degradation in the Central Nervous System: Assessment with Diffusion-Tensor Imaging and Quantitative Fiber Tracking

Radiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 247 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Stadlbauer ◽  
Erich Salomonowitz ◽  
Guido Strunk ◽  
Thilo Hammen ◽  
Oliver Ganslandt
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Fiber Tracking ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
System Assessment

scholarly journals Novel method using DW-MRI and ADC images to guide stereotactic biopsy for the diagnosis small primary angiitis of the central nervous system: A case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Su ◽  
Liang Han ◽  
Mengxing Li ◽  
Zhengming Wang ◽  
Jiadui Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Stereotactic Biopsy ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Primary Angiitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Objective To determine the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging to guide stereotactic biopsy for the diagnosis of intracranial angiitis. Case presentation In a 28-year-old woman who had experienced inactive headache and right limbs numbness for 4 days, preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) scanning, enhanced scanning, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and ADC image scanning were performed. Stereotactic biopsy was performed in one target where the area of edema detected with MR FLAIR, and two targets where the area shown as a high-value and a lower-value area in the DWI/ ADC image. Pathological examinations together with computed tomographic and enhanced MRI scans were conducted after surgery. A preoperative enhanced MRI scan showed a uniform low-intensity lesion in the patient’s left centrum semiovale, with a volume of 3.1 cm3. The DWI and ADC images showed uneven high-intensity signals and different ADC values in the lesion area, respectively. During surgery, tissues around the lesion and the lesion center were sampled at the three selected targets. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was primary angiitis of the central nervous system, and the patient was given anti-inflammatory medication and hormone therapy. The 3-year follow-up confirmed that the patient had recovered well, with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 5. Conclusion DW-MRI and ADC images can be reliably used to determine the location of small intracranial lesions, and guide stereotactic biopsy to facilitate the diagnosis of primary vasculitis of the central nervous system.

Do patients with functional chest pain have neuroplastic reorganization of the pain matrix? A diffusion tensor imaging study

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Brøndum Frøkjær ◽  
Andra Sorina Boldea ◽  
Dag Arne Lihaug Hoff ◽  
Anne Lund Krarup ◽  
Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Individual

AbstractBackground and aimsIn functional chest pain (FCP) of presumed esophageal origin central nervous system hyperexcitability is generally believed to play an important role in pain pathogenesis. However, this theory has recently been challenged. Using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging, the aim was to characterize any microstructural reorganization of the pain neuromatrix in FCP patients.Methods13 FCP patients and 20 matched healthy controls were studied in a 3T MR scanner. Inclusion criteria were relevant chest pain, normal coronary angiogram and normal upper gastrointestinal evaluation. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) (i.e. mean diffusivity of water) and fractional anisotropy (FA) (i.e. directionality of water diffusion as a measure of fiber organization) values were assessed in the secondary sensory cortex, cingulate cortex, insula, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala.ResultsOverall, including all regions, no difference in ADC and FA values was found between the patients and controls (P = 0.79 and P = 0.23, respectively). Post-hoc tests revealed no difference in ADC and FA values of the individual regions. However, a trend of patients having increased ADC in the mid insula grey matter and increased FA in the mid insula white matter was observed (both P = 0.065).ConclusionsThis explorative study suggests that microstructural reorganization of the central pain neuromatrix may not be present in well-characterized FCP patients.ImplicationsThis finding, together with recent neurophysiologal evidence, challenges the theory of visceral hypersensitivity due to changes in the central nervous system in FCP patients.

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