Luminescent cyclometalated gold (III) complexes with ancillary N-heterocyclic carbene and alkynyl ligands : from design, synthesis, photophysics to supramolecular assembly and functions

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka-man Au
Keyword(s):  
Supramolecular Assembly ◽  
Design Synthesis

The 3-Dimensional Molecular Structure of the Actin Filament Revisited

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
U. Aebi ◽  
R. Millonig ◽  
H. Salvo
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filament ◽  
Supramolecular Assembly ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Single Filament ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Filament Diameter ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Apparent Diameter

To date, most 3-D reconstructions of undecorated actin filaments have been obtained from actin filament paracrystal data (for refs, see 1,2). However, due to the fact that (a) the paracrystals may be several filament layers thick, and (b) adjacent filaments may sustantially interdigitate, these reconstructions may be subject to significant artifacts. None of these reconstructions has permitted unambiguous tracing or orientation of the actin subunits within the filament. Furthermore, measured values for the maximal filament diameter both determined by EM and by X-ray diffraction analysis, vary between 6 and 10 nm. Obviously, the apparent diameter of the actin filament revealed in the EM will critically depend on specimen preparation, since it is a rather flexible supramolecular assembly which can easily be bent or distorted. To resolve some of these ambiguities, we have explored specimen preparation conditions which may preserve single filaments sufficiently straight and helically ordered to be suitable for single filament 3-D reconstructions, possibly revealing molecular detail.

Self-Assembly of Hydrogels From Elastin-Mimetic Block Copolymers

2002 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Wright ◽  
R. Andrew McMillan ◽  
Alan Cooper ◽  
Robert P. Apkarian ◽  
Vincent P. Conticello
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Triblock Copolymers ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Inverse Temperature ◽  
Temperature Transition ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Inverse Temperature Transition ◽  
Functional Biomaterials

AbstractTriblock copolymers have traditionally been synthesized with conventional organic components. However, triblock copolymers could be synthesized by the incorporation of two incompatible protein-based polymers. The polypeptides would differ in their hydrophobicity and confer unique physiochemical properties to the resultant materials. One protein-based polymer, based on a sequence of native elastin, that has been utilized in the synthesis of biomaterials is poly (Valine-Proline-Glycine-ValineGlycine) or poly(VPGVG) [1]. This polypeptide has been shown to have an inverse temperature transition that can be adjusted by non-conservative amino acid substitutions in the fourth position [2]. By combining polypeptide blocks with different inverse temperature transition values due to hydrophobicity differences, we expect to produce amphiphilic polypeptides capable of self-assembly into hydrogels. Our research examines the design, synthesis and characterization of elastin-mimetic block copolymers as functional biomaterials. The methods that are used for the characterization include variable temperature 1D and 2D High-Resolution-NMR, cryo-High Resolutions Scanning Electron Microscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry.

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