Study of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and the effects of its specific inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-fai, Ivan Hui
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Specific Inhibitors

Targeting mammalian target of rapamycin: prospects for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser-Aldin Lashgari ◽  
Nazanin Momeni Roudsari ◽  
Saeideh Momtaz ◽  
Negar Ghanaatian ◽  
Parichehr Kohansal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Mtor Pathway ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a general term for a group of chronic and progressive disorders. Several cellular and biomolecular pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, yet the etiology is unclear. Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in the intestinal epithelial cells was also shown to induce inflammation. This review focuses on the inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway and its potential application in treating IBD. We also provide an overview on plant-derived compounds that are beneficial for the IBD management through modulation of the mTOR pathway. Data were extracted from clinical, in vitro and in vivo studies published in English between 1995 and May 2019, which were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Cochrane library databases. Results of various studies implied that inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway downregulates the inflammatory processes and cytokines involved in IBD. In this context, a number of natural products might reverse the pathological features of the disease. Furthermore, mTOR provides a novel drug target for IBD. Comprehensive clinical studies are required to confirm the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors in treating IBD.

scholarly journals Crosstalk of the Caspase Family and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 817
Author(s):  
Junfang Yan ◽  
Yi Xie ◽  
Jing Si ◽  
Lu Gan ◽  
Hongyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cellular Stress ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Caspase Family ◽  
Mediate Cell

Cell can integrate the caspase family and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in response to cellular stress triggered by environment. It is necessary here to elucidate the direct response and interaction mechanism between the two signaling pathways in regulating cell survival and determining cell fate under cellular stress. Members of the caspase family are crucial regulators of inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress response and apoptosis. mTOR signaling is known to mediate cell growth, nutrition and metabolism. For instance, over-nutrition can cause the hyperactivation of mTOR signaling, which is associated with diabetes. Nutrition deprivation can inhibit mTOR signaling via SH3 domain-binding protein 4. It is striking that Ras GTPase-activating protein 1 is found to mediate cell survival in a caspase-dependent manner against increasing cellular stress, which describes a new model of apoptosis. The components of mTOR signaling-raptor can be cleaved by caspases to control cell growth. In addition, mTOR is identified to coordinate the defense process of the immune system by suppressing the vitality of caspase-1 or regulating other interferon regulatory factors. The present review discusses the roles of the caspase family or mTOR pathway against cellular stress and generalizes their interplay mechanism in cell fate determination.

scholarly journals Adiponectin Modulates C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 1762-1773.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj K. Saxena ◽  
Ping P. Fu ◽  
Arumugam Nagalingam ◽  
Jason Wang ◽  
Jeffrey Handy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin

scholarly journals Pre-S2 Mutant-Induced Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signal Pathways as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiao-Fang Teng ◽  
Han-Chieh Wu ◽  
Woei-Cherng Shyu ◽  
Long-Bin Jeng ◽  
Ih-Jen Su
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
B Virus

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Pre-S2 mutant represents an HBV oncoprotein that is accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and manifests as type II ground glass hepatocytes (GGHs). Pre-S2 mutant can induce ER stress and initiate multiple ER stress-dependent or -independent cellular signal pathways, leading to growth advantage of type II GGH. Importantly, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signal pathways are consistently activated throughout the liver tumorigenesis in pre-S2 mutant transgenic mice and in human HCC tissues, leading to hepatocyte proliferation, metabolic disorders, and HCC tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the pre-S2 mutant-induced mTOR signal pathways and its implications in HBV-related HCC tumorigenesis. Clinically, the presence of pre-S2 mutant exhibits a high resistance to antiviral treatment and carries a high risk of HCC development in patients with chronic HBV infection. Targeting at pre-S2 mutant-induced mTOR signal pathways may thus provide potential strategies for the prevention or therapy of HBV-associated HCC.

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