A study of psychosocial vulnerability in the process of criminal recidivism : implications for recidivism prevention

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cham-ming Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Recidivism ◽  
Psychosocial Vulnerability ◽  
Recidivism Prevention

scholarly journals Criminal Recidivism Prevention as One of the Determinative Directions of the Agenda of the United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (15) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Vladislava S. Batyrgareieva ◽  
Sandra Kaija
Keyword(s):  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Criminal Recidivism ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
International Level ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
The World ◽  
Recidivism Prevention ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Prevention Of Crime ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Crime structure of any country in the world always has recurrent crime, the scale of which is not amenable to reduction practically. This crime is the most dangerous manifestation of criminal behaviour of a person, because the return of a person to committing new crimes indicates that the measures which were taken to re-socialise them have proved ineffective. Therefore, the problem of criminal recidivism and combating with it occupies a prominent place among issues which are discussed at the level of UN Congresses on the prevention of crime and the treatment of offenders. In the article the provisions of the materials of these Congresses on criminal recidivism and the practice of its prevention are analysed in detail. At the same time, approaches to the calculation of recurrent crimes on the example of separate countries (USA, UK and Ukraine) are clarified. It is concluded that the scale of recidivism because of different methods of counting recurrent crimes is very different in different countries. This leads to the inability to draw a single picture of the prevalence of criminal recidivism in different regions of the world. It is concluded that to achieve appreciable results in the combating recidivism first of all, some methodological issues need to be resolved. One of them should be an attempt at an international level to develop a more or less standardised method of accounting for recidivism in national practices, which would include: firstly, a clear understanding of which offenses should be considered as recurrent; and secondly, the definition of terms based on which quantitative indicators of recidivism are provided. Jebkuras pasaules valsts noziedzības struktūrā vienmēr pastāv recidīvs, kura mērogu praktiski nav iespējams samazināt. Recidīvā noziedzība ir visbīstamākā personas noziedzīgās uzvedības izpausme, jo personas atgriešanās pie jaunu noziedzīgu nodarījumu izdarīšanas liecina, ka pasākumi to socializēšanai ir izrādījušies neefektīvi. Tāpēc recidīva problēma un tā apkarošana ir būtisks jautājums, kas tiek apspriests Apvienoto Nāciju kongresos par noziedzības novēršanu un sankcijām attiecībā uz likumpārkāpējiem. Rakstā analizēti šo kongresu materiāli par noziedzīgo nodarījumu recidīvu un tā novēršanas praksi, raksturotas atsevišķu valstu (ASV, Lielbritānijas un Ukrainas) pieejas noziedzīgo nodarījumu recidīva aprēķināšanā. Secināts, ka dažādās valstīs recidīvisma mērogs atšķirīgu atkārtotu noziegumu skaitīšanas metožu dēļ ir ļoti atšķirīgs. Un tas noved pie tā, ka nav iespējams izveidot vienotu ainu par noziedzīgo nodarījumu recidīva izplatību dažādos pasaules reģionos. Secināts, ka vērā ņemamu rezultātu sasniegšanai recidīva apkarošanā ir jāatrisina daži metodoloģiski jautājumi. Vienam no tiem vajadzētu būt mēģinājumam starptautiskā līmenī izstrādāt vairāk vai mazāk standartizētu recidīvisma uzskaites metodi nacionālajā praksē, kas ietvertu: pirmkārt, skaidri definētu izpratni par to, kuri nodarījumi uzskatāmi par atkārtotiem; un, otrkārt, tādu terminu definēšanu, uz kuru pamata tiek sniegti recidīvisma kvantitatīvie rādītāji.

The Criminal Recidivism Process

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Zamble ◽  
Vernon L. Quinsey
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Recidivism

Reassessment improves prediction of criminal recidivism: A prospective study of 3,421 individuals in New Zealand.

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 568-581
Author(s):  
Caleb D. Lloyd ◽  
R. Karl Hanson ◽  
Dylan K. Richards ◽  
Ralph C. Serin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Criminal Recidivism ◽  
A Prospective Study

Interventions to reduce preterm birth in pregnant women with psychosocial vulnerability factors - a systematic review.

Midwifery ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 103018
Author(s):  
Johanne Frøsig Pedersen ◽  
Sarah Boutrup Kallesøe ◽  
Sofie Langergaard ◽  
Charlotte Overgaard
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Vulnerability

Some contributions from Latin American career counselling for dealing with situations of psychosocial vulnerability

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Afonso Ribeiro ◽  
Maria da Conceição Coropos Uvaldo ◽  
Fabiano Fonseca da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Career Counselling ◽  
Psychosocial Vulnerability

Improving graduation rates in drug court: A qualitative study of participants’ lived experiences

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Robert Gallagher ◽  
Anne Nordberg ◽  
Elyse Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Drug Court ◽  
Drug Courts ◽  
Criminal Recidivism ◽  
Frequent Contact

For nearly three decades, drug courts have provided a rehabilitative approach within the criminal justice system for individuals who have a substance use disorder. The goal of drug courts is to reduce criminal recidivism, and research has consistently suggested that participants that graduate drug court are less likely to recidivate than those who are terminated from the program. This qualitative study adds to the literature by asking drug court participants ( N = 42) their views on the most helpful aspects of the program that support them in graduating and how the program could be more helpful to support them in graduating. Two themes emerged from the data: (1) participants felt that interventions that are common to drug courts, such as drug testing and having frequent contact with the judge, were most helpful in supporting them in graduating the program; (2) participants felt that the agencies that offered treatment for their substance use disorders used punitive tactics and judgmental approaches that compromised the quality of treatment they received, and they felt that this was a barrier to them graduating the program. The findings are discussed in reference to drug court practice.

The New Panopticon? Examining the Effect of Home Confinement on Criminal Recidivism

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Bouchard ◽  
Jennifer S. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Recidivism

scholarly journals Adherence to Antipsychotic Medication and Criminal Recidivism in a Canadian Provincial Offender Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1002-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie N Rezansoff ◽  
Akm Moniruzzaman ◽  
Seena Fazel ◽  
Lawrence McCandless ◽  
Julian M Somers
Keyword(s):  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Criminal Recidivism

The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 in Community and Incarcerated Samples: Motor and Nonplanning Impulsivity Effects on Criminal Recidivism

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 996-1013
Author(s):  
Laura Ros ◽  
Carmen Zabala ◽  
Dulce Romero-Ayuso ◽  
Verónica Jimeno ◽  
Jorge J. Ricarte
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Criminal Recidivism ◽  
Barratt Impulsiveness Scale ◽  
Motor Impulsivity ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
High Level

Although the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11) is one of the most widely used instruments to assess impulsivity, its factor structure remains controversial. Several authors have suggested that cultural factors may have an impact on its factor structure. It is also necessary to study the measurement invariance of the scale in different populations, especially in the case of incarcerated individuals, given their high level of impulsivity. This study had two objectives: (a) to evaluate the factor structure of the BIS-11 and its measurement invariance across community and incarcerated samples and (b) to evaluate the effect of impulsiveness on criminal recidivism. The results revealed a two-factor structure: Motor and Nonplanning Impulsivity. This solution was invariant across groups. In addition, increased Motor Impulsivity was related to higher criminal recidivism through an increase in aggression. These results corroborate the importance of implementing interventions to reduce impulsivity as a means of preventing recidivism.

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