Upper gastrointestinal mucosal blood flow in health and disease

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslee Y Ong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Astrocytes in health and disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (15) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Murányi ◽  
Zsombor Lacza
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuronal Dysfunction ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Neuronal Synapses ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Novel Targets ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

It is now known that astrocytes are not merely supporting cells but they also play an important role in neuronal funcions. Astrocytes tightly ensheat neuronal synapses and regulate the excitation of neurons by uptaking neurotransmitters; reglulate the cerebral blood flow, cerebral fluid volume and extracellular concentrations of ions. They also supply fuel in the form of lactate and provide free radical scavangers such as glutathione for active neurons. These facts indicate that impaired function of astrocytes may lead to neuronal dysfunction. After brain injury (stroke, trauma or tumors) astrocytes are swollen and release active molecules such as glutamate or free radicals resulting in neuronal dysfunction. Thus, investigation of the molecular mechanisms of astrocyte function may reveal novel targets for the development of therapeutic tools in neuronal diseases.

The Effect of Ice Packs upon Nasal Mucosal Blood Flow

1991 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 1122-1125
Author(s):  
Martin Porter ◽  
Joe Marais ◽  
Neil Tolley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow

Microfluidics to Mimic Blood Flow in Health and Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 483-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Sebastian ◽  
Petra S. Dittrich
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Health And Disease

Effect of Partial Gastric Devascularization on Mucosal Blood Flow and Acid Secretion in Cats

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.E. Varhaug ◽  
K. Svanes ◽  
O.. Søreide ◽  
A. Skarstein
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow

Dopamine-1 receptor stimulation impairs intestinal oxygen utilization during critical hypoperfusion

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (2) ◽  
pp. H668-H675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Guzman ◽  
Ariosto E. Rosado ◽  
James A. Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxygen Utilization ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Receptor Stimulation ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Increased Susceptibility ◽  
Group 1

Effects of a dopamine-1 (DA-1) receptor agonist on systemic and intestinal oxygen delivery (D˙o 2)-uptake relationships were studied in anesthetized dogs during sequential hemorrhage. Control ( group 1) and experimental animals ( group 2) were treated similarly except for the addition of fenoldopam (1.0 μg · kg−1 · min−1) in group 2. Both groups had comparable systemic criticalD˙o 2(D˙o 2crit), but animals in group 2 had a higher gut D˙o 2crit(1.12 ± 1.13 vs. 0.80 ± 0.09 ml · kg−1 · min−1, P < 0.05). At the mucosal level, a clear biphasic delivery-uptake relationship was not observed in group 1; thus oxygen consumption by the mucosa may be supply dependent under physiological conditions. Group 2 demonstrated higher peak mucosal blood flow and lack of supply dependency at higher mucosalD˙o 2 levels. Fenoldopam resulted in a more conspicuous biphasic relationship at the mucosa and a rightward shift of overall splanchnic D˙o 2crit despite increased splanchnic blood flow. These findings suggest that DA-1 receptor stimulation results in increased gut perfusion heterogeneity and maldistribution of perfusion, resulting in increased susceptibility to ischemia.

An autoradiographic study of regional distribution of gastric mucosal blood flow

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (4) ◽  
pp. G566-G574
Author(s):  
W. J. Angerson ◽  
J. G. Geraghty ◽  
D. C. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Autoradiographic Study ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Antral Mucosa ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Greater Curvature ◽  
Mucosal Folds

Iodo[14C]antipyrine autoradiography was used to measure gastric mucosal blood flow in anesthetized rats and to study regional distribution. Blood flows of 61 +/- 8 ml.100 g-1.min-1 (means +/- SE) in corpus and 84 +/- 9 ml.100 g-1.min-1 in antral mucosa compared well with previously reported measurements by hydrogen clearance. Blood flow in the crests of corpus mucosal folds was significantly higher than in the valleys between folds, indicating that the greater susceptibility of the former areas to acute injury, documented in several studies, is not associated with a perfusion defect in the resting stomach. Corpus mucosal blood flow was also higher in the side walls of the stomach than in the greater curvature region, and in distal than in proximal locations. No systematic regional variations within antral mucosa were demonstrated.

Gastric Mucosal Blood Flow Before and After TAE

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadatoshi TSUCHIGAME ◽  
Kohshiro ITOH ◽  
Masafumi HAR ◽  
Okimitsu WATANABE ◽  
Youichi OHYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Before And After

Endoscopic measurements of gastric mucosal blood flow in dogs

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley W. Ashley ◽  
Zhong-Yu Yan ◽  
David I. Soybel ◽  
Laurence Y. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Mucosal Blood Flow ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Blood Flow
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