Pattern detection in autistic children : a comparison of the performance of autistic, retarded & normal children on a pattern detection task

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-sze, Liz Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Detection Task ◽  
Pattern Detection ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Normal Children

PROSES KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL ORANG TUA DENGAN ANAK AUTIS DALAM MEMBENTUK KEMANDIRIAN ANAK

Jurnal Common ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Rakhmatin ◽  
Dian Amilia
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Image Method ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Parents And Children

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses komunikasi interpersonal orang tua kepada anak autis di Kota Bandung. Untuk menjawab dari tujuan penelitian tersebut, peneliti menetapkan sub fokus pada Komunikasi verbal, komunikasi nonverbal, dan faktor penghambat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan studi deskriptif dimana informan yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini berjumlah lima orang yang terdiri dari empat informan kunci sebagai orang tua dan satu informan pendukung psikolog anak sebagai informan pendukung. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses komunikasi interpersonal yang dilakukan antara orang tua dengan anak autis tidak seperti melakukan komunikasi dengan anak normal dan sulit untuk melakukan komunikasi agar dapat dipahami oleh anak autis. Komunikasi verbal yang dilakukan dengan autis harus jelas, tegas, singkat dan juga dengan menggunakan metode gambar, serta adanya kata-kata perintah yang diberikan demi kemandirian anak autis. Komunikasi nonverbal dilakukan dengan gerakan-gerakan ketika orang tua memberikan larangan kepada anak dengan menggunakan gerakan jari telunjuk yang mengacung kemudian digoyangkan, mereka akan segera berhenti melakukan hal tersebut dan memahami bahwa hal tersebut dilarang. Faktor penghambat dalam berkomunikasi dengan anak autis yaitu sulitnya melakukan kontak mata, kurangnya respon yang diberikan, kesulitan berbicara yang dialami anak autis, serta gangguan pada bidang sensori. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This study aims to determine the parent's interpersonal communication process to autistic children in the city of Bandung. To answer the purpose of the study, the researcher established a sub focus on verbal communication, nonverbal communication, and inhibiting factors. This study uses qualitative methods with descriptive studies where the informants involved in this study amounted to five people consisting of four key informants as parents and one informant supporting child psychologists as supporting informants. The results of this study indicate that the process of interpersonal communication carried out between parents and children with autism is not like communicating with normal children and is difficult to communicate so that it can be understood by children with autism. Verbal communication done with autism must be clear, firm, concise and also by using the image method, as well as the words of the commands given for the independence of autistic children. Nonverbal communication is carried out with movements when parents give a prohibition to children by using the movement of the index finger that is raised and then shaken, they will immediately stop doing that and understand that it is prohibited. Inhibiting factors in communicating with children with autism are difficulty in making eye contact, lack of response given, speech difficulties experienced by autistic children, and disturbances in the sensory field.

Marital Intimacy in Parents of Exceptional Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra N. Fisman ◽  
Lucille C. Wolf ◽  
Samuel Noh
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Exceptional Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Handicapped Children ◽  
Perceived Parenting ◽  
Marital Intimacy

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of perceived parenting stress and parental depression on marital intimacy between parents of handicapped children versus developmentally normal children, and to investigate discrepancies between husbands' and wives' reports of marital intimacy. The parents of 31 autistic children, 31 Down Syndrome children and 62 developmentally normal children, matched for both mental and chronological age were studied. Results indicated significantly greater stress and depression, as well as lower marital intimacy for mothers of autistic children than mothers of normal children, and significantly greater stress than mothers of Down Syndrome children who fell somewhere between other groups of parents in all three measures. Fathers of autistic children experienced significantly higher parenting stress than the other groups, as well as lower marital intimacy but there were no differences amongst fathers on measures of depression. Low scores on subscales of identity and compatibility for mothers implying low self esteem contributed significantly to the lowered perception of marital intimacy. Implications for intervention, based on these findings, are discussed.

CSF Monoamines in Autistic Syndromes and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders of Early Childhood

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gillberg ◽  
L Svennerholm
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Monoamine Metabolites ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Childhood Psychoses

Spinal fluid concentrations of the three major monoamine metabolites were examined in 25 infantile autistic children and 12 children with other childhood psychoses, and were contrasted with results obtained in normal children and in groups of children with neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. Autistic children showed absolute and relative increases of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid. The group with other childhood psychoses also showed an increase in HVA level; in this group there were also indications of high levels of serotonin and norepinephrine metabolites. The results are discussed in the context of a pathogenetic model for autism involving hyperfunction of dopaminergic nerve fibres in the brain stem-mesolimbic system.

scholarly journals Parents' Capacity for Autistic Child Personal Hygiene

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Lucia Ani Kristanti ◽  
Cintika Yorinda Sebtalesy
Keyword(s):  
Children With Autism ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Maximum Capacity ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Research Type ◽  
And Training

ABSTRAK Anak autisme memiliki kebutuhan dasar yang sama dengan anak normal lainnya. Namun akibat dari gangguan perkembangan yang dialami menyebabkan mereka tidak atau kurang mampu memenuhi kebutuhannya tersebut secara mandiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kapasitas orang tua terhadap personal hygiene anak autis. Jenis penelitian deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua orang tua yang memiliki anak autis dengan jumlah sampel 30 responden. menggunakan teknik total sampling. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah kapasitas orang tua terhadap personal hygiene anak autis. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diproses editing, coding, scoring dan tabulating. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar orang tua memiliki kapasitas maksimal terhadap personal hygiene (mandi) anak autis yaitu 21 orang (70%). Sebagian besar orang tua memiliki kapasitas maksimal terhadap personal hygiene (keramas) anak autis yaitu 21 orang (70%). Sebagian besar orang tua memiliki kapasitas maksimal terhadap personal hygiene (gosok gigi) anak autis yaitu 22 orang (73,3%). Sebagian besar orang tua memiliki kapasitas maksimal terhadap personal hygiene (cuci tangan) anak autis yaitu 20 orang (63,7%). Sebagian besar orang tua memiliki kapasitas maksimal terhadap personal hygiene (memotong kuku) anak autis yaitu 19 orang (63,3%). Saran dari hasil penelitian yaitu memberikan pendidikan dan pelatihan kepada orang tua yang memiliki anak autis dalam mengelola sumber-sumber daya yang dimiliki, paling tidak uang dan waktu dalam upaya peningkatan kapasitas orang tua terhadap personal hygiene anak autis. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat dikembangkan dengan menyertakan variabel yang belum diangkat dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini. Kata kunci : Kapasitas Orang Tua, Anak Autis, Personal Hygiene ABSTRACT Children with autism have the same basic needs as other normal children. However, the result of developmental disruptions caused them to be unable or less able to meet these needs independently. The purpose of this study is to determine the capacity of parents of autistic children personal hygiene. Descriptive research type. The study population was all parents who have autistic children with a sample of 30 respondents. using total sampling techniques. The variable in this study is the capacity of parents for personal hygiene in children with autism. The research instrument used a questionnaire. The data obtained is then processed editing, coding, scoring and tabulating. The results showed that most parents have the maximum capacity for personal hygiene (bathing) of autistic children, which is 21 people (70%). Most parents have the maximum capacity for personal hygiene (shampooing) for autistic children, which is 21 people (70%). Most of the parents have a maximum capacity for personal hygiene (brush teeth) of autistic children, that is 22 people (73.3%). Most parents have the maximum capacity for personal hygiene (hand washing) of autistic children, which is 20 people (63.7%). Most parents have a maximum capacity for personal hygiene (nail cutting) of autistic children, 19 people (63.3%). Suggestions from the results of the study are to provide education and training to parents who have autistic children in managing their resources, at least money and time in an effort to increase the capacity of parents to autistic children personal hygiene. It is expected that the results of this study can be developed by including variables that have not been raised in the implementation of this study. Keywords: Parental Capacity, Personal Hygiene, Autistic Children

scholarly journals An Investigation of Language Impairment in Persian-Speaking Autistic Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Shahram JamaliNesari ◽  
Elahe Kamari
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Syntactic Properties

Abnormalities of language and other forms of communication are among the significant characteristics of autistic children. The goal of the present research is to investigate and compare linguistic properties of Persian-speaking autistic children with their normal counterparts. To this aim, 10 autistic children with age 3-6 years were compared with 10 typically developing children matched on non-verbal IQ and gender. In a 30 minutes free-play session, the speech of each child was recorded and then was analyzed for the phonetic, phonological and morpho-syntactic properties. The findings of the present research showed that there was a statistically significant difference between autistic and normal children in consonant deletion, consonant substitution, the use of stress on inappropriate syllable, atypical intonation, incorrect use of grammatical tense, incorrect use of preposition, inappropriate use of plural nouns and the use of complex sentences (p<0/05), While their differences were not statistically significant in sound epenthesis, metathesis, subject-verb agreement, having difficulty with making the verbs negative, and using demonstratives (p>0/05). The results of this research showed that autistic children in compare to normal ones have more problems in phonetic, phonological, morphological and syntactic features of speech. Therefore, appropriate treatment programs are required to tackle these problems. 

scholarly journals Designing an Autism Healing Center with Emphasis on Nature Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Hoda Shahmahommadian ◽  
Hanieh Shahmahommadian
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Closed Space ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Children And Nature ◽  
Design With Nature ◽  
Healing Agent ◽  
Exterior Design

BackgroundAutism is a mental disorder which influences children’s learning ability and social skills. The children who suffer from autism are capable of learning, but comparing normal children, different facilities are required.The architectural space highly signifies the matter of teaching autistic children; interior and exterior design interacting nature and environment also plays a very significant role. Thus nature can be used as a healing agent, since the psychological impact of nature is highly effective.PurposeDesigning a healing center for autism considering a compatible design with nature in order to treat autism in children, improving their social skills in communication, decreasing hysteric behavior, and developing cognitive and emotional capacities, is the major aim of designing this project.Methods and ResultsUtilizing the data analysis related to autistic children and nature-based therapy, this article attempts to present the concept of a healing center in order to hold an educational space compatible with nature. This echo-therapy would be highly helpful in treatment of autistic children.SignificanceThere has been lots of information about the influence of echo-therapy on autistic children during recent years, but the practical use has rarely occurred. Children’s physical safety which is more guaranteed in a closed space is one reason; therefore, designing a safe construction interacting with nature, which can be under the control of instructors, seems very difficult. Thus, in this nature-based healing center, besides improving the skills mentioned, the children’s safety has been highly considered.

scholarly journals Pendampingan dan Pengenalan Teknologi Berbasis Internet kepada Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di SLB C Budi Daya, Jakarta Timur

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Fitria Ayuningtyas ◽  
Vinta Sevilla
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Children With Special Needs ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
And Behavior

A normal child who is not lacking in anything physical or psychological is the dream of all parents. A hope regarding this matter is something that is natural for anyone. It's just that, in reality these hopes cannot be realized for some people. One of them is the presence of children with special needs in their lives. Even though every child has their own uniqueness and potential. One of the children with special needs is an autistic child. Autism is a very complex developmental disorder in a long life that includes disruption in aspects of social interaction, communication and behavior as well as emotional disturbances and sensory perceptions even in motoric aspects. Very severe disorders of some disorders experienced by children with autism that is a disorder in the ability to communicate. The ability to communicate nonverbally for children in general can be obtained naturally, without the need to be specifically and continuously taught for a long and long time. But the situation will be very different from autistic children. Autistic children need a design and learning strategy and approach to improve their nonverbal communication skills appropriately. Along with this, the development of Technology, Information and Communication (ICT) is inevitable. Most people think that the introduction and development of ICT knowledge is only for normal children. Through community service, the PKM team wants to share related developments in Technology, Information and Communication to children with special needs by using assistive devices and games specifically for children with special needs, especially children with autism. The implementation was carried out at SLB C Budi Daya, Cijantung, East Jakarta on 14 and 17 September 2018 ago.

scholarly journals Higher Incidence of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) in Autistic Children and Their Potential Role in Exacerbation of Autistic Enterocolitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Joby Pulikkan ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Mullur Govindan Nadar ◽  
Binoop Mohan ◽  
Amitha Chirayath Pallipuram Joy ◽  
Tony Grace
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Acetyl Choline ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Autistic Symptoms ◽  
High Degree

<p>Based on the hypothesis that abnormal pathogens in the bowel can affect the brain and consequently can play a major role in the exacerbation of autistic symptoms, we have been in an attempt to detect and identify <em>intimin</em> gene producing microorganism <em>Escherichia coli </em>from stools of autistic children using culture-independent techniques. The presence of <em>intimin</em> gene was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers. Sequence of the gene amplified after PCR matched to the sequence of <em>intimin</em> gene with 100% accuracy. EHEC strains are found to produce strong cytotoxins, the important virulence attribute of EHEC being the <em>intimin</em> protein encoded by <em>eaeA</em> gene. Hitherto deemphasized and played down its role in autistic children, the <em>intimin</em> gene was found in a significant number in the stools of children with autism compared to normal children. Our results,thus, show a high degree of prevalence of <em>eaeA </em>positive <em>E. Coli</em> in children with autism. A relevant question is if this greater prevalence of EHEC can be causative to the digestion problems observed in autism which may further affect brain and cognitive functions. In order to understand the role of <em>intimin</em> as a prospective candidate leading to cognitive dysfunctions, we had an <em>in silico </em>study on the effects of <em>intimin </em>on selected neurotransmitters which also showed a profound significance with all the docked conformations giving negative binding energy in the order serotonin, dopamine and acetyl choline.</p>

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