Relative Contribution of Viral Lysis and Grazing to Bacterial Mortality in Tropical Coastal Waters of Peninsular Malaysia

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choon Weng Lee ◽  
Chui Wei Bong
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Viral Lysis ◽  
Bacterial Mortality ◽  
Relative Contribution

scholarly journals Bacterial CRISPR abundance jumps up at around 45°C

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Ran Lan ◽  
Zhi-Ling Liu ◽  
Deng-Ke Niu
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Bacterial Genomes ◽  
Viral Lysis ◽  
Abrupt Decrease ◽  
Bacterial Mortality ◽  
Abrupt Transition ◽  
Thermal Distribution ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Temperature Ranges

Although functioning for adaptive immunity, CRISPR-Cas systems are present in only 40% of bacterial genomes. In this study, we observed an abrupt transition of bacterial CRISPR abundance at around 45°C. Phylogenetic comparative analysis showed that the CRISPR abundance correlates with growth temperature only in temperature ranges around 45°C. The existence of a saltation point indicates that temperature unlikely determines the thermal distribution of CRISPR-Cas systems directly. We put forward a novel hypothesis referring to the predator effect on immune function previously observed in birds. At around 45°C, an abrupt decrease of cellular predators rapidly decreases bacterial mortality resulting from cellular predator grazing. Consequently, the relative contribution of viral lysis in bacterial mortality increases rapidly with temperature; mutants allocating more resources to the adaptive immunity would be favored. In temperature ranges where the abundance of cellular predators does not change with temperature, the temperature effect on CRISPR abundance would be negligible.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Trace Metal Levels in Tissues of Two Commercial Fish Species in Kapar and Mersing Coastal Waters, Peninsular Malaysia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathi Alhashmi Bashir ◽  
Mohammad Shuhaimi-Othman ◽  
A. G. Mazlan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
The Relationship

This study is focused on evaluating the trace metal levels in water and tissues of two commercial fish species Arius thalassinus and Pennahia anea that were collected from Kapar and Mersing coastal waters. The concentrations of Fe, Zn, Al, As, Cd and Pb in these coastal waters and muscle, liver and gills tissues of the fishes were quantified. The relationship among the metal concentrations and the height and weight of the two species were also examined. Generally, the iron has the highest concentrations in both water and the fish species. However, Cd in both coastal waters showed high levels exceeding the international standards. The metal level concentration in the sample fishes are in the descending order livers > gills > muscles. A positive association between the trace metal concentrations and weight and length of the sample fishes was investigated. Fortunately the level of these metal concentrations in fish has not exceeded the permitted level of Malaysian and international standards.

scholarly journals Viral lysis and nanoflagellate grazing as factors controlling diel variations of Synechococcus spp. summer abundance in coastal waters of Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
AY Tsai ◽  
GC Gong ◽  
RW Sanders ◽  
KP Chiang ◽  
JK Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Viral Lysis ◽  
Diel Variations

Abundance estimates of three cetacean species in the coastal waters of Matang, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sui Hyang Kuit ◽  
Louisa Shobhini Ponnampalam ◽  
Philip S. Hammond ◽  
Ving Ching Chong ◽  
Amy Yee‐Hui Then
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Abundance Estimates

The contribution of heterotrophic nanoflagellate grazing towards bacterial mortality in tropical waters: comparing estuaries and coastal ecosystems

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chui Wei Bong ◽  
Choon Weng Lee
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
Bacterial Abundance ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Viral Lysis ◽  
Tropical Waters ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Heterotrophic Nanoflagellate ◽  
Straits Of Malacca

Heterotrophic nanoflagellate (HNF) grazing depends on both temperature and trophic status of an ecosystem. As most microbes already function at their temperature optimum in tropical waters, we hypothesised that HNF grazing rates would be higher in more productive sites such as estuaries than in less productive areas such as coastal waters. We sampled two estuaries and three coastal sites along the Straits of Malacca and the South China Sea near the Malaysia Peninsula. Bacterial abundance ranged 0.9–6.3 × 106 cells mL–1, whereas HNF abundance ranged 1.8–10.1 ×103 cells mL–1. Bacterial production ranged 1.1–12.7 × 105 cells mL–1 h–1, whereas HNF grazing rates were an order of magnitude lower at 1.0–78.5 × 104 cells mL–1 h–1. Bacterial abundance, net bacterial production and HNF grazing rates were higher in estuaries than coastal waters but HNF abundance did not differ between the two areas. Across all stations, HNF grazing rates increased with bacterial production, and accounted for ~33% of bacterial production. Our results suggest that in the tropical waters studied, there was a bacterial production–grazing imbalance. Other loss factors such as viral lysis, sedimentation or the presence of benthic filter feeders could account for this imbalance.

scholarly journals Diel Variation of Viral Production in a Coastal Subtropical Marine System

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Pei-Chi Ho ◽  
Gwo-Ching Gong ◽  
Chih-Hao Hsieh ◽  
Patrichka Wei-Yi Chen ◽  
An-Yi Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Diel Variation ◽  
Viral Production ◽  
Viral Lysis ◽  
Bacterial Mortality ◽  
Marine System ◽  
Classical Linear Regression

Viral production (VP) and bacterial mortality by viral lysis critically influence the production and mortality of aquatic bacteria. Although bacterial production, mortality by viral lysis, and viral density have been found to exhibit diel variations, the diel change in viral production has rarely been investigated. In this study, we conducted two diel dilution incubation experiments in a semi-enclosed, nutrient-rich coastal region in northeastern Taiwan to estimate the diel viral production and the mortality by viral lysis. We also compared two methods (linear regression between viral density and time versus arithmetic mean of VP during incubation) of estimating viral production. We found that viral production estimated by linear regression and bacterial mortality by viral lysis were higher during the daytime than during the nighttime. A possible explanation for the high viral production at daytime is that the bacterial community was composed of cell types with higher burst sizes at daytime. We further argued that the classical linear regression method can be used only when viral density significantly linearly increases with time, which does not always occur in dilution incubations. This study offered observations of diel variation in viral dynamics and discussed the methods estimating viral production in a marine environment.

scholarly journals Bacterial mortality caused by viral lysis in Nha Trang bay, South central Vietnam

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doan Nhu Hai ◽  
Nguyen Van Thanh ◽  
Nguyen Chi Thoi ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Lam
Keyword(s):  
Viral Lysis ◽  
Bacterial Mortality ◽  
South Central ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Nha Trang Bay
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