Recycling and reuse of treated wastewater in urban India: a proposed advisory and guidance document

Reuse of treated wastewater in irrigation is gaining recognition as a vital element in the water resources management plan of developing countries, especially those situated in arid and semi-arid regions. An understanding of the transport of residual pollutants from treated wastewater, such as bacteria, in soil as a result of irrigation is critical to assessing health risks and the possible contamination of limited groundwater resources. In this work, retention of E. coli is evaluated for a soil that is irrigated by treated wastewater for growth of non-food crops near Egypt's Red Sea coast. In particular, the effects of soil organic fraction (SOF) and hydraulic loading rate (HLR) were investigated in laboratory soil columns. The matrix of experiments included three HLRs and three SOFs. The retention of bacteria by adsorption was observed at HLRs of 5 and 13 cm/h, with the magnitude of the adsorption increasing proportionally to the SOF. The impact of SOF was greater for the lower HLR. At the lowest HLR investigated (5 cm/h), filtration was also observed for the two higher SOFs (0.674 and 2.04 per cent). At a high HLR (66 cm/h) simulating flood irrigation, retention of bacteria was minimal regardless of the SOF. Since the bacterial solution is applied to a dry soil column to simulate field conditions, E. coli breakthrough after two pore volumes of throughput (vs. one) provided a meaningful comparison of bacterial retention as a function of HLR and SOF.

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Economic implications of agricultural reuse of treated wastewater in Israel: A statewide long-term perspective

Ecological Economics ◽

10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.01.013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 135 ◽

pp. 222-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Ami Reznik ◽

Eli Feinerman ◽

Israel Finkelshtain ◽

Franklin Fisher ◽

Annette Huber-Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treated Wastewater ◽

Economic Implications ◽

Reuse Of Treated Wastewater

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Study of the reuse of treated wastewater on waste container washing vehicles

Waste Management ◽

10.1016/j.wasman.2012.10.004 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 262-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mentore Vaccari ◽

Francesca Gialdini ◽

Carlo Collivignarelli

Keyword(s):

Treated Wastewater ◽

Waste Container ◽

Reuse Of Treated Wastewater

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Key tools to accelerate fulfilment of the EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive in the Flemish region of Belgium

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2001.0003 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 7-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Ockier ◽

C. Thoeye ◽

G. De Gueldre

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Final Phase ◽

Urban Waste ◽

Investment Programme ◽

Reuse Of Treated Wastewater ◽

The Eu

The EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD) has been transposed in 1992. The whole area of the Flemish region was designated as a sensitive area. This implies nutrient removal for all works in agglomerations of more than 10,000 population equivalent (PE). Thanks to an accelerated investment programme, which is in a final phase now, the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) will fulfil treatment in 2005. Key tools for a quick and economic execution of the programme are standardisation for new WWTP's and increasing computerisation for retrofitting existing WWTPs. The UWWTD also stipulates the reuse of treated wastewater and sludge. Strategies are explained.

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Descriptive Methods and Compromise Programming for Promoting Agricultural Reuse of Treated Wastewater

Computational Methods for Agricultural Research ◽

10.4018/978-1-61692-871-1.ch017 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 355-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hella Ben Brahim ◽

Lucien Duckstein

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Contingent Valuation Method ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Compromise Programming ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Practical Case ◽

Valuation Method ◽

Irrigated Perimeter ◽

Reuse Of Treated Wastewater

The present chapter reports on a practical case of decision making in agricultural TWW reuse. The studied site concerns the Cebala TWW irrigated perimeter in Tunisia, located in North Africa. Crucially though in this perimeter is that TWW is under-exploited. Thus, the proposed research dwells on the future of this perimeter which could oscillate between hope and deadlock. In case of hope, shall we improve the quality of the resource and possibly move to the tertiary treatment? And in case of deadlock, shall we give up the TWW reuse or substitute it by a conventional resource? To make an evaluation of this experience, the authors first gave a general overview of the descriptive study in a dashboard. Contingent valuation method was used to assess qualitative data and gauge the intangible effects. Then, the authors presented a systemic multicriteria method deployed to make decision-making process easier. Such a method or technique, which is grounded on Lp metrics, is called Compromise Programming.

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