scholarly journals Posterior sacral nerves (Gray's illustration)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Hacking
Keyword(s):  
Sacral Nerves

Anatomical study of the innervation of different parts of the posterior ligamentous region of the sacroiliac joint

2021 ◽  
pp. rapm-2020-102366
Author(s):  
Weijia Zhu ◽  
Qinghao Zhao ◽  
Runxun Ma ◽  
Zezheng Liu ◽  
Jianjun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sacroiliac Joint ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Orientation Relation ◽  
Terminal Nerve ◽  
Dorsal Rami ◽  
Sacral Nerves ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Clinical Verification ◽  
Different Parts

Background and objectivesThe periarticular sacroiliac joint (SIJ) technique has become an important area of focus, and the quartering of the SIJ posterior ligamentous region has been proposed as a way to refine this technique. However, detailed nerve distribution combined with the division of the SIJ posterior ligamentous region is lacking. We aimed to explore the innervation of the SIJ posteriorly based on the quartering of the SIJ posterior ligamentous region.MethodsSixteen SIJs from eight embalmed cadavers were studied. Each SIJ posterior ligamentous region was equally divided into areas 0–3 from top to bottom. The origin, distribution, quantity, transverse diameter, spatial orientation, relation with bony structures, and the number of identifiable terminal nerve branches in each area were examined.ResultsAreas 0–1 were innervated by the lateral branches of the dorsal rami of L4−L5 directly in all specimens. Areas 2–3 were innervated by that of both lumbar and sacral nerves via the posterior sacral network (PSN), with L5 contributing to the PSN in all specimens and L4 in 68.75%. The number of identifiable terminal nerve branches were significantly higher in areas 2–3 than in areas 0–1.ConclusionsThe inferior part of the SIJ posterior ligamentous region seems to be the main source of SIJ-related pain and is innervated by lumbar and sacral nerves via the PSN. However, the superior part directly innervated by lumbar nerves should not be neglected, and further clinical verification is needed.

The current state of the issue of the peripheral innervation of the movements of the colon

1913 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
A. E. Lehman
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Anterior Surface ◽  
Current State ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Peripheral Innervation ◽  
Sacral Nerves ◽  
Point Of Departure

The large intestine, like all other organs of plant life, receives nerves of two kinds, belonging to the sympathetic and autonomic nervous systems. The first includes item n. hypogastrici with n. n. mesenterici inferiores, to the second n. n. erigentes (Eckhard) or Langley'io pelvici. The sympathetic nerves of the intestine depart from the nerve node g. meseutericum inferius, located on the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta at the point of departure of the lower mesenteric artery; n. erigens usually (in dogs) originates from the 1st, 2nd and 3rd sacral nerves and, before reaching the large intestine, enters the nerve plexus located on the sides of the pelvic floor - plexus hypogastricus, into which it enters and also takes part in its formation a pair of sympathetic nerves - n. n. hypogastrici.

Sacral Nerves

1999 ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
Jay A. Liveson ◽  
Dong M. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Sacral Nerves

PERIODIC MICTURITION IN THE CAT AFTER SECTION OF THE SACRAL NERVES

1936 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orthello R. Langworthy ◽  
Frederick H. Hesser
Keyword(s):  
Sacral Nerves

Successful Intraspinal Extradural Sacral Nerve Stimulation for Bladder Emptying in a Victim of Traumatic Spinal Cord Transection

Neurosurgery ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 955-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Talalla ◽  
Joseph W. Bloom ◽  
Quang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Sacral Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Spinal Cord Transection ◽  
Bilateral Stimulation ◽  
Sacral Nerves ◽  
Stimulating Electrodes ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract This report concerns a patient with a functionally complete spinal cord transection due to trauma at T-6. Her clinical syndrome of a motor and sensory paraplegia was accompanied by hyperreflexic detrusor dysfunction. Radiofrequency-coupled bilateral stimulation of the 3rd sacral nerves in their intraspinal but extradural course achieved reliable, effective emptying of the bladder. This single case suggests that successful stimulation of the sacral neural outflow may not require intrathecal placement of stimulating electrodes, sensory rhizotomy, or pudendal neurotomy. (Neurosurgery 19:955-961, 1986)

scholarly journals IV. The automatic action of the sphincter ani

1878 ◽  
Vol 26 (179-184) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
Sacral Plexus ◽  
Reflex Action ◽  
Sacral Nerves ◽  
The Will ◽  
Automatic Action ◽  
Common Character

The observations described in the following paper had for their object the determination of the form of the reflex or automatic action of the sphincter ani of man when voluntary power over it is lost. This reflex action is believed, from the researches of Masius, to depend on an “ano-spinal centre,” situated in the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord, controlled in health by higher (encephalic) centres. It appears, however, to be very uniform in its character in various conditions, the most conspicuous common character of which is the entire loss of voluntary power. The larger number of observations were made on a man who, by a violent fall on the sacrum, had apparently injured the posterior roots of all the sacral nerves and both roots of the lowest sacral nerves. A de­pression existed over the lower part of the sacrum. Sensibility to touch and pain was lost in all parts supplied by branches from the sacral plexus, the limitation being exact. There was no muscular paralysis or loss of nutrition except in the levator ani, the sphincter ani, and the sphincter vesicse, all of which were paralyzed to the will. The anus and the mucous membrane of the rectum were quite insensitive. There was no evidence of any injury to the spinal cord; with this, indeed, the symptoms were incompatible. It would thus appear that the only lesion was a division of the direct communication between the sphincter and the cord. Other observations were made on two patients with para­plegia, due probably to disease of the dorsal region of the spinal cord, in whom there was reason to believe that the lumbar enlargement of the cord was free from material damage. In each case there was not the slightest voluntary power to retain the contents of the rectum. It was found that in each the condition of the sphincter was essentially the same, and that it was in a state of high reflex activity. The most uniform results were obtained in the case of injury to the sacral nerves. Finally these results were compared with those obtained by the same method when voluntary power was intact.

scholarly journals On the nerves of the gravid uterus

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Muscular Coat ◽  
Mesial Line ◽  
Striking Resemblance ◽  
Sacral Nerves ◽  
The Right

The author, while dissecting a gravid uterus of seven months, on the 8th of April, 1838, observed the trunk of a large nerve proceeding upwards from the cervix to the body of that organ along with the right uterine vein, and sending off branches to the posterior surface of the uterus; some of which accompanied the vein, and others appeared to be inserted into the peritoneum. A broad band, resembling a plexus of nerves, was seen extending across the posterior surface of the uterus, and covering the nerve about midway from the fundus to the cervix. On the left side, a large plexus of nerves was seen, surrounding the uterine veins at the place where they were about to enter the hypogastric vein. From this plexus three large trunks of nerves were seen accompanying the uterine vein, which increased in size as they ascended to the fundus uteri. From the nerve situated on the posterior surface of the vein, numerous filaments passed off towards the mesial line, as on the right side; some following the smaller veins on the posterior surface of the uterus, and others becoming intimately adherent to the peritoneum. The largest of the nerves which accompanied the uterine vein was traced as high as the part where the Fallopian tube enters the uterus; and there it divided into numerous filaments, which plunged deep into the muscular coat of the uterus along with the vein. A large fasciculated band, like a plexus of nerves, was also seen on the left side under the peritoneum, crossing the body of the uterus; and several branches, apparently nervous, proceeding from this band, were distinctly continuous with some of the smaller branches of nerves accompanying the uterine veins. The preparation of the parts was placed in the Museum of St. George’s Hospital, on the 1st of October, 1838; and several anatomists who examined it were of opinion that they were absorbents accompanying the uterine veins, and tendinous fibres spread across the posterior surface. Dr. Lee availed himself of another opportunity which presented itself, on the 18th of December of the same year, of examining a gravid uterus in the sixth month of pregnancy, which had the spermatic, hypogastric and sacral nerves remaining connected with it; and during the last ten months, he has been diligently occupied in tracing the nerves of this uterus. He believes that he has ascertained that the principal trunks of the hypogastric nerves accompany, not the arteries of the uterus, as all anatomists have represented, but the veins; that these nerves become greatly enlarged during pregnancy; and that their branches are actually incorporated, or coalesce with the branches of the four great fasciculated bands on the anterior and posterior surface of the uterus, bearing a striking resemblance to ganglionic plexuses of nerves, and sending numerous branches to the muscular coat of the uterus.

scholarly journals XV. Supplement to a paper “on the nervous ganglia of the uterus.”

1846 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 211-211 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Cellular Membrane ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Spinal Nerves ◽  
More Care ◽  
Sacral Nerves ◽  
Full Period ◽  
Period Of Gestation

In the First Part of the Philosophical Transactions for 1841,I have described and represented in two engravings the nervous ganglia, situated on the sides of the neck of the uterus, in which the great sympathetic and third sacral nerves unite, and from which branches proceed to the vagina, bladder, rectum, and the whole of the lower part of the uterus. In an Appendix to that paper, published in the Second Part of the Philosophical Transactions for 1842, there is contained a further account of the nervous structures situated on the fundus and body of the uterus, and an engraving in which the appearances they present at the full period of gestation have been ac­curately delineated. From the form, colour, vascularity, and general distribution of these structures, and from their branches actually coalescing, and being continuous with those of the great sympathetic and spinal nerves, I inferred that they were true nervous ganglionic plexuses, and formed the nervous system of the uterus enlarged during pregnancy. In a gravid uterus at the full period I have recently, and with still more care, traced the great sympathetic and spinal nerves into the two hypogastric ganglia, and from thence over both sides of the uterus to the fundus. A lens which magnified six diameters was employed in this dissection, which enabled me with unerung certainty to distinguish and to separate the nervous filaments from the fine cellular membrane by which they are so closely surrounded, and from all the other contiguous structures. In this minute dissection, many of the details of the nervous system of the uterus are more perfectly shown than in any previous dissection made by me, and they confiim, in the most complete manner, the accuracy of all that is contained in my previous communications on this subject to the Royal Society. To this preparation I can now appeal, as affording a perfect demonstration of the truth of all my statements respect­ing the ganglia and other nervous structures of the uterus.

Sacral neuromodulation system for treating refractory overactive bladder

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (18) ◽  
pp. S30-S37
Author(s):  
Alice Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Sacral Neuromodulation ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
Repeat Surgery ◽  
Neural Communication ◽  
Therapy Option ◽  
Sacral Nerves ◽  
Two Stages

Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a therapy system used to improve bladder function, including in people with overactive bladder (OAB). It is safe and can improve quality of life. SNM helps improve symptoms through direct modulation of nerve activity; it involves electrically stimulating the sacral nerves that carry signals between the pelvic floor, spinal cord and the brain and is thought to normalise neural communication between the bladder and brain. If patients with OAB do not respond to non-surgical and conservative options, minimally invasive procedures can be offered, including SNM. SNM is performed in two stages: the trial phase, to assess whether it would be effective in the long term; and permanent implantation. This year, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) released guidance on the Axonics SNM System® for treating refractory OAB. The Axonics System is rechargeable and lasts at least 15 years, minimising the need for repeat surgery. NICE suggests the Axonics System may have cost advantages for the NHS. Having more than one SNM therapy option available increases options for patients, offering them a choice of handsets and rechargeable versus non-rechargeable implants. Three case studies illustrate how the system works in practice.

scholarly journals XI. An appendix to a paper on the nervous ganglia of the uterus, with a further account of the nervous structures of that organ

1842 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Human Uterus ◽  
Hypogastric Nerve ◽  
John Hunter ◽  
Sacral Nerves ◽  
The Brain ◽  
William Hunter

From the functions of the human uterus, Galen inferred that it must be supplied with nerves, but there is no evidence to prove that Galen, or any of the celebrated anatomists who flourished before the middle of the eighteenth century, ever traced the great sympathetic and sacral nerves into the uterus, or discovered that its nerves enlarge during pregnancy. This was first done by Dr. W. Hunter, who describes the hypogastric nerve on each side as passing to the gravid uterus, behind the hypogastric vessels, and spreading out in branches like the portio dura of the seventh pair, or like the sticks of a fan, with many communications over the whole side of the uterus and vagina. As Dr. Hunter never examined the nerves of the unimpregnated uterus, and saw the nerves of the gravid uterus dissected only in one subject, he did not certainly know that they increased after conception. “I cannot,” he observes, “take upon me to say what change happens to the system of uterine nerves from utero-gestation, but I suspect them to be enlarged in proportion as the vessels.” Mr. John Hunter denied that the nerves of the uterus ever enlarged during pregnancy. “The uterus in the time of pregnancy,” he says, “increases in substance and size, probably fifty times beyond what it naturally is, and yet we find that the nerves of this part are not in the smallest degree increased. This shows that the brain and nerves have nothing to do with the actions of a part, while the vessels which are evident increase in proportion to the increased size; if the same had taken place with the nerves, we should have reasoned from analogy.” Dr. William Hunter left no preparations of the nerves of the uterus, nor did Mr. J. Hunter, in support of their conflicting statements, and at the beginning of the year 1838 I believe there were no preparations in this country, showing the nerves of the uterus dissected, either in the unimpregnated or gravid state. Sir Astley Cooper then maintained, that it was impossible for the nerves of the uterus, or the nerves of any other organ, to increase under any circumstances.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document