Venae cavae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bell
Keyword(s):  
Venae Cavae

Two Cases of the Double Inferior Venae Cavae

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuichiro YANO ◽  
Daisuke HAYAKAWA ◽  
Shoichi EMURA ◽  
Huayue CHEN ◽  
Yuki OZAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venae Cavae

P3656Fontan operation performed in adult patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Santos Monteiro ◽  
C Cruz Lamas ◽  
M C Terra Cola ◽  
A J Oliveira Monteiro ◽  
M Machado Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Fontan Operation ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Inhospital Mortality ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Venae Cavae ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Treatment of patients with univentricular physiology is based on a sequence of palliative surgeries which end with the Fontan operation, when all venous blood flow is diverted to the lungs, bypassing the heart. Most centers advise to complete this process around 4 years of age, and there are few data about the performance of the Fontan operation in adults. Purpose To describe the results of the Fontan surgery when performed in adult patients. Methods A retrospective review of patients submitted to the Fontan operation between 2014 and 2018, with data collection from charts, regarding their pre-operative state and follow up, including improvement in exercise capacity and hemoglobin levels. Results There were 12 patients submitted to the Fontan operation in the study period, with mean age 24±5 years, 8 female and 4 male. Two patients had no previous surgery, 2 only had bandage of the pulmonary artery, 7 had the Glenn surgery and 1 had the Damus and the Glenn surgery. Five patients had tricuspid atresia (TA) with valvular pulmonary stenosis (PS) or atresia, 1 patient had TA alone, 2 had TA with transposition of the great arteries, 1 patient had double inlet left ventricle (LV) with PS, 2 had double inlet LV with coarctation of the aorta, and 1 patient had hypoplastic right heart. One patient had suspected Noonan Syndrome. The patients who did not have Glenn surgery were submitted to connection of superior and inferior venae cavae with the pulmonary artery in the same procedure (4 patients). Seven patients had the fenestrated Fontan procedure. Six patients had a combined operation. Inhospital mortality was 0%. One patient died 4 months after the surgery due to bilateral subdural hematoma. The immediate post operative complications were tachyarrhythmia (2); important bleeding (2); pericardial effusion (4); pleural effusion (7); provisional pacemaker (1); junctional rhythmn (1); temporary hemodialysis (1); infection of the operative wound (1); fungal endocarditis (1); and mild stroke (1). The mean duration of hospitalization was 41.5±18.7 days. The length of hospital stay after surgery was 31.1±16.2 days. The exercise functional capacity improved in all patients. Before surgery there was 1 patient NYHA II that became NYHA I, 10 were NYHA III and became II or I, and 1 patient who was NYHA IV became II. The average oxygen saturation before surgery was 82% ± 8.2% and after was 91.7% ± 4.7%. The mean hemoglobin went from 17.8 g/dL to 13.9 g/dL. Eight patients performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) before surgery, 1 patient was Weber B, 4 patients Weber C, 1 D and 1 E. Mean VO2 max was 11.7 ml/kg.min (± 3.69), and the mean slope was 71.8±35.0. Four patients performed CPX after surgery, mean VO2 max was 16.5±7.3, and mean slope was 39±16.6. Mean follow up was 20.3±17.7 months. Conclusions The Fontan operation is safe in adult patients and may still confer them significant benefits.

The Contribution Of The Branchial Heart to the Accessory Branchial Pump in the Octopoda

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-237
Author(s):  
P.J. S. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Venae Cavae ◽  
Branchial Heart ◽  
Branchial Vessel

Experimental and anatomical observations upon the Octopoda suggest that the branchial hearts are not the sole contributors to the increase in venous blood pressure between the anterior vena cava and the afferent branchial vessel. The lateral venae cavae are proposed as an additional source of pressure generation, thus contributing to the octopod accessory branchial pump.

Direct diastolic ventricular interaction gain measured with sudden hemodynamic transients

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. H567-H573 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Slinker ◽  
Y. Goto ◽  
M. M. LeWinter
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Right Ventricular Volume ◽  
Ventricular Interaction ◽  
Venae Cavae

Changes in right ventricular volume affect left ventricular function via direct ventricular interaction mediated by the septum, common myocardial fibers in the free wall, and the pericardium, and also via series interaction mediated by changes in right ventricular output reaching the left ventricle through the pulmonary circulation. To study direct interaction, series interaction must be held constant or removed from the experimental preparation. Because there has been no way to directly measure direct ventricular interaction in the intact circulation, we developed a new method to experimentally separate these two components of ventricular interaction by combining abrupt occlusion of both venae cavae and quick withdrawal of 10-15 ml of blood from the right ventricle. This procedure decreased right ventricular end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP) on the next beat without changing pulmonary venous flow, left ventricular end-diastolic segment lengths, or left ventricular systolic function. The direct interaction gains, quantified as delta LVEDP/delta RVEDP, where LVEDP is left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and delta refers to the change between the beats before and after reducing right ventricular volume, were (means +/- SD) 0.32 +/- 0.32 at steady-state LVEDP = 5 mmHg, 0.38 +/- 0.23 at LVEDP = 10 mmHg, and 0.28 +/- 0.32 at LVEDP = 15 mmHg. These gains were not significantly different (P greater than 0.50). Therefore, we calculated an overall average gain by pooling data from the three base-line LVEDP conditions. This value is 0.33 with 95% confidence interval 0.16-0.51. This 95% confidence interval indicates our data are consistent with many previous reports of diastolic direct interaction.

Changes in the dimensions of the venae cavae

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Irisawa ◽  
Alexander P. Greer ◽  
Robert F. Rushmer
Keyword(s):  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Venous Flow ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Cyclic Patterns ◽  
Venae Cavae ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Clockwise Hysteresis

In 11 dogs a variable resistance gauge, a bonded strain gauge, or mutual inductance coils were installed on the venae cavae under aseptic surgical conditions so that dimensional changes in unexposed veins could be measured directly. The cyclic patterns of dimensional change resembled inverted images of venous flow records obtained by others. Since some changes in the venous dimensions apparently were not related to pressure, active contraction of the walls may have been responsible. Studies involving infusion and hemorrhage confirmed the existence of two phases in the pressure-diameter relationship correlated with the level of venous pressure. The pattern of diameter and venous pressure changes during transfusion and withdrawal of blood tended to be a clockwise hysteresis loop.

Effects of loading conditions and inotropic state on rapid filling phase of left ventricle

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (4) ◽  
pp. H523-H533 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Bahler ◽  
P. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Atrial Pacing ◽  
Ventricular Pacing ◽  
Descending Aorta ◽  
Right Ventricular Pacing ◽  
Inotropic State ◽  
Venae Cavae ◽  
Activation Sequence

Afterload, activation sequence, inotropism, and extent of shortening affect the time constant (T) of left ventricular (LV) isovolumic pressure decay, yet it is unknown if they modify peak lengthening velocity of the LV minor axis [(dD/dt)/D]. Accordingly, we studied their effects on (dD/dt)/D, measured by sonomicrometry, in nine anesthetized open-chest dogs during atrial pacing at 2 Hz. Afterload was increased 20-40 mmHg by 1) constricting the ascending aorta and 2) occluding the descending aorta for four beats. Activation was altered by right ventricular pacing. These interventions, plus constriction of venae cavae, were studied during four inotropic states. Aortic stenosis increased (dD/dt)/D (P less than 0.05), whereas occlusion of the descending aorta, vena caval constriction, and right ventricular pacing decreased (dD/dt)/D (P less than 0.05). Left atrial pressure was constant except during vena caval constriction. Alterations in inotropic state modified (dD/dt)/D (P less than 0.001). Extent of shortening and (dD/dt)/D were directly related (r = 0.80, P less than 0.001). Changes in (dD/dt)/D and T were inversely related (r = 0.70, P less than 0.001), and alterations in the interval from -dP/dtpeak to the end of rapid filling were directly related to changes in T (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001). We conclude that (dD/dt)/D can be modified by systolic and diastolic load perturbations, activation sequence, and inotropic interventions. These effects relate to changes in extent of shortening, time course of inactivation, or both.

Effect of vasopressin on systemic capacity

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (5) ◽  
pp. H1494-H1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Welt ◽  
D. L. Rutlen
Keyword(s):  
Intact Animal ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Portal Venous Pressure ◽  
Portal Flow ◽  
Compensatory Response ◽  
Venae Cavae ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Arterial Inflow ◽  
Ventricular Filling

To assess the effect of vasopressin (VP) on systemic capacity (SC), blood was drained from the venae cavae to an oxygenator and returned to the aorta at a constant rate so that changes in SC could be measured as the inverse of changes in oxygenator volume in 17 anesthetized pigs. After 10 min of VP administration (1.1 U/min ia), mean arterial pressure increased from 67 +/- 2 to 144 +/- 7 mmHg (P less than 0.001). SC decreased promptly and reached a nadir of 110 +/- 32 ml (P less than 0.02, 5.5 ml/kg) below control at 5 min but returned to 35 +/- 65 ml (P = not significant, 1.8 ml/kg) below control at 10 min. Portal venous pressure decreased from 19.3 +/- 2.6 to 16.6 +/- 2.7 mmHg (P less than 0.001), and portal flow decreased from 828 +/- 68 to 458 +/- 92 ml/min (P less than 0.001). Transhepatic venous resistance increased. After evisceration, VP caused only an increase in SC. Thus VP causes an initial SC decrement due entirely to a decrease in splanchnic capacity. The decrease in splanchnic capacity must be caused, at least in part, by the decrease in gastrointestinal arterial inflow and subsequent decrease in portal venous pressure. These initial effects of VP on SC would be expected to enhance ventricular filling and cardiac output in the intact animal and could be important in the acute compensatory response to hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Objectifying the Risk of Vascular Complications in Gluteal Augmentation With Fat Grafting: A Latex Casted Cadaveric Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ordenana ◽  
Edoardo Dallapozza ◽  
Sayf Said ◽  
James E Zins
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Aesthetic Surgery ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Gluteal Region ◽  
Superior Gluteal Artery ◽  
Fat Transfer ◽  
Gluteal Augmentation ◽  
Venae Cavae ◽  
Subcutaneous Plane

Abstract Background Fat transfer is the most popular means of gluteal augmentation. However, this procedure may be complicated by pulmonary fat embolisms (PFEs). Of 135 PFEs out of 198,857 cases reported by the Aesthetic Surgery Education and Research Foundation task force, 32 were fatal, contributing to the mortality risk of this procedure being as high as 1:2351. Objectives The aim of this study was to generate an anatomic map of the 3-dimensional location and variability in size of the gluteal region vessels. Methods Twenty cadaveric gluteal regions were dissected. The aorta, venae cavae, popliteal, and saphenous veins were cannulated and injected with colored latex. Dissection was performed subcutaneously, in the gluteus maximus (GM), and submuscularly to evaluate the number and vascular distribution of all the vessels. Vessels were mapped on an XYZ axis. Results The subcutaneous plane, containing 25 vessels on average, had the smallest vessel diameters (artery, 0.9 [0.3] mm; vein, 1.05 [0.22] mm). The GM vein diameter was 1.3 [0.3] mm. Branches of the inferior gluteal vessels had arterial and venous calibers of 2.2 [0.04] mm and 3.5 [0.99] mm, respectively. Superior gluteal artery and vein branches were 1.8 [0.2] mm and 3.85 [1.9] mm in diameter, respectively. Superior and inferior gluteal vein diameters were 7.61 [2.24] mm and 13.65 [6.55] mm, respectively. Conclusions The deeper and more medial planes of the gluteal region house larger, more prominent vessels. This research objectifies and is consistent with recommendations made by various recent task force reports to limit fat transfer to the subcutaneous plane.

Anomalies of venae cavae superiores in an orang

1938 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph E. Chase ◽  
Charles F. de Garis
Keyword(s):  
Venae Cavae
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