scholarly journals Unilateral renal enlargement (differential)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Fortin ◽  
Avni Skandhan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Enlargement

Case 7.17

2014 ◽  
pp. 339-340
Author(s):  
Christine U. Lee ◽  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Renal Parenchyma ◽  
Fatty Replacement ◽  
Renal Enlargement

42-year-old woman with a long-standing multisystemic disorder Coronal SSFSE images (Figure 7.17.1) show massive bilateral renal enlargement and replacement of renal parenchyma. Axial IP-OP 2D SPGR images (Figure 7.17.2) demonstrate fatty replacement of much of the renal parenchyma. Coronal postgadolinium 3D SPGR images (...

scholarly journals Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease: case report of a newborn with rare PKHD1 mutation, rapid renal enlargement and early fatal outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregorio Serra ◽  
Giovanni Corsello ◽  
Vincenzo Antona ◽  
Maria Michela D’Alessandro ◽  
Nicola Cassata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Pulmonary Insufficiency ◽  
Homozygous Mutation ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Disease Case ◽  
Renal Enlargement

Abstract Introduction Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD; MIM#263200) is one of the most frequent pediatric renal cystic diseases, with an incidence of 1:20,000. It is caused by mutations of the PKHD1 gene, on chromosome 6p12. The clinical spectrum is highly variable, ranging from late-onset milder forms to severe perinatal manifestations. The management of newborns with severe pulmonary insufficiency is challenging, and causes of early death are sepsis or respiratory failure. In cases of massive renal enlargement, early bilateral nephrectomy and peritoneal dialysis may reduce infant mortality. However, there is no conclusive data on the role of surgery, and decision-making is driven by patient’s clinical condition and expertise of the center. Patient presentation We hereby describe a preterm female newborn with perinatal, rapid and bilateral, abnormal growth of both kidneys, respiratory failure and initial signs of liver disease. She was subsequently confirmed to be affected by a rare and severe homozygous mutation of the PKHD1 gene, inherited from both her consanguineous parents. Our patient died 78 days after birth, due to a fungal sepsis which worsened her respiratory insufficiency. Conclusions This patient report shows some of the clinical and ethical issues of neonatal ARPKD, and the need of multidisciplinary approach and good communication with the family. Target next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques may guide and support clinicians, as well as guarantee to these patients the most appropriate clinical management, avoiding unnecessary and/or disproportionate treatments.

Urolithiasis, Kidney Transplantation, and Pregnancy and Kidney Disease

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen B. Erickson ◽  
Hatem Amer ◽  
Timothy S. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Stones ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Renal Enlargement ◽  
Ureteral Peristalsis ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

It was previously assumed that all kidney stones crystallized as urine passed through the renal tubules and were retained by means of crystal-tubular cell interactions. Recently uroscopy with papillary biopsies has shown 2 different pathways for stone formation, both mediated by calcium phosphate crystals. Kidney transplant has become the preferred treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. Those benefiting from transplant included patients who would be deemed "high risk," such as those with diabetes mellitus and those older than 70 years. Anatomical changes associated with pregnancy are renal enlargement and dilatation of the calyces, renal pelvis, and ureters. Physiologic changes include a 30% to 50% increase in glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow; a mean decrease of 0.5 mg/dL in the creatinine level and a mean decrease of 18 mg/dL in the serum urea nitrogen level; intermittent glycosuria independent of plasma glucose; proteinuria; aminoaciduria; increased uric acid excretion; increased total body water, with osmostat resetting; 50% increase in plasma volume and cardiac output; and increased ureteral peristalsis.

Renal enlargement associated with infectious mononucleosis

1975 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Ablow ◽  
Lawrence Drew ◽  
Yolanda Seys
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Renal Enlargement

scholarly journals Computed Tomography Findings in Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arumugam Rajesh ◽  
George Jakanani ◽  
Nick Mayer ◽  
Kevin Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Renal Pelvis ◽  
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis ◽  
Ureteric Calculus ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Renal Enlargement ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
Focal Fat ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Background: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGN) is an uncommon condition characterized by chronic suppurative renal inflammation that leads to progressive parenchymal destruction. Purpose: To review the computed tomography (CT) findings of patients diagnosed with XGN. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of CT findings in patients with histologically proven XGN was carried out. Results: Thirteen CT examinations of 11 patients were analyzed. Renal enlargement was demonstrable on the affected side in all patients. Nine patients (82%) had multiple dilated calyces and abnormal parenchyma. Six patients (55%) had a renal pelvis or upper ureteric calculus causing obstruction. Three patients (27%) had focal fat deposits identifiable within the inflamed renal parenchyma. Two patients had renal abscesses. Ten patients (91%) had extrarenal extension of the inflammatory changes. Three patients (27%) demonstrated extensive retroperitoneal inflammation. Conclusion: Unilateral renal enlargement and inflammation were the most consistent findings of XGN on CT. Perinephric inflammation and collections or abscess should also alert the radiologist to the possibility of this diagnosis.

Vitamin E and probucol reduce urinary lipophilic aldehydes and renal enlargement in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Lipids ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1225-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song-Suk Kim ◽  
D. D. Gallaher ◽  
A. Saari Csallany
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Renal Enlargement
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