scholarly journals ‘The Swarm Principle’: A Sub-National Spatial Analysis of Aid Targeting and Donor Coordination in Sub-Saharan Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiah F. Marineau ◽  
Michael G. Findley
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Donor Coordination

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Spatial Analysis Approaches Using Health Survey Data in Sub-Saharan Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Manda ◽  
Ndamonaonghenda Haushona ◽  
Robert Bergquist
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

Spatial analysis has become an increasingly used analytic approach to describe and analyze spatial characteristics of disease burden, but the depth and coverage of its usage for health surveys data in Sub-Saharan Africa are not well known. The objective of this scoping review was to conduct an evaluation of studies using spatial statistics approaches for national health survey data in the SSA region. An organized literature search for studies related to spatial statistics and national health surveys was conducted through PMC, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, NLM Catalog, and Science Direct electronic databases. Of the 4,193 unique articles identified, 153 were included in the final review. Spatial smoothing and prediction methods were predominant (n = 108), followed by spatial description aggregation (n = 25), and spatial autocorrelation and clustering (n = 19). Bayesian statistics methods and lattice data modelling were predominant (n = 108). Most studies focused on malaria and fever (n = 47) followed by health services coverage (n = 38). Only fifteen studies employed nonstandard spatial analyses (e.g., spatial model assessment, joint spatial modelling, accounting for survey design). We recommend that for future spatial analysis using health survey data in the SSA region, there must be an improve recognition and awareness of the potential dangers of a naïve application of spatial statistical methods. We also recommend a wide range of applications using big health data and the future of data science for health systems to monitor and evaluate impacts that are not well understood at local levels.

scholarly journals Sources of variation in under-5 mortality across sub-Saharan Africa: a spatial analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. e936-e945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall Burke ◽  
Sam Heft-Neal ◽  
Eran Bendavid
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Sub Saharan

The Role of Multilateral Organizations: the African Experience

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Experience ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Food Deficit ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Donor Coordination ◽  
Food Imports ◽  
Sufficient Food

Sub-Saharan Africa has not shared in the remarkable growth in agricultural production in many developing countries. The region's current dependence on food imports is likely to increase. The record of development assistance to help Africa increase its food production has not been encouraging. What is needed for Africa is not more aid per se but more aid directed specifically towards overcoming micro-level impediments to increased agricultural productivity specific to each country. In a more focused programme of project lending for agriculture, international organizations have a key role. Better donor coordination, increased focus on poor farmers, more relevant and practical agricultural research and stronger agricultural extension services can be better realized through multilateral channels. Since it will take many years before Africa can achieve greater food self-sufficiency and its capacity to pay for sufficient food imports will remain inadequate, food aid will continue to be required. It is suggested that a new international regime for assuring essential food imports for poor food-deficit countries is required.

scholarly journals Access to emergency hospital care provided by the public sector in sub-Saharan Africa in 2015: a geocoded inventory and spatial analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e342-e350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul O Ouma ◽  
Joseph Maina ◽  
Pamela N Thuranira ◽  
Peter M Macharia ◽  
Victor A Alegana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The Public ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan

RTS,S/AS01, a vaccine targeting pre-erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-537
Author(s):  
Lorenz von Seidlein ◽  
Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn ◽  
Podjanee Jittmala ◽  
Sasithon Pukrittayakamee
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Pivotal Phase ◽  
Malaria Epidemiology ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Sub Saharan

RTS,S/AS01 is the most advanced vaccine to prevent malaria. It is safe and moderately effective. A large pivotal phase III trial in over 15 000 young children in sub-Saharan Africa completed in 2014 showed that the vaccine could protect around one-third of children (aged 5–17 months) and one-fourth of infants (aged 6–12 weeks) from uncomplicated falciparum malaria. The European Medicines Agency approved licensing and programmatic roll-out of the RTSS vaccine in malaria endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa. WHO is planning further studies in a large Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme, in more than 400 000 young African children. With the changing malaria epidemiology in Africa resulting in older children at risk, alternative modes of employment are under evaluation, for example the use of RTS,S/AS01 in older children as part of seasonal malaria prophylaxis. Another strategy is combining mass drug administrations with mass vaccine campaigns for all age groups in regional malaria elimination campaigns. A phase II trial is ongoing to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the RTSS in combination with antimalarial drugs in Thailand. Such novel approaches aim to extract the maximum benefit from the well-documented, short-lasting protective efficacy of RTS,S/AS01.

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