scholarly journals An intersectoral intervention to detect and treat selected somatic chronic diseases in patients with severe mental disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Anne Marie Lyngsø ◽  
Dorte Høst ◽  
Michaela Schiøtz ◽  
Julie Grew
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Severe Mental Disease

Understanding Schizophrenia: Genetic Causes and Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Fatima Javeria ◽  
Shazma Altaf ◽  
Alishah Zair ◽  
Rana Khalid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Copy Number Variants ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Severe Mental Disease

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disease. The word schizophrenia literally means split mind. There are three major categories of symptoms which include positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. The disease is characterized by symptoms of hallucination, delusions, disorganized thinking and speech. Schizophrenia is related to many other mental and psychological problems like suicide, depression, hallucinations. Including these, it is also a problem for the patient’s family and the caregiver. There is no clear reason for the disease, but with the advances in molecular genetics; certain epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. Epigenetic mechanisms that are mainly involved are the DNA methylation, copy number variants. With the advent of GWAS, a wide range of SNPs is found linked with the etiology of schizophrenia. These SNPs serve as ‘hubs’; because these all are integrating with each other in causing of schizophrenia risk. Until recently, there is no treatment available to cure the disease; but anti-psychotics can reduce the disease risk by minimizing its symptoms. Dopamine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid, are the neurotransmitters which serve as drug targets in the treatment of schizophrenia. Due to the involvement of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, drugs available are already targeting certain genes involved in the etiology of the disease.

Experience about therapeutic adherence and clinical remission in patients with severe mental disease in a community mental health center

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. S155
Author(s):  
J.L. Hernandez Fleta ◽  
M.E. Terres Ruiz ◽  
T. Sanchez-Araña Moreno ◽  
A. Salesansky Davidovsky ◽  
A. Dominguez Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Community Mental Health Center ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Therapeutic Adherence ◽  
Severe Mental Disease

scholarly journals Trends in selected socio-economic determinants of depression in Italy, 2013 through 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Acuti Martellucci ◽  
V Montagna ◽  
G Acquaviva ◽  
A Masiero ◽  
L Biardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
High School ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
Predictors Of Depression

Abstract Background In Italy, in 2015 suicide rate was 6.5/100,000 inhabitants, while in 2017 depressive disorders were estimated to represent 2.3% of total DALYs. The indicator for monitoring mental health is the suicide rate, but surveys such as the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) of 2015 have identified several predictors of depression. We aim to assess trends in factors associated to depression in Italy, from 2013 to 2017. Methods Data from the Aspects of Daily Living survey (AVQ) carried out by the Italian Statistics Institute, from years 2013 to 2017, were used in this analysis. Investigated factors were those identified as predictors of depression in Italy according to the EHIS 2015: (1) education until middle high school and (2) high school, (3) poor social support (single-person households without friends, neighbours, or relatives to count on), (4) unemployment, (5) chronic disease, (6) moderate limitations of daily activity due to poor health, and (7) severe limitations. We calculated the prevalence of these factors, and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), by sex and year. Results The prevalence of poor social support rose, differing significantly in men between 1.5% (95% CI 1.3% - 1.8%) in 2013 and 2.1% (95% CI 1.9% - 2.3%) in 2017. Unemployment decreased in men, from 12.7% (95% CI 12.0% - 13.4%) to 10.4% (95% CI 10.0% - 10.8%), whereas chronic diseases and moderate limitations grew significantly in both sexes, at respectively 24.6% (95% CI 24.0% - 25.2%) and 16.1% (95% CI 15.6% - 16.6%) for men, and 29.0% (95% CI 28.4% - 29.6%) and 19.4% (95% CI 18.9% - 19.9%) for women in 2017. Conclusions The growing proportions, in Italy, of people with poor social support, chronic diseases, and moderate limitations of daily activities, suggest that health care programming at the national level should prepare for a rising burden of mental disease in these groups, and take into account measures to promote well-being. Key messages Among factors associated with depression, poor social support, chronic diseases, and moderate physical limitations due to disease showed a growing trend in Italy from 2013 to 2017. The Italian yearly AVQ survey investigates predictors of mental disease, particularly depression, and could provide early data for effective health care programming and mental health promotion.

scholarly journals NEURON AND GLIAL CELL NUMBERS IN THE MEDIODORSAL THALAMIC NUCLEUS IN BRAINS OF SCHIZOPHRENIC SUBJECTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rune Damgaard Nielsen ◽  
Maja Abitz ◽  
Bente Pakkenberg
Keyword(s):  
Thalamic Nucleus ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus ◽  
And Control ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Severe Mental Disease

Several stereological studies of schizophrenic subjects have shown reduction in both the total number of neurons and in the total volume of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD). This is in contrast to other studies in that no differences have been found. Using systematic random sampling and an optical fractionator design, the total number of neuron and glial cells in the MD subdivisions: parvocellular (MDPC), magnocellular (MDMC), and densocellular (MDDC) were counted in brains from 9 schizophrenic and 8 control subjects. The control subjects were age, height and body-weight matched to the schizophrenic subjects. We found the neuronal numbers in the schizophrenic subjects to range more than a factor of two, from 3.68 to 9.22 x 106. This is in contrast to the control subjects, who ranged from 5.24 to 7.10 x 106 in neuronal cell numbers. Within our inhomogeneous sample, some schizophrenic subjects thus exhibited relative high total neuron numbers in MD, while others exhibited relative low neuron numbers. The result is in line with the heterogeneity of this severe mental disease and may help to explain why different research groups get different results. The major limitation in this study is the small number of brains of schizophrenic subjects with a high degree of inhomogeneity in length of disease and age of onset. The debates of the comparison of the neurons in the MD in brains of schizophrenic subjects and control subjects and the possible impact of this variance on the disease are still not complete.

scholarly journals Life-space assessment and associated clinical factors: SABE Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elly Morros-González ◽  
Isabel Márquez ◽  
José Pablo Prada ◽  
Daniela Patino-Hernandez ◽  
Diego Chavarro-Carvaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Limited Life ◽  
Logistic Regressions

OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to assess whether an association exists between chronic diseases or multimorbidity and limited life space in older adults. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of the SABE (Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento) Colombia Study. We assessed chronic diseases through self-report, and a limited life space was defined as any score ≤ 60 in the Life-Space Assessment scale. Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more coexisting diseases. We performed bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regressions aiming to obtain odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: The prevalence of limited life space was 2.95% with a mean score of 76.27 ± 19.34. Statistically significant associations were found between limited life space and mental disease (OR 1.45; 95%CI 1.15 – 1.82) and between limited life space and multimorbidity (OR 1.32; 95%CI 1.06 – 1.63). CONCLUSIONS: Mental disease and multimorbidity are associated with limited life space in older adults. Therefore, preventing, diagnosing, and treating mental illness should be sought in addition to the existing preventive and therapeutic approaches available for noncommunicable diseases.

scholarly journals Ulk4, a Newly Discovered Susceptibility Gene for Schizophrenia, Regulates Corticogenesis in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Hu ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Cui-Ping Yang ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
Ning-Ning Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Susceptibility Gene ◽  
Neural Progenitors ◽  
Cortical Layers ◽  
Severe Mental Disease

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic and severe mental disease that affects around 1% of the population. The precise etiology of SCZ still remains largely unknown, and no conclusive mechanisms are firmly established. Recent advances in epidemiological and clinical investigation support an overwhelmingly strong neurodevelopmental origin for SCZ. Here, we demonstrated that Unc-51-like kinase 4 (Ulk4), a novel risk factor for major mental disorders including schizophrenia, is involved in the corticogenesis. Deletion of Ulk4 in mice led to significantly thinner layers of II–III, and V in the cerebral cortex, which was confirmed in conditional Ulk4 deletion mice achieved by Cre-loxp strategy. This abnormality might be caused by decreased intermediate neural progenitors and increased apoptosis. Thus, our data suggest that Ulk4 manipulates the behaviors of neural progenitors during brain development and, when functionally defective, leads to the reduction of specific cortical layers. This anomaly may increase predisposition to a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, including SCZ.

THU0387 Risk of Fractures and Bone Loss in Severe Mental Disease Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A296.1-A296
Author(s):  
J. Medina ◽  
J. Del Pino ◽  
E. Gonzalez ◽  
M. P. Del Valle ◽  
M. L. Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Severe Mental Disease

scholarly journals Mental Challenges Facing in India Following the Pandemic-Covid 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswathy K A ◽  
Malini S ◽  
Dr Pasupathi
Keyword(s):  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Imminent Danger ◽  
The Media ◽  
Severe Mental Disease

Currently all folks experiencing emotions, thought and situations we've never experienced before. The cholera pandemics followed by the flu pandemic were highlights of the 19th centuary. As Covid 19 initially creps in and subsequently spreads at a galloping pace, it's been ravaging from country after country. The pandemic has significant and variable psychological impact in each country counting on the stage of pandemic foremost response to the pandemic has been fear and sense of clear and imminent danger. Fears have ranged from those supported facts unfounded fears supported information or misinformation circulating within the media. The fears of contracting the illness also are frequent and ranges from misinterpreting every fear or cough as a Covid infection, wanting a test finished reassurance albeit there are strict guidelines for testing. Psychological state issues following Covid19 pandemic include emotional difficulties like depression, anxiety, biological effects like sleep, appetite disturbance also as severe mental disease and substance misuse.

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