Cardiac Toxicity From Phenylpropanolamine Overdose in a Dog

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Crandell ◽  
Wendy A. Ware
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Cardiac Toxicity ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Dilatation ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

A 5-year-old, 29-kg, female Labrador retriever developed tachypnea, tachycardia, and ataxia following ingestion of approximately 48 mg/kg of phenylpropanolamine. Initial diagnostic tests showed multiform ventricular tachycardia, left ventricular dilatation with a focal dyskinetic region in the dorsal interventricular septum, and elevations in creatinine kinase and cardiac troponin I. All abnormalities resolved within 6 months. The transient electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and biochemical abnormalities were consistent with myocardial necrosis from infarction or direct catecholamine-induced myocardial toxicity.

Volatile anaesthetics added to cardiopulmonary bypass are associated with reduced cardiac troponin

Perfusion ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bignami ◽  
Marcello Guarnieri ◽  
Marina Pieri ◽  
Francesco De Simone ◽  
Alcira Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Cardiac Surgical Procedures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetics ◽  
Volatile Agents

Background: Every year, over 1 million cardiac surgical procedures are performed all over the world. Reducing myocardial necrosis could have strong implications in postoperative clinical outcomes. Volatile anaesthetics have cardiac protective properties in the perioperative period of cardiac surgery. However, little data exists on the administration of volatile agents during cardiopulmonary bypass. The aim of this study was to assess if volatile anaesthetics administration during cardiopulmonary bypass reduces cardiac troponin release after cardiac surgery. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analysed data from 942 patients who underwent cardiac surgery in a teaching hospital. The only difference between the groups was the management of anaesthesia during CPB. The volatile group received sevoflurane or desflurane while the control group received a combination of propofol infusion and fentanyl boluses. Patients who received volatile anaesthetics during cardiopulmonary bypass (n=314) were propensity-matched 1:2 with patients who did not receive volatile anaesthetics during CPB (n=628). Results: We found a reduction in peak postoperative troponin I, from 7.8 ng/ml (4.8-13.1) in the non-volatile group to 6.8 ng/ml (3.7-11.8) in the volatile group (p=0.013), with no differences in mortality [2 (0.6%) in the volatile group and 2 (0.3%) in the non-volatile group (p=0.6)]. Conclusions: Adding volatile anaesthetics during cardiopulmonary bypass was associated with reduced peak postoperative troponin levels. Larger studies are required to confirm our data and to assess the effect of volatile agents on survival.

Different Substrates of Non-Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia in Post-infarction Patients With and Without Left Ventricular Dilatation

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Di Bella ◽  
Claudio Passino ◽  
Giovanni Donato Aquaro ◽  
Daniele Rovai ◽  
Elisabetta Strata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Ventricular Dilatation ◽  
Left Ventricular Dilatation

Abstract 177: Overexpression of Cardiac Troponin I-Interacting Kinase, a Cardiac-Specific MAPKKK, Promotes Cardiac Dysfunction

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Tang ◽  
Kunhong Xiao ◽  
Lan Mao ◽  
Howard A Rockman ◽  
Douglas A Marchuk
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Troponin I ◽  
Cardiac Response ◽  
Kinase Assay ◽  
Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Cardiac Troponin I-interacting kinase (TNNI3K) is a cardiac specific kinase whose biological function remains largely unknown. We have recently shown that TNNI3K expression greatly accelerates cardiac dysfunction in mouse models of cardiomyopathy, indicating an important role in modulating disease progression. To further investigate TNNI3K kinase activity in vivo, we have generated transgenic mice expressing both wild-type and kinase-dead versions of the human TNNI3K protein. Importantly, we show that the increased TNNI3K kinase activity induces mouse cardiac hypertrophy, and the kinase activity is required to accelerate disease progression in a left-ventricular pressure overload model of mouse cardiomyopathy. We demonstrate the clinical relevance of these observations by identifying two potential missense mutations near the kinase activation loop of TNNI3K in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) human patients. Using an in vitro kinase assay and proteomics analysis, we show that TNNI3K is a dual-function kinase with Tyr and Ser/Thr kinase activity. Using antisera to TNNI3K, we show that TNNI3K protein is located at the sarcomere Z disc. These combined data suggest that TNNI3K mediates cell signaling to modulate cardiac response to stress. The essential role of the kinase activity makes TNNI3K a strong potential pharmaceutical target of kinase inhibitors for heart disease.

Abstract P234: Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy And Increased Levels Of Cardiac Troponin I After Delivery

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Kato ◽  
Eri Muta ◽  
Moriaki Inoko
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders

Background: Cardiovascular functions and hemodynamics dramatically change during pregnancy such as cardiac output, expanded blood volume, reduced systematic vascular resistance, and heart chamber enlargement. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) may affect the cardiac load during pregnancy; however, the data about plasma concentration of cardiac troponin in pregnant women with HDP is very limited. Methods: We prospectively collected data of 751 pregnant women between 2012 and 2013 in Japanese general hospital. We analyzed laboratory data and echocardiographic findings after delivery. The elevated cTnI was defined as >0.015 ng/mL because the normal population have serum cTnI of less than 0.015 ng/mL in this assay. Results: The HDP were observed in 32 patients; the elevated cTnI was observed 40 patients. The age of patients with HDP (33.7 ±4.3 years) was not different from that of those without HDP (33.3 ± 5.0 years). The brain natriuretic peptides levels were not different between those with and without HDP. The proportion of elevated cTnI was higher in those with HDP (21.8%) than those without (3.6%, P<0.0001). After adjusting for confounders, the risk of elevated cTnI in those with HDP relative to those without HDP remained significant (odds ratio 4.52, 95% confidence interval 1.45-14.5). There were no women with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Conclusions: HDP was associated with elevated cTni, suggesting myocardial microinjury might occur more frequently in those with HDP.

Assessment of left ventricular function using serum cardiac troponin I measurements following myocardial infarction

1998 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred S. Apple ◽  
Scott W. Sharkey ◽  
Alireza Falahati ◽  
Maryann Murakami ◽  
Naheed Mitha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Troponin I ◽  
Serum Cardiac Troponin

scholarly journals Left ventricular geometric patterns and cardiac function in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Manes ◽  
Manlio Gagliardi ◽  
Gianfranco Misuraca ◽  
Stefania Rossi ◽  
Mario Chiatto
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to estimate the impact and prevalence of left ventricular geometric alterations and systolic and diastolic dysfunction in hemodialysis patients, as well as the relationship with cardiac troponin as a marker of myocardial damage. Methods: 31 patients (pts), 19 males and 12 females, age 58.1±16.4 (26 on hemodialysis, 5 on peritoneal dialysis) and 31 healthy normal controls were enrolled. Echocardiography measurements were carried out according to the American Society of Echocardiography recommendations. Left ventricular mass was calculated, according to the Devereux formula and indexed to height and weight 2.7. Doppler echocardiography was performed to study diastolic function by measurements of isovolumetric relaxation period (IVRT), E wave deceleretion time (DTE) and E/A ratio. Cardiac troponin was measured by a third generation electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test for between-group comparisons and the Pearson and Spearman’s tests to investigate correlations; p values of &lt;0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Eccentric hypertrophy was the most frequent pattern (n=17; 55%), followed by normal cardiac geometry (n=7; 23%), and concentric hypertrophy (n=5; 16%). Only 6% of pts (n=2) showed concentric remodelling. Systolic dysfunction was present in terms of endocardial parameters in 3 pts (9%) (fractional shartening &lt;25%, EF&lt;50%), but in terms of midwall myocardial shortening in 51% (n=16). Diastolic dysfunction was present in 87% (n=27) with a pattern of impaired relaxation (in 5 without left ventricular hypertrophy). E/A was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.41, p=0.02); DTE was positively correlated with posterior wall thickness (r=0.36, p=0.05) and interventricular septum thickness (r=0.45, p=0.01); cardiac troponin was positively correlated with age (r=0.50, p=0.00), left ventricular mass (r=0.41, p=0.02), posterior wall thickness (r=0.41; p=0.02) and interventricular septum thickness (r=0.39, p=0.03) but not with diastolic dysfunction parameters. No significant difference was found in terms of duration of dialysis between patients with normal left ventricular geometry and those with left ventricular hypertrophy, but a significant difference in age was found (p=0.03). Pts with diastolic dysfunction had more frequent hypotensive episodes during dialysis (p &lt;0.01). Conclusion: Impaired geometry and cardiac function is frequently observed in pts undergoing hemodialysis. Diastolic dysfuction is associated to a geometric pattern of left ventricular hypetrophy, although it can be an isolated initial manifestation of myocardial damage. Depressed midwall myocardial shortening can discriminate left ventricular dysfunction better than traditional endocardial systolic indexes.

Abstract 16939: Reversible Myocardial Ischemia Sufficient to Produce Transient Stunning Leads to Delayed Cardiac Troponin I Release That Reflects Focal Myocyte Apoptosis in the Absence of Pathological Infarction

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R Weil ◽  
Rebeccah F Young ◽  
Xiaomeng Shen ◽  
Gen Suzuki ◽  
Jun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Coronary Occlusion ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Troponin I ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Reversible Ischemia ◽  
Myocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Irreversible Injury

Introduction: The release of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) after reversible ischemia is controversial. It has been hypothesized that elevations in serum cTnI in this scenario reflect selective release from an exchangeable pool rather than cellular necrosis since irreversible injury with sarcolemmal membrane disruption does not begin until ischemia exceeds 15 minutes following a total coronary occlusion. Objective: To determine whether cTnI release occurs after a brief coronary occlusion when the duration of ischemia is insufficient to induce myocyte necrosis. Methods: Closed-chest propofol-anesthetized swine (n=10) were subjected to a 10 minute LAD occlusion. Blood sampling was performed to measure serum cTnI concentrations before, during and after ischemia. Myocardial tissue was collected either 1 hour (n=5) or 24 hours (n=5) after reperfusion for pathological assessment of infarction (TTC) and apoptosis (TUNEL). Results: Regional LAD wall thickening was 60 ± 4% at baseline and became dyskinetic during coronary occlusion (-4 ± 2%, p<0.05). One hour after reperfusion, wall thickening improved but remained depressed relative to baseline, indicative of myocardial stunning (37 ± 4%, p<0.05). It returned to normal after 24 hours (59 ± 2%). Serum cTnI was 0.01 ± 0.01 ng/mL at baseline and remained unchanged at the end of ischemia. A slight increase in cTnI was observed 1 hour after reperfusion (0.06 ± 0.02 ng/mL, p<0.05 vs. baseline), followed by a marked elevation at 24 hours (1.02 ± 0.57 ng/mL, p<0.05 vs. baseline). TTC staining demonstrated no evidence of infarction. Heart tissue collected 1 hour after reperfusion demonstrated a regional increase in apoptotic myocytes (LAD: 17.7 ± 3.7 myocytes/cm 2 vs. Remote: 3.1 ± 2.0 myocytes/cm 2 , p<0.05). Myocyte apoptosis normalized 24 hours after reperfusion (LAD: 5.2 ± 2.3 myocytes/cm 2 vs. Remote: 3.6 ± 1.5 myocytes/cm 2 ) when serum cTnI remained elevated. Conclusion: A duration of reversible ischemia compatible with angina can lead to cTnI release that is similar in magnitude to that occurring with myocardial infarction. Rather than infarction or release from an exchangeable cTnI pool, the rise in serum cTnI is delayed and appears to reflect focal programmed myocyte death from apoptosis rather than myocardial necrosis.

Characterization of Cardiac Diseases in Dogs Prevalent in Indian Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yadav ◽  
T. Kumar ◽  
N. Sindhu ◽  
D. Agnihotri ◽  
C. Jajoria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Troponin I ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Left Ventricular Dilation ◽  
Atrial Enlargement

Background: Cardiac diseases defined as structural, functional, mechanical and electrical abnormality of heart. Characterization of different cardiac diseases in dogs prevalent in North Indian conditions is least studied. Methods: Out of total 2582 registered dogs, 41 were suspected for cardiac diseases based on clinical signs. Further confirmation and characterization was done by electrocardiography, radiography, echocardiography and cardiac biomarkers. Statistical analysis was done through SPSS 23. Result: Present study inferred, Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) as the most prevalent cardiac affection. Left ventricular dilation, interventricular septum thinning, increased E point septal separation and left atrial enlargement were characteristic echocardiographic indices in DCM. Echocardiographic indices in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were increased interventricular septum, left ventricular posterior wall and reduced left ventricular lumen. Labrador retriever found to be most predisposed breed for DCM while Rottweiler reported to be most affected with pericardial effusion. Cardiac Troponin-I (cTnI) was statistically (p less than 0.05) increased in all cardiac categories with cut off value above 92 ng/l indicating cardiac affection, while Lactate dehydrogenase serve as screening biochemical marker with significant increase in all the cardiac cases ranging from 291 IU/l to 586.4 IU/l.

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