The Surgical Treatment of Cholelithiasis in Cats: A Study of Nine Cases

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Eich ◽  
Lori L. Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hepatic Lipidosis ◽  
Biliary Diversion

Nine cats that had surgical treatment for obstructive cholelithiasis were reviewed to evaluate clinical signs, diagnostic test results, and outcome after surgery. Common clinical signs included progressive vomiting (9/9), dehydration (9/9), anorexia (6/9), icterus (5/9), and lethargy (4/9). Five cats had a cholecystectomy performed, one cat had a cholecystotomy, and three cats had a biliary diversion procedure. Four of the cats that had a cholecystectomy had no recurrence of vomiting or anorexia. The majority of cats (7/9) had multiple choleliths, which were radiopaque and most commonly composed of calcium carbonate. Seven cats were diagnosed with cholangiohepatitis, and four of these cats did not need long-term medical therapy. Most cats (7/9) survived long term postsurgery (mean, 21 months; median, 24 months) without additional medical therapy, while the two cats with concurrent hepatic lipidosis died. Cholecystectomy appeared to have low morbidity with good clinical success.

Clinical features, treatment, and outcome of dogs with Coccidioides osteomyelitis

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Shaver ◽  
Daniel S. Foy ◽  
Todd D. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Serologic Test ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
One Year ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract OBJECTIVE To describe signalment, clinical signs, serologic test results, treatment, and outcome of dogs with Coccidioides osteomyelitis (COM) and to compare those findings with findings for dogs with osteosarcoma (OSA). ANIMALS 14 dogs with COM and 16 dogs with OSA. PROCEDURES Data were retrospectively gathered from electronic medical records. RESULTS Dogs with COM were younger and weighed less than dogs with OSA. Six dogs with COM had appendicular lesions, 5 had axial lesions, and 3 had both appendicular and axial lesions; 9 had monostotic disease, and 5 had polyostotic disease. Axial lesions and nonadjacent polyostotic disease were more common in dogs with COM than in dogs with OSA, but radiographic appearance was not different between the 2 groups. Median IgG titer at diagnosis of COM was 1:48 and was significantly decreased after 6 and 12 months of treatment. Percentage of dogs with COM that had clinical signs was significantly decreased after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment. One year after initiation of treatment, 9 of 9 dogs were still receiving fluconazole and 8 of 9 dogs had positive results for serum IgG titer testing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Dogs with COM typically had a rapid improvement in clinical signs after initiating treatment with fluconazole but required long-term antifungal treatment. Dogs with COM differed from dogs with OSA, but radiographic features had a great degree of overlap between groups, confounding the ability to make a diagnosis on the basis of diagnostic imaging alone.

scholarly journals Long-term low-dose ketoconazole treatment in bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Comte-Perret ◽  
Anne Zanchi ◽  
Fulgencio Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
List Type ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Free Cortisol

Summary Medical therapy for Cushing's syndrome due to bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (BMAH) is generally administered for a limited time before surgery. Aberrant receptors antagonists show inconsistent efficacy in the long run to prevent adrenalectomy. We present a patient with BMAH, treated for 10 years with low doses of ketoconazole to control cortisol secretion. A 48-year-old woman presented with headaches and hypertension. Investigations showed the following: no clinical signs of Cushing's syndrome; enlarged lobulated adrenals; normal creatinine, potassium, and aldosterone; normal urinary aldosterone and metanephrines; elevated urinary free cortisol and steroid metabolites; and suppressed plasma renin activity and ACTH. A screening protocol for aberrant adrenal receptors failed to show any illegitimate hormone dependence. Ketoconazole caused rapid normalisation of cortisol and ACTH that persists over 10 years on treatment, while adrenals show no change in shape or size. Ketoconazole decreases cortisol in patients with Cushing's syndrome, and may prevent adrenal overgrowth. Steroid secretion in BMAH is inefficient as compared with normal adrenals or secreting tumours and can be controlled with low, well-tolerated doses of ketoconazole, as an alternative to surgery. Learning points Enlarged, macronodular adrenals are often incidentally found during the investigation of hypertension in patients harboring BMAH. Although laboratory findings include low ACTH and elevated cortisol, the majority of patients do not display cushingoid features. Bilateral adrenalectomy, followed by life-long steroid replacement, is the usual treatment of this benign condition, and alternative medical therapy is sought. Therapy based on aberrant adrenal receptors gives disappointing results, and inhibitors of steroidogenesis are not always well tolerated. However, ketoconazole at low, well-tolerated doses appeared appropriate to control adrenal steroid secretion indefinitely, while preventing adrenal overgrowth. This treatment probably constitutes the most convenient long-term alternative to surgery.

scholarly journals ТREATMENT OF STENOSIS OF THE PYLORIC BULBAR ZONE OF ULCERATIVE GENESIS USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
O. M. Babii ◽  
S. A. Tarabarov ◽  
N. V. Prolom ◽  
B. F. Shevchenko ◽  
A. A. Galinsky
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Remote Observation

Summary. Purpose: to improve the results of surgical treatment of stenosis of the pyloroduodenal zone of ulcerative origin through the use of minimally invasive laparoendoscopic interventions. Material and methods. In the Department of Surgery of the Digestive Organs of the State Institution “Institute of Gastroenterology of the NAMS of Ukraine” for 2014-2019, 114 patients with stenosis of the pyloroduodenal zone of ulcerative origin were examined. Of these, 35 — with compensated stenosis, 57 — with subcompensated, 22 — with decompensated stenosis. The average age (45.3±5.2) years. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. All patients underwent surgical treatment using minimally invasive and traditional surgical interventions. Results and discussion. During the study, known indications were clarified and new indications for performing endoscopic balloon pyloroduodenoplasty and combined laparoendoscopic intervention were clarified. Complications in the immediate postoperative period occurred in 1 patient (1.04%) in the form of perforation of the dilated zone. In patients after the traditional laparotomy surgery, the average postoperative period was (15 ± 2) days. Complications in the immediate postoperative period occurred in 2 patients (11.1 %) in the form of bleeding and leaks in the pyloroplasty zone, which required repeated surgical treatment. Тhere were no fatal cases. The remote observation period was 7-22 months. Endoscopic, radiological and clinical signs of recurrence of peptic ulcer and stenosis were not detected. Conclusions. The method of minimally invasive endoscopic and combined laparoendoscopic interventions in the treatment of stenosis of the pyloroduodenal zone of ulcerative genesis is characterized by a minimal number of complications, has good efficacy indicators and the absence of disease recurrence in the long-term period.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Primary Sino-Nasal Obstruction in Miniature Horse Breeds: Long-Term Follow-Up of Seven Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieven Vlaminck ◽  
Elke Pollaris ◽  
Katrien Vanderperren ◽  
W. Henry Tremaine ◽  
Els Raes
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Cosmetic Appearance ◽  
Median Period ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Good Cosmetic

Idiopathic sino-nasal obstruction resulting in retention of large amounts of liquid in the paranasal sinus compartments was diagnosed in seven young (2. 2 ± 0.7 years) miniature-breed horses based on clinical, endoscopic, radiographic, and CT scan examinations. The most prevalent clinical signs included decreased or no airflow from the nostril(s) (7/7) and nasal discharge (6/7). The problem presented bilaterally in six of seven cases. An alternative sino-nasal communication was created through bone flap osteotomy surgery and perforation of the ventromedial floor of the dorsal conchae in all cases, followed by fixation of silicone irrigation tubes/Foley catheters in six of seven cases to keep the newly created ostium patent. This resulted in long-term resolution of the problem with good cosmetic appearance in all animals following a median period of 19 months. Premature loss of fixed tubes was reported in three cases.

Hiatal Hernia in the Dog: A Clinical Report of Four Chinese Shar Peis

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent P. Guiot ◽  
Jennifer L. Lansdowne ◽  
Pierre Rouppert ◽  
Bryden J. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Hiatal Hernia ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Barium Esophagram

Four Chinese shar pei littermate puppies were presented for vomiting, regurgitation, hypersalivation, and poor growth. Diagnosis of hiatal hernia was made for each of the four dogs based on survey radiographs and barium esophagram studies. All dogs initially underwent medical therapy, to which only one dog responded. All dogs underwent surgical treatment, which included manual hernia reduction followed by phrenoplasty, esophagopexy, and left incisional gastropexy, 5 to 40 days following initiation of medical therapy. The three surgical techniques described eliminated the need to enter the pleural cavity and offered excellent long-term results with no recurrence of clinical signs following surgery.

Surgical treatment of adrenocortical tumors: 21 cases (1990-1996)

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Anderson ◽  
SJ Birchard ◽  
BE Powers ◽  
GA Belandria ◽  
CA Kuntz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Adrenocortical Tumors ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Twenty-four adrenocortical tumors were surgically removed from 21 dogs. Histopathological examination confirmed 18 carcinomas and six adenomas. Four dogs died in the perioperative period. Fifteen of the 17 dogs that survived the perioperative period had long-term resolution of their clinical signs. Two dogs with incompletely resected tumors were treated with mitotane to control their clinical signs. Overall median Kaplan-Meier life-table survival for dogs with carcinomas was 778 days (range, one to 1,593 days). Median survival for dogs with adenomas was not reached (range, 11 to 730 days). Histopathological diagnosis, histopathological cellular features, age of the dog, and tumor size were not prognostic of outcome.

Vascular Encephalopathy Associated With Bacterial Endocarditis in Four Dogs

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie B. Cook ◽  
Joan R. Coates ◽  
Curtis W. Dewey ◽  
Sonya Gordon ◽  
Matthew W. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Bacterial Endocarditis ◽  
Infectious Endocarditis ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clinical Complication

Vascular encephalopathy is a commonly encountered clinical complication of infectious endocarditis in humans, but it has been infrequently reported in dogs. A series of four dogs with bacterial endocarditis that subsequently developed acute onset of neurological deficits is described. Clinical signs, diagnostic test results, and outcomes for each case are presented and compared with the human clinical syndrome.

scholarly journals Analysis of surgical treatment results of patients with chronic rhinitis

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
V. M. Svistushkin ◽  
E. S. Shchennikova ◽  
E. V. Sin’kov ◽  
V. P. Sobolev
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chronic Rhinitis ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Safe Technique

Introduction. Chronic nasal congestion caused by edema of inferior turbinate affect 20% of population and strongly influences their quality of life. Pharmacological treatment of chronic rhinitis is considered to be the first line therapy. However, if conservative treatment is not effective and clinical signs are not disappearing the question about relevant surgical treatment is arising. Nowadays there are many methods of exposure on mucosa of the inferior turbinate. Considering high incidence of the pathology surgical treatment is of current importance in modern otorhinolaryngology.Objective. Assessment of the effectiveness and comparison of the period of rehabilitation after submucosal laser destruction by laser beam with wavelength 1,56 and after submucosal destruction by radiosurgical instruments Ellman Surgitron with a frequency of 4 MHz in patients with chronic rhinitis.Methods. 60 patients were included into the study aged from 18 to 80 years old with chronic rhinitis. All the patients were admitted to the department to perform surgical treatment. Semiconducted laser with wavelength 1,56 and radiosurgical instrument Ellman Surgitron with frequency of 4 MHz were applied to the treatment. We assessed SNOT20 score, endoscopic features, anterior active rhinomanometry and saccharin test results in all patients following the surgery.Conclusions. The data we have obtained provide the basis for choosing semiconductor laser as more effective and safe technique for the treatment of patients with chronic rhinitis.

scholarly journals Early detection and persistent positivity of anti-Leishmania antibodies using a recombinant protein-based ELISA in naturally infected dogs in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Silva de Jesus ◽  
João Victor Andrade Cruz ◽  
Lívia Brito Coelho ◽  
Lairton Souza Borja ◽  
Edmilson Domingos da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease caused by Leishmania infantum, for which dogs constitute the main urban parasite reservoir. Control measures and the treatment of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) are essential to reduce VL cases. Early and accurate detection of L. infantum-infected dogs is crucial to the success of VL control. To improve the serological detection of L. infantum-exposed dogs, we evaluated the early diagnosis capacity of a recombinant protein (rLci5) in an immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect naturally infected dogs. Additionally, we evaluated the persistence of the positive results obtained by rLci5 ELISA in comparison to other conventional diagnostic test methods. Methods Serum samples obtained from 48 L. infantum-infected dogs involved in a cohort study were evaluated using different diagnostic methods (qPCR, EIE-LVC, DPP-LVC and splenic culture). The results were compared to rLci5 ELISA to determine its capacity to diagnose L. infantum infection at earlier infection time points. The persistence of positive diagnostic test results was also compared for each dog evaluated. Results rLci5 ELISA presented higher rates of positive results at early time points compared to the other diagnostic tests employed in the cohort study, as early as 24 months prior to detection by other tests. rLci5 ELISA positivity was 52.1% (25/48) at baseline, while qPCR was 35.4% (17/48), DPP-LVC 27.1% (13/48), EIE-LVC 22.9% (11/48) and culture only 4.2% (2/48). In at least one of the time points of the 24-month cohort study, rLci5 ELISA was positive in 100% (48/48) of the dogs, versus 83% (40/48) for qPCR, 75% (36/48) for DPP-LVC, 65% (31/48) for EIE-LVC and 31% (15/48) for culture. Investigating clinical signs in association with diagnostic test positivity, rLci5 ELISA successfully detected CVL in 62.9% (95/151) of the clinical evaluations with a score of 0–3, 64.3% (45/70) with scores between 4 and 7, and 73.7% (14/19) with scores > 7, providing higher rates of positivity than all other methods evaluated. Moreover, rLci5 ELISA presented the greatest persistence with respect to test positivity: 45.8% of the dogs evaluated. Conclusion Four diagnostic tests were compared to rLci5 ELISA, which presented earlier infection diagnosis and a greater persistence of positive test results. Accordingly, the use of the rLci5 ELISA can improve CVL diagnostic performance by detecting infected dogs sooner than other testing methods, with enhanced persistence of positive results over the course of the infection. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Long-term causes of death in patients with infective endocarditis who undergo medical therapy only or surgical treatment: a nationwide population-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 860-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauge Østergaard ◽  
Louise Bruun Oestergaard ◽  
Trine Kiilerich Lauridsen ◽  
Anders Dahl ◽  
Mavish Chaudry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study
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