The NeutraClear® Needleless Connector is Equally Effective against Catheter Colonization Compared to MicroClave®

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Guembe ◽  
María Jesús Pérez Granda ◽  
Raquel Cruces ◽  
Luis Alcalá ◽  
Emilio Bouza
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Closed System ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Catheter Colonization ◽  
Bactec System ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Needleless Connector ◽  
And Migration

Introduction Neutral-valve closed-system connectors can reduce the frequency of catheter colonization. Commercially available closed system connectors need to be tested and compared with each other to assess how they protect against contamination. We aimed to compare, in vitro, the efficacy of connectors NeutraClear® and MicroClave® against contamination under conditions of daily clinical practice. Methods The model consisted of a set of 200 blood culture bottles (BCBs) with a cannula inserted (100 closed with NeutraClear® and 100 closed with MicroClave®) that were assessed in two experiments while instilling 1 mL of saline: manipulation based on the standard of care and manipulation using gloves impregnated with a 0.05 McFarland Staphylococcus aureus solution. The BCBs were incubated in a BACTEC System at 37°C under continuous shaking for up to 7 days. When a bottle turned positive, 100 µL of the fluid was cultured. The positivity rate and time to positivity of the BCB in each experiment was compared. Results In the aseptic model in the NeutraClear® and MicroClave® groups, only 1 BCB and 2 BCBs were positive, respectively, (p = 0.55). In the contaminated model, all BCBs were positive in both groups at the end of the incubation time. We did not find differences for the MTP between NeutraClear® and MicroClave® (36.04 vs. 20.13 hours, p = 0.09). Conclusions The NeutraClear® needleless connector proved to be as efficient as the MicroClave® connector in the prevention of catheter colonization and migration of S. aureus from the surface to the inside of the hub in an in vitro model.

scholarly journals Beneficial Influence of Platelets on Antibiotic Efficacy in an In Vitro Model of Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Endocarditis

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 2551-2557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee-Claude Mercier ◽  
Robert M. Dietz ◽  
Jory L. Mazzola ◽  
Arnold S. Bayer ◽  
Michael R. Yeaman
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Activated Platelets ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Antibiotic Efficacy ◽  
Chamber Fluid

ABSTRACT Platelets contribute to antimicrobial host defense against infective endocarditis (IE) by releasing platelet microbicidal proteins (PMPs). We investigated the influence of thrombin-stimulated human platelets on the evolution of simulated IE in the presence and absence of vancomycin or nafcillin. Staphylococcus aureus strains differing in intrinsic susceptibility to PMPs or antibiotics were studied: ISP479C (thrombin-induced PMP-1 [tPMP-1] susceptible; nafcillin and vancomycin susceptible), ISP479R (tPMP-1 resistant; nafcillin and vancomycin susceptible), and GISA-NJ (tPMP-1 intermediate-susceptible; vancomycin intermediate-susceptible). Platelets were introduced and thrombin activated within the in vitro IE model 30 min prior to inoculation with S. aureus. At 0 to 24 h postinoculation, bacterial densities in chamber fluid and simulated endocardial vegetations (SEVs) were quantified and compared among groups. Activated platelets alone, or in combination with antibiotics, inhibited the proliferation of ISP479C in chamber fluid or SEVs over the initial 4-h period (P < 0.05 versus controls). Moreover, nafcillin-containing regimens exerted inhibitory effects beyond 4 h against ISP479C in both model phases. By comparison, activated platelets inhibited GISA-NJ proliferation in SEVs but not in chamber fluid. The combination of platelets plus nafcillin or vancomycin significantly inhibited proliferation of the GISA-NJ strain in SEVs compared to the effect of platelets or antibiotics alone (P < 0.05). In contrast, platelets did not significantly alter the antistaphylococcal efficacies of nafcillin or vancomycin against ISP479R. These data support our hypothesis that a beneficial antimicrobial effect may result from the interaction among platelets, PMPs, and anti-infective agents against antibiotic-susceptible or -resistant staphylococci that exhibit a tPMP-1-susceptible or -intermediate-susceptible phenotype.

Pharmacokinetically-based prediction of the effects of antibiotic combinations on resistant Staphylococcus aureus mutants: in vitro model studies with linezolid and rifampicin

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Firsov ◽  
Maria V. Golikova ◽  
Elena N. Strukova ◽  
Yury A. Portnoy ◽  
Svetlana A. Dovzhenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of the Activities of Telavancin, Cefazolin, and Vancomycin against Methicillin-Susceptible and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Peritoneal Dialysate

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 4521-4524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances L. Clouse ◽  
Laurie B. Hovde ◽  
John C. Rotschafer
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysate ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Vitro Model

ABSTRACT This study compared the ability of telavancin to the ability of cefazolin and vancomycin to eliminate staphylococci from peritoneal dialysis fluid by using a static in vitro model to simulate the conditions of peritoneal dialysis. The results showed that telavancin exhibited statistically significantly better kill (P < 0.05) against both methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Impact of sarA on Antibiotic Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus in a Catheter-Associated In Vitro Model of Biofilm Formation

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 2475-2482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Weiss ◽  
Horace J. Spencer ◽  
Sonja J. Daily ◽  
Brian D. Weiss ◽  
Mark S. Smeltzer
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Vitro Model

ABSTRACT Mutation of the staphylococcal accessory regulator (sarA) in Staphylococcus aureus limits but does not abolish the capacity of the organism to form a biofilm. As a first step toward determining whether this limitation is therapeutically relevant, we carried out in vitro studies comparing the relative susceptibility of an S. aureus clinical isolate (UAMS-1) and its isogenic sarA mutant (UAMS-929) in the specific context of a catheter-associated biofilm. The antibiotics tested were daptomycin, linezolid, and vancomycin, all of which were evaluated by using concentrations based on the MIC defined as the breakpoint for a susceptible strain of S. aureus (≤1.0, ≤2.0, and ≤4.0 μg/ml for daptomycin, vancomycin, and linezolid, respectively). Mutation of sarA had no significant impact on the MIC of UAMS-1 for any of the targeted antibiotics, as defined by Etest antimicrobial susceptibility testing. However, mutation of sarA did result in a significant increase in antimicrobial susceptibility to all targeted antibiotics when they were tested in the specific context of a biofilm. Additionally, whether susceptibility was assessed by using UAMS-1 or its sarA mutant, daptomycin was found to be more effective against established S. aureus biofilms than either linezolid or vancomycin.

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