Role of CD24 Polymorphisms in the Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. e62-e68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Lisiansky ◽  
Sarah Kraus ◽  
Inna Naumov ◽  
Dina Kazanov ◽  
Ilana Nabiochtchikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
And Gender

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results from an inappropriate inflammatory response in which genetic, immune, and environmental factors all play important roles. Recently, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CD24 gene have been associated with the development of several autoimmune diseases. Aim To evaluate whether CD24 SNPs, are associated with risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Methods The CD24 polymorphisms C170T (rs8734), TG1527del (rs3838646), A1626G (rs1058881), and A1056G (rs1058818) were assessed in a case-control study of an Israeli cohort comprising 117 IBD patients and 105 age and gender-matched healthy controls. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed using BstX1, Bsr1, Mfe1, and BstU1 restriction enzymes. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by logistic regression models. Results Carriers of the C170T SNP were at increased risk of IBD (OR=3.022, 95% CI: 1.748–5.223, p=0.001), UC (OR=3.002, 95% CI: 1.661–5.427, p=0.001) and CD (OR=3.077, 95% CI: 1.334–7.095, p=0.008). Carrying the A1626G and A1056G SNPs was found to be a risk factor for IBD (OR=2.460, 95% CI: 1.420–4.259, p=0.001 and OR=1.856, 95% CI: 1.011–3.405, p=0.01), UC (OR=2.218, 95% CI: 1.207–4.075, p=0.01 and OR=1.944, 95% CI: 0.995–3.798, p=0.01) but not for CD (p=0.086 and p=0.299). The A1626G and TG1527del were found to be associated with younger age of IBD onset (p=0.022 and p=0.027, respectively). Conclusions The CD24 C170T polymorphism is associated with IBD risk. The A1626G and A1056G SNPs might be associated only with UC risk. These findings suggest CD24 as a new genetic susceptibility factor, with clinical implications in the prediction of IBD prognosis and therapy.

scholarly journals Microscopic Ileitis in Clinically Suspected Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients- Can It Predict the Future?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadi Abu Baker ◽  
Jesus Alonso Z'cruz De La Garza ◽  
Smadar Nafrin ◽  
Amir Mari ◽  
Muhammed Suki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Work Up

Abstract Background: The implication of microscopic ileitis finding in patients referred for ileocolonoscopy for clinically suspected inflammatory bowel disease is not well defined and its correlation with clinical outcome has not been fully studied. The current study aims to determine the prognostic yield of biopsies in this setting, and to evaluate the correlation of microscopic ileitis with long-term clinical outcome. Methods: Endoscopic reports of patients referred to our department for ileocolonoscopy in the years 2010-2016, as part of a diagnostic work-up for suspected IBD were revised. Patients with normal ileocolonoscopy were included, provided that terminal ileum biopsies were performed. Accordingly, patients were divided into normal (normal or reactive changes) and microscopic ileitis (inflammation or ileitis of any severity) groups. Both groups were followed prospectively to determine clinical outcome. Results: 439 patients met the inclusion criteria. 64 (14.6%) had inflammation on biopsy and were included in the microscopic ileitis group. Age and gender didn't differ significantly between groups. Overall follow up period was 6.1±2.3 years. Patients in the microscopic ileitis group were significantly associated with Crohn's diagnosis during follow-up period compared to normal (19% vs 2%, OR=11.98, 95%CI=4.48-32.01; p<0.01). Patients with granuloma or moderate-severe ileitis on biopsy were significantly associated with Crohn's development (100% vs 11%; P<0.01) compared to mild or nonspecific inflammation. Conclusion: Microscopic ileitis finding in clinically suspected IBD is associated with increased risk of future diagnosis of crohn's disease.

scholarly journals Microscopic Ileitis In Clinically Suspected Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients- Can It Predict The Future?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadi Abu Baker ◽  
Jesus Alonso Z'cruz De La Garza ◽  
Smadar Nafrin ◽  
Amir Mari ◽  
Muhammed Suki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Work Up

Abstract Background: The implication of microscopic ileitis finding in patients referred for ileocolonoscopy for clinically suspected inflammatory bowel disease is not well defined and its correlation with clinical outcome has not been fully studied. The current study aims to determine the prognostic yield of biopsies in this setting, and to evaluate the correlation of microscopic ileitis with long-term clinical outcome. Methods: Endoscopic reports of patients referred to our department for ileocolonoscopy in the years 2010-2016, as part of a diagnostic work-up for suspected IBD were reviewed. Patients with normal ileocolonoscopy were included, provided that terminal ileum biopsies were performed. Accordingly, patients were divided into normal (normal or reactive changes) and microscopic ileitis (inflammation or ileitis of any severity) groups. Both groups were followed prospectively to determine clinical outcome.Results: A total of 439 patients met the inclusion criteria. Sixty-four (14.6%) had inflammation on biopsy and were included in the microscopic ileitis group. Age and gender didn't differ significantly between groups. Overall follow up period was 6.1±2.3 years. Patients in the microscopic ileitis group were significantly associated with Crohn's diagnosis during follow-up period compared to normal (19% vs 2%, OR=11.98, 95%CI=4.48-32.01; p<0.01). Patients with granuloma or moderate-severe ileitis on biopsy were significantly associated with Crohn's development (100% vs 11%; P<0.01) compared to mild or nonspecific inflammation. Conclusion: Microscopic ileitis finding in clinically suspected IBD is associated with increased risk of future diagnosis of crohn's disease.

37 Monitoring the evolution of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in pediatric and adult cohorts of patients to identify biomarkers to predict cancer risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A38-A38
Author(s):  
Shilpa Ravindran ◽  
Heba Sidahmed ◽  
Harshitha Manjunath ◽  
Rebecca Mathew ◽  
Tanwir Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hamad Medical Corporation ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Left And Right

BackgroundPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), depending on the duration and severity of the disease. The evolutionary process in IBD is driven by chronic inflammation leading to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) events in colonic fibrotic areas. EMT plays a determinant role in tumor formation and progression, through the acquisition of ‘stemness’ properties and the generation of neoplastic cells. The aim of this study is to monitor EMT/cancer initiating tracts in IBD in association with the deep characterization of inflammation in order to assess the mechanisms of IBD severity and progression towards malignancy.Methods10 pediatric and 20 adult IBD patients, admitted at Sidra Medicine (SM) and Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) respectively, have been enrolled in this study, from whom gut tissue biopsies (from both left and right side) were collected. Retrospectively collected tissues (N=10) from patients with malignancy and history of IBD were included in the study. DNA and RNA were extracted from fresh small size (2–4 mm in diameter) gut tissues using the BioMasher II (Kimble) and All Prep DNA/RNA kits (Qiagen). MicroRNA (miRNA; N=700) and gene expression (N=800) profiling have been performed (cCounter platform; Nanostring) as well as the methylation profiling microarray (Infinium Methylation Epic Bead Chip kit, Illumina) to interrogate up to 850,000 methylation sites across the genome.ResultsDifferential miRNA profile (N=27 miRNA; p<0.05) was found by the comparison of tissues from pediatric and adult patients. These miRNAs regulate: i. oxidative stress damage (e.g., miR 99b), ii. hypoxia induced autophagy; iii. genes associated with the susceptibility to IBD (ATG16L1, NOD2, IRGM), iv. immune responses, such as TH17 T cell subset (miR 29). N=6 miRNAs (miR135b, 10a196b, 125b, let7c, 375) linked with the regulation of Wnt/b-catenin, EM-transaction, autophagy, oxidative stress and play role also in cell proliferation and mobilization and colorectal cancer development were differentially expressed (p<0.05) in tissues from left and right sides of gut. Gene expression signature, including genes associated with inflammation, stemness and fibrosis, has also been performed for the IBD tissues mentioned above. Methylation sites at single nucleotide resolution have been analyzed.ConclusionsAlthough the results warrant further investigation, differential genomic profiling suggestive of altered pathways involved in oxidative stress, EMT, and of the possible stemness signature was found. The integration of data from multiple platforms will provide insights of the overall molecular determinants in IBD patients along with the evolution of the disease.Ethics ApprovalThis study was approved by Sidra Medicine and Hamad Medical Corporation Ethics Boards; approval number 180402817 and MRC-02-18-096, respectively.

scholarly journals Depression, anxiety and stress among patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: Australian national survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000581
Author(s):  
Madiha Cheema ◽  
Nikola Mitrev ◽  
Leanne Hall ◽  
Maria Tiongson ◽  
Golo Ahlenstiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

BackgroundThe global COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on the mental health of individuals, particularly those with chronic illnesses. We aimed to quantify stress, anxiety and depression among individuals with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Australia during the pandemic.MethodsAn electronic survey was made available to IBD patients Australia-wide from 17 June to 12 July 2020. Respondents with an underlying diagnosis of IBD and over 18 years of age were included. A validated questionnaire (Depression, Anxiety, Stress Score-21, DASS21) was used to assess depression, anxiety and stress. Data on potential predictors of depression, anxiety and stress were collected.Results352 participated in the survey across Australia. 60.5% of respondents fulfilled DASS criteria for at least moderate depression, anxiety or stress. 45% reported a pre-existing diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety. Over 2/3 of these respondents reported worsening of their pre-existing depression/anxiety due to the current pandemic. Of those without a pre-existing diagnosis of anxiety or depression, high rates of at least moderate to severe depression (34.9%), anxiety (32.0%) and stress (29.7%) were noted. Younger age (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94 to 0.98, p<0.001), lack of access to an IBD nurse (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.03 to 3.19, p=0.04) and lack of education on reducing infection risk (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.50, p=0.017) were associated with significant stress, anxiety and/or depression.ConclusionHigh prevalence of undiagnosed depression, anxiety and stress was identified among respondents. Improved access to IBD nurse support and greater attention to education are modifiable factors that may reduce depression, anxiety and/or stress among patients with IBD during the pandemic.

scholarly journals The interplay of Clostridioides difficile infection and inflammatory bowel disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175628482110202
Author(s):  
Kanika Sehgal ◽  
Devvrat Yadav ◽  
Sahil Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease of the intestinal tract that commonly presents with diarrhea. Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most common complications associated with IBD that lead to flare-ups of underlying IBD. The pathophysiology of CDI includes perturbations of the gut microbiota, which makes IBD a risk factor due to the gut microbial alterations that occur in IBD, predisposing patients CDI even in the absence of antibiotics. Superimposed CDI not only worsens IBD symptoms but also leads to adverse outcomes, including treatment failure and an increased risk of hospitalization, surgery, and mortality. Due to the overlapping symptoms and concerns with false-positive molecular tests for CDI, diagnosing CDI in patients with IBD remains a clinical challenge. It is crucial to have a high index of suspicion for CDI in patients who seem to be experiencing an exacerbation of IBD symptoms. Vancomycin and fidaxomicin are the first-line treatments for the management of CDI in IBD. Microbiota restoration therapies effectively prevent recurrent CDI in IBD patients. Immunosuppression for IBD in IBD patients with CDI should be managed individually, based on a thorough clinical assessment and after weighing the pros and cons of escalation of therapy. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, the diagnosis of CDI in IBD, and outlines the principles of management of both CDI and IBD in IBD patients with CDI.

Ethnic Differences in the Smoking-Related Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Piovani ◽  
Claudia Pansieri ◽  
Soumya R R Kotha ◽  
Amanda C Piazza ◽  
Celia-Louise Comberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background and aims The association between smoking and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) relies on old meta-analyses including exclusively non-Jewish White populations. Uncertainty persists regarding the role of smoking in other ethnicities. Methods We systematically searched Medline/PubMed, Embase and Scopus for studies examining tobacco smoking and the risk of developing IBD, i.e., Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). Two authors independently extracted study data and assessed each study’s risk-of-bias. We examined heterogeneity and small-study effect, and calculated summary estimates using random-effects models. Stratified analyses and meta-regression were employed to study the association between study-level characteristics and effect estimates. The strength of epidemiological evidence was assessed through prespecified criteria. Results We synthesized 57 studies examining the smoking-related risk of developing CD and UC. Non-Jewish White smokers were at increased risk of CD (29 studies; RR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.69‒2.24; moderate evidence). No association was observed in Asian, Jewish and Latin-American populations (11 studies; RR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.83–1.13), with no evidence of heterogeneity across these ethnicities. Smokers were at reduced risk of UC (51 studies; RR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.48–0.64; weak evidence) irrespectively of ethnicity; however, cohort studies, large studies and those recently published showed attenuated associations. Conclusions This meta-analysis did not identify any increased risk of CD in smokers in ethnicities other than non-Jewish Whites, and confirmed the protective effect of smoking on UC occurrence. Future research should characterize the genetic background of CD patients across different ethnicities to improve our understanding on the role of smoking in CD pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Dental and periodontal disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher X. W. Tan ◽  
Henk S. Brand ◽  
Bilgin Kalender ◽  
Nanne K. H. De Boer ◽  
Tymour Forouzanfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Preventive Dental Care ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objectives Although bowel symptoms are often predominant, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients can have several oral manifestations. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) compared to an age and gender-matched control group of patients without IBD. Material and methods The DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) scores and the DPSI (Dutch Periodontal Screening Index) of 229 IBD patients were retrieved from the electronic health record patient database axiUm at the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) and were compared to the DMFT scores and DPSI from age and gender-matched non-IBD patients from the same database. Results The total DMFT index was significantly higher in the IBD group compared to the control group. When CD and UC were analyzed separately, a statistically significant increased DMFT index was observed in CD patients but not in UC patients. The DPSI did not differ significantly between the IBD and non-IBD groups for each of the sextants. However, in every sextant, IBD patients were more frequently edentulous compared to the control patients. Conclusion CD patients have significantly more dental health problems compared to a control group. Periodontal disease did not differ significantly between IBD and non-IBD groups as determined by the DPSI. Clinical relevance It is important that IBD patients and physicians are instructed about the correlation between their disease and oral health problems. Strict oral hygiene and preventive dental care such as more frequent checkups should be emphasized by dental clinicians.

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