Cytokeratin-19 fragments, nucleosomes and neuron-specific enolase as early measures of chemotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Alm El-Din ◽  
Gihan Farouk ◽  
Hala Nagy ◽  
Ayman Abd Elzaher ◽  
Gehan H. Abo El-Magd
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cytokeratin 19 ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy

Aim To investigate the reduction in the serum level of cytokeratin-19 fragments (CYFRA 21–1), nucleosomes and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) as early measures of the response to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Forty-two consecutive patients with locally advanced NSCLC were included. All patients received platinum-based chemotherapy. Staging investigations and quantification of CYFRA 21–1, nucleosomes and NSE (using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) were performed before the start of treatment and after the second cycle of chemotherapy. According to the response to chemotherapy, patients were classified into 3 groups: (I) disease regression, (II) stable disease, and (III) progressive disease. The reduction in the levels of tumor markers was correlated with the response to chemotherapy. Results After the second cycle of chemotherapy, groups I and II had significantly decreased serum levels of CYFRA 21–1 (p<0.05). Similarly, the concentration of nucleosomes was significantly lower than the baseline levels in groups I (p=0.0008) and II (p=0.003). The reduction of both CYFRA 21–1 and nucleosome levels was not significant for patients in group III. In all groups the reduction of NSE levels in response to chemotherapy was not significant. As a marker of response to chemotherapy, CYFRA 21–1 showed the highest sensitivity (88.9%) and specificity (77.4%) compared with nucleosomes (77.8% and 58.1% respectively) and NSE (66.7% and 51.8% respectively). Conclusion The reduction in the serum level of CYFRA 21–1 and nucleosomes may be used for early identification of NSCLC patients with good response to chemotherapy.

Diagnostic Value of Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor as a Tumor Marker in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tamura ◽  
Y. Ohta ◽  
H. Nakamura ◽  
M. Oda ◽  
G. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cytokeratin 19 ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients

We assessed the diagnostic value of circulating VEGF as a tumor marker in patients with lung cancer and compared its clinical utility with that of other markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 19 (CYFRA). One hundred and sixty non-small cell lung cancer patients and 70 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Circulating VEGF was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum concentrations of both CEA and CYFRA were measured by means of immunoradiometric assays. The diagnostic value of plasma VEGF (VEGFp) was better than that of CYFRA and similar to that of CEA. When the diagnostic value of VEGFp and CEA for the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was compared, the two markers proved to have nearly equal discriminatory power. In diagnosing squamous cell carcinoma, VEGFp showed less discrimination than CYFRA. When the diagnostic value of VEGFp was analyzed for stage I adenocarcinoma patients, VEGFp was slightly more discriminatory than CEA. The combination assay of VEGFp and CEA had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 60% at a cutoff of 104.4 pg/mL for VEGFp and 5.2 ng/mL for CEA. The combination of VEGF and CEA was superior to CEA alone in the early diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Immunoassay of Neuron-Specific Enolase (Nse) and Serum Fragments of Cytokeratin 19 (Cyfra 21.1) as Tumor Markers in Small Cell Lung Cancer: Clinical Evaluation and Biological Hypothesis

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Giovanella ◽  
R. Piantanida ◽  
L. Ceriani ◽  
M. Bandera ◽  
R. Novario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Cytokeratin 19 ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Cox's Model

NSE is a biochemical marker for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) diagnosis and management. CYFRA 21.1 is a newly developed immunoassay to detect the serum fragments of cytokeratin 19 which are also expressed in SCLC with or without neurofilaments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance and prognostic role of the two markers in SCLC and their contribution to chemotherapy monitoring and patient follow-up. We studied 62 patients with pathologically proven SCLC: 28 with limited disease (LD) and 34 with extensive disease (ED), and 100 patients with non-malignant pulmonary disease. Immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) were employed to test NSE and CYFRA 21.1 in patients and control subjects. For each patient subset results were expressed as median and interquartile distribution range. NSE and CYFRA 21.1 sensitivity was 0.52 (33/62) and 0.56 (35/62), respectively. In the group of patients with LD, NSE and CYFRA 21.1 sensitivity was 0.42 (12/28) and 0.54 (15/28) and in patients with ED, NSE and CYFRA 21.1 were positive in 0.62 (21/34) and 0.59 (20/34) of cases, respectively. Combining the two markers, a sensitivity of 0.78 (22/28) in LD, 0.82 (28/34) in ED and a global sensitivity of 0.80 (50/62) was obtained. Only NSE was significantly linked to the extension of disease (Mann-Whitney U test p = 0.002) while CYFRA 21.1 did not correlate. The analysis of survival and the evaluation of the two markers at diagnosis showed CYFRA 21.1 to be strongly linked to the patients’ outcome, independently of both clinical prognostic factors and NSE levels (log rank and Cox's model). The markers’ performance during chemotherapy was tested in a group of 33 patients with at least one marker above cut-off. NSE can be considered a reliable marker of tumor mass modifications under chemotherapy, while CYFRA 21.1 expression seems to be relatively independent of tumor volume modifications. An applicable model of biomarkers in SCLC could be the concurrent assay of NSE and CYFRA 21.1 in pre-therapeutic assessment and therapy planning. CYFRA 21.1 does not play an important role during therapy monitoring and follow-up; in these phases NSE alone may be employed.

scholarly journals The serum level of CC chemokine ligand 18 correlates with the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Huang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Wen-jia Hu ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Hai-qing Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Cc Chemokine ◽  
Chemokine Ligand ◽  
Nsclc Patients

Background: CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) is a chemotactic cytokine involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various cancers. Our previous research showed that the expression of CCL18 is obviously higher in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than in the adjacent normal tissues, suggesting its role in NSCLC. Methods: We further examined the serum level of CCL18 in 80 NSCLC patients with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and simultaneously analyzed the survival curve of these patients by the Kaplan–Meier method, and then utilized a log-rank test to evaluate the correlation of CCL18 expression with the malignant progression of NSCLC. Results: Our results showed that the median serum concentration of CCL18 was significantly elevated to 436.11 ng/mL in NSCLC patients compared to 41.97 ng/ml in healthy people ( P<0.01), which was also positively related to the expression of lung cancer biomarkers carcinoma–embryonic antigen and cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that an increased level of serum CCL18 was associated with a worse survival time in NSCLC patients. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the serum CCL18 level of NSCLC patients was negatively correlated with the prognosis, thus suggesting that CCL18 may serve as a potential circulating biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis.

scholarly journals Circulating progastrin-releasing peptide in the diagnosis of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) and in therapeutic monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Vittoria Barchiesi ◽  
Vittorio Simeon ◽  
Claudia Sandomenico ◽  
Monica Cantile ◽  
Dionigio Cerasuolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Monitoring ◽  
Cytokeratin 19 ◽  
Small Cell Lung

Introduction: Progastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP), a precursor of GRP, has been recently reported as a putative circulating biomarker for differential diagnosis between non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCLC. We evaluated the diagnostic effectiveness of proGRP to differentiate patients with NSCLC and SCLC and the usefulness of combined measurement of proGRP and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) for diagnosing SCLC. Methods: Serum proGRP, NSE, cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21.1), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC Ag) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were prospectively collected and measured in patients with a new diagnosis of lung cancer. Serum proGRP was also measured in healthy subjects. The serum proGRP, NSE, CYFRA 21.1 and CEA concentrations were determined by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and the serum SCC Ag concentration was determined by an automated immunofluorescence assay. Differences between proGRP and NSE in patients with SCLC and NSCLC were evaluated and compared using Mann-Whitney test. Results: A total of 77 patients affected by SCLC (n = 17) and NSCLC (n = 60) were enrolled in the present study. Moreover, 50 cases of healthy subjects were analyzed for proGRP. SCLC patients showed a significantly higher proGRP (1,484 pg/mL; range 168-3,777) levels compared to NSCLC patients (45 pg/mL; range 31.7-60.6), p<0.0001. In healthy subjects the median proGRP level was 36.1 (28.8-43.5) pg/mL, significantly lower than SCLC patients. ProGRP showed a higher specificity when compared to NSE, with a difference in proportion of 47.5% (95% confidence interval 32.5% to 62.5%, p<0.001). Serial measurements of proGRP in SCLC patients showed a decrease in responsive chemotherapy patients.

SERUM NEURON-SPECIFIC ENOLASE: A MARKER FOR DISEASE EXTENT AND RESPONSE TO THERAPY OF SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER

The Lancet ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 319 (8272) ◽  
pp. 583-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
DesmondN Carney ◽  
DanielC Ihde ◽  
MartinH Cohen ◽  
PaulJ Marangos ◽  
PaulA Bunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Disease Extent ◽  
Serum Neuron Specific Enolase
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